?????? ??????
??? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??
???????? ??????
????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??
???? ??????
?
??????????
.
[1]
??? ???? ??????? - ???-?????? ???? (Hans-Ulrich Wehler), ???? ???? (Jurgen Kocka) ?
???????? ?????
. ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????, ??? ????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????-????????. ????????? ?"???? ???? ?????????" (??? ????? ????) ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? Geschichte und Gesellschaft: Zeitschrift fur Historische Sozialwissenschaft (???????? ?????: ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????) ??? 1975.
????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ?????-?????? ?????
???? ?-50
??-60 ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??
???????-?????????
. ????? ?????? "???????? ?? ?????" -
Gesellschaftsgeschichte
- ???? ??????? ????? ?-60 ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????.
??????? ???????????
????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?"???????", ????? ???????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ??? "????? ??????", ????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????. ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??
??? ???
, ?? ?????? ?
??? ????
, ???? ?????, ????? ?????,
???? ??????
?
?????? ????
.
[2]
?????? ????? ???????
(
Deutsche Gesellschaftsgeschichte
) ??????? ???? ?-1987 ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????, ?? 5 ????? ?? ??, ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????-???? ?? ??????. ?? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????, ????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ???, ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????. ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ??
????
?
????
(?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????), ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ??
??? ???
?????? ???? "???????? ???????".
????? 1?2 ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ?? 1848. ??? 3 (???????
Von der "Deutschen Doppelrevolution" bis zum Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges 1849?1914
???? ???? ?-1995) ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? -
???? ??????? ???????
????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????. ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?-60?1870, ????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????????? ??????? ??????. ????? ????????, ???????????? ?????-??????? ????? ????? ??????????, ??????? ??????. ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ???????, ????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????, ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (Klassenhabitus).
???? ?????? (
Vom Beginn des Ersten Weltkrieges bis zur Grundung der Beiden
) ???? ???? ?-2003 ??? ????? 1914?1949. ????????? ??????? ??? 1914 ?-1945 ?????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?"???? ???????" ??"?????", ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?"????? ?????????", ??????? ???? ?????? ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? 1990.
[3]
?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????
???'?? ?'. ?????
?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??
???? ??????? ???????
. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????
?"????? ??????? ?????"
?-1848. ??????
????? ????
, ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?-70 ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? "?????".
[4]
?-1978, ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???
Society And Politics In Wilhelmine Germany
, ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?"?????? ????" ?? ?????? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??
???? ???????
?? ??? ????? "??????? ?? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????".
[5]
??? ?? ???????????? ?'? ????? (Geoff Eley) ???????? ???????, ????? ????? ?? "????? ????? ?????" ?? ?????? ???? ?????-????????, ??? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ???????-?????????.
[6]
????? ?-80, ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? "????? ???????" ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????. ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??
???
). ?????? ???, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????. ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????.
[7]
???? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????????????. ??????, "??????? ?????, ??????, ?????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ???????. ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????". ??? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ???????, ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????.
[8]
???? ???? ???????, ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????, ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ????????, ???
Alltagsgeschichte
- ???? ?????? ??????-????????, ????? ?"???????? ?????" (People's history).
- Kocka, Jurgen.
White Collar Workers in America 1890?1940: A Social?Political History in International Perspective.
(Sage, 1980).
- Kocka, Jurgen & A. Mitchell, eds.
Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth-century Europe.
(1993).
- Kocka, Jurgen.
Industrial Culture and Bourgeois Society. Business, Labor, and Bureaucracy in Modern Germany.
(Berghahn Books, 1999)
- Kocka, Jurgen. "Civil Society: Some remarks on the career of a concept," in: E. Ben-Rafael, Y. Sternberg (eds.):
Comparing Modernities,
pp. 141?148.
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Sozialdemokratie und Nationalstaat: Nationalitatenfragen in Deutschland 1840-1914
(2d ed., 1971)
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Der Aufstieg des amerikanischen Imperialismus: Studien zur Entwicklung des Imperium Americanum 1865-1900
(1974)
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Grundzuge der amerikanischen Außenpolitik 1750-1900
(1983).
