?????????

???? ????????, ???????????? ???????

???????????????? (? ?????? : ?θνο? "?????" - ????, ?? ?-γρ?φω "?????" - ??? ????) ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????, ??-??? ????? ??? . ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????-???? ???? ????. ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???-?? ????????, ??????-??? ??????? ???? ???????????. ???? ?????? ???????, ????? ????????????????? ?? ???????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???????.

???????????? ?????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????????? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ???'???? ( 1935 - 1936 ), ?? ????? ?????

???????????? ??????? ? ???????????? ?????? , ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????????. ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????????. ?????? ???: "???? ????????? ???? ??????" ?? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? , "The Nuer" ??? ???????????-?????? ?????? ?????? ?????-????'?? , "??????? ??????" ?? ?????????????-???????? ????????? ????? ??? ?? "Naven" ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? . ? ???? ??????? , ???????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????, ?? ???-?? ?????????? - ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? - ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????, ?????? ?????? ????.

????????? ??? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????, ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????. ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???, ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????. ????????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? . ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????, ??? ???, ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??, ????? ???????? ????, ?? ??? ?????. ??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ????, ???? ???, ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? (??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????-????). ???, ?????? ???????, ?????? ???????? ?????-????? ???? ?? ???????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????-????? ???? ??????? ??????.

???? ???? ?????-?? ?? ?????????? ???? ????????????? ????????. ??? ? ???? ?-50 ???? ????? ???? ?-60 , ???????????? ???? ????? "???????" ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????????. ?????????? ???????? ??? ?? "????? ??????? ?????" ?? ???? ???-?????? , "The High Valley" ??? ???' ??? ?-"The Savage and the Innocent" ?? ??????? ???????-????? ???-?? "Return to Laughter" ??? ?????? ????' ???? ( ???? ????? ) ??????? ?????. ????? ????, ?????????? "??????????" ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? (??? ????? ????? ??????????). ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? "Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco" ?? ??? ??????? , "The Headman and I" ??? ?'??-??? ????? ?-"Tuhami" ?? ?????? ?????????? . ? ???? ?-80 , ??? ????? ?????? ? ?????????????? / ???? ????????????? , ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????. ?????????? "????????", ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????, ?????? ????? ?? "Shamanism, Colonialism, and the Wild Man" ?? ????? ????? , "Debating Muslims" ?? ?????. ?.?'.???? ???? ????, "A Space on the Side of the Road" ??? ??'??? ??????? ??-"Advocacy after Bhopal" ?? ??? ??????.

???????????? ????????, ??? ??????? ???? , ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????-??? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ??????. ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????-????? ?????, ????. ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???-???? ??????? ???????.

???????? ????? ????????:

  1. ?????? ??????, ????? ?????, ?? ????????? ????????? - ???? ????? ?? "?????? ??????" (??? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??????-????? ??? ?????)
  2. ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? - ?? ????? ??? ?????-????? ????????
  3. ????? ??????????????. ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????-??, ???? ?????? ????????, ?? ??? ????? ????????? ???????
  4. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????
  5. ????? ????
  6. ??????? ?? ?????? ?????-????? ???????
  7. ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????
  8. ???? ????-????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????
  9. ???? ??????

?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????. ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????.

" ????????? ????????? " ??? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????.

????? ???? ??????? ?????????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ? ?????? ????? , ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????. ?????????? ??????? ? ?????? ????? ??????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ??-?? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? (??????? ???? ?? " ????? ??? ???? " ??? ?????? ???? ??? "????????? ??????" ?? ????? ???) ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ????? , ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?????. ? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??-???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????-?????, ???? ????, ?? "??????? ???????" ??? ??? ??? ???? , ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????. ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????-?? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ???? ????????????? ???????.

??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ????? , ??????????????? , ??? ?????? ? ??????? . ??????????? ????????? ?'???' ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????. ?'???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????, ????? ??? ???? "?????? ?????????" ?-1979.

????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ?? ??????, ?????? ???', ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????-???? ???????????, ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ??????, ????? ?????? ??????? ?????.

??????, ???????????? (??? ??????????? ?? ???????, UIUC) ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. ??????, ?????? ? ????????? ?? ??????????? (EOTU - Ethnography of the University) ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?-UIUC, ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????. EOTU ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????, ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????????????? ??????? ????????.

???????????? ??? ????? ???? ? ??? ????? , ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????. ?? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????, ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?"????????? ???????" ("design ethnography") ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????, ?? ????? ????? ?? ????-????? ???. ???? ?????? ?? "????? ????????? ???????" (EPIC - Enthnographic Praxis in Industry Conference), ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????, ??? ???? ???. ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????-???????, ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????, ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ???? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????, ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • Agar, Michael (1996) "The Professional Stranger: An Informal Introduction to Ethnography" (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
  • Douglas, Mary (1996) The World of Goods: Toward and Anthropology of Consumption". Routledge, London.
  • Erickson, Ken C. and Donald D. Stull (1997) "Doing Team Ethnography: Warnings and Advice". Sage, Beverly Hills.
  • Groh, Arnold (2018) "Research Methods in Indigenous Contexts". Springer, New York.
  • Miller, Daniel (1987) "Material Culture and Mass Consumption". Blackwell, London.
  • Kottak, Conrad Phillip (2005) "Window on Humanity : A Concise Introduction to General Anthropology", (pages 34-44). McGraw Hill, New York.
  • Kottak, Conrad Phillip (2005) "Window on Humanity : A Concise Introduction to General Anthropology", (pages 2-3, 16-17, 34-44). McGraw Hill, New York.

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