?????? ??? ???????

?????? ??? ???????
Thonis van Leeuwenhoek
????	24 ???????? 1632 ; ???? , ????????? ????????
?????	26 ??????? 1723 (???? 90) ; ???? , ????????? ????????
??? ????	????????
???? ??????	????????? ????????
???? ?????	???? ???
????? ??????	???? ????? ????????
?? ?? ?? ???	Barbara de Mey ( 29 ????? 1654 ??) ; Cornelia Swalmius ( 25 ????? 1671 ??)
?????? ???????
	???? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? .
?????

?????? ??? ?????????? (? ??????? : ‏ Antonie van Leeuwenhoek ^ⓘ‏ ^?‏‏; 24 ???????? 1632 ? 26 ??????? 1723 ) ??? ???? ? ???? ?????? , ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? .

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???? ? ???? ???? 1632 ??? ???? ???? ???? ^[1] ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? . ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? 16 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? , ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ???? 22 ?? ?????, ??? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ^[2] ??? ????, ???? ???? ????? ????, ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????. ^[3]

????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????. ?? ??? ?? ???????, ^[4] ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????. ?????, ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ^[2] ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ??????, ??? ????? ??? ? ?????? . ??????? ??? 1672, ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? . ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????, ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????. ^[5]

???? 1674 ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ????? 1676 ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ????. ???? 1680 ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????. ^[6] ?? ? ??????????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? animalcules ("???? ?????").

?????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? 250 (????? ???? ?????) ???????? ?????? ???? ?????. ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? , ???? ?? , ??????? ? ??? ??? . ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ? ????? ??? ? ????? ???????? .

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ??????????

???? ??, ? ?????? ??? ???????, 1632 ? 1723 , ???? " ????? ", 24 ???????? 2014
????? ????, ???? ????: ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? , ????? " ???? ???? ???? " ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? , 24 ???????? 2016
?????? ??? ??????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
???? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? (???????)
?????? ??? ??????? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)
?????? ?? ??????? , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ Antony van Leeuwenhoek
^ ¹ ² Ray Spangenburg, Diane K Moser, Diane K Moser, History Of Science , pages 117-118
^ Jeffrey C. Pommerville, I. Edward Alcamo, Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology , page 6
^ ?'???? ??? ?????, ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? , ???? ???? ???????, ‏