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Bismarck und der Imperialismus
(5th ed., 1984)
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich. "Historiography in Germany Today," in Jurgen Habermas, ed.,
Observations on The Spiritual Situation of the Age,
(1984), 221-59.
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Das deutsche Kaiserreich 1871-1918
(10th ed., 2000; English ed.,
The German Empire, 1871-1918
(1985, 1997)
excerpt and text search
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Politik in der Geschichte
(1998), essays
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Die Herausforderung der Kulturgeschichte
(1998), essays
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich.
Deutsche Gesellschaftsgeschichte
(5 vol 1987 -)
- ^
Lorenz, Chris "Wehler, Hans-Ulrich" pages 1289?1290 from
The Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing
, Volume 2 page 1289
- ^
Roger Fletcher, "Recent Developments in West German Historiography: the Bielefeld School and its Critics."
German Studies Review
1984 7(3): 451-480.
- ^
A partial summary appears in Hans-Ulrich Wehler,
The German Empire, 1871?1918
(1997)
- ^
Theodore S. Hamerow, "Guilt, Redemption and Writing German History"
The American Historical Review
, February 1983, Volume 88#1 pages 53?72 quote on page 70.
- ^
Evans, "Introduction: Wilhelm II's Germany and the Historians" in Evans, ed.
Society And Politics In Wilhelmine Germany
(1978) pages 22?23
- ^
See Evans,
In Defence of History,
(2002)
- ^
Chris Lorenz, "'Won't You Tell Me, Where Have All the Good Times Gone'? On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Modernization Theory for History."
Rethinking History
2006 10(2): 171-200.
- ^
Cited in Magnusson, (2006)
- Berman, Sheri
(
??'
)
. "Modernization in Historical Perspective: The Case of Imperial Germany,"
World Politics,
Volume 53, Number 3, April 2001, pp. 431?462
doi
:
10.1353/wp.2001.0007
- Blamming, T. C. W. "The French Revolution and the Modernization of Germany."
Central European History
1989 22(2): 109-129.
ISSN
0008-9389
- Daum, Andreas. "German Historiography in Transatlantic Perspective: Interview with Hans-Ulrich Wehler"
GHI Bulletin
(2000)
online edition
- Fletcher, Roger. "Recent developments in West German Historiography: the Bielefeld School and its critics."
German Studies Review
(1984): 451-480.
in JSTOR
- Kaelble, Hartmut. "Social History in Europe,"
Journal of Social History, Special Issue: The Futures of Social History
37 (Fall 2003), pp. 29?35.
- Kocka, Jurgen. "Losses, Gains and Opportunities: Social History Today,"
Journal of Social History,
Volume 37, Number 1, Fall 2003, pp. 21?28
doi
:
10.1353/jsh.2003.0146
- Lorenz, Chris. "'Won't You Tell Me, Where Have All the Good Times Gone'? On the Advantages and Disadvantages of Modernization Theory for History."
Rethinking History
2006 10(2): 171-200.
ISSN
1364-2529
- Lorenz, Chris. "Beyond Good and Evil? The German Empire of 1871 and Modern German Historiography."
Journal of Contemporary History
1995 30(4): 729-765.
in Jstor
- Magnusson, Sigurður Gylfi. "Social History as 'Sites of Memory'? The Institutionalizaton of History: Microhistory and the Grand Narrative,"
Journal of Social History,
Volume 39, Number 3, Spring 2006, pp. 891?913
doi
:
10.1353/jsh.2006.0012
- Sperber, Jonathan. "Master Narratives of Nineteenth-century German History."
Central European History
1991 24(1): 69-91.
ISSN
0008-9389
- Stearns, Peter N. "Social History Present and Future,"
Journal of Social History, Special Issue: The Futures of Social History
37 (Fall 2003), pp. 9?20
- Wehler, Hans-Ulrich. "A Guide to Future Research on the Kaiserreich?"
Central European History
1996 29(4): 541-572.
ISSN
0008-9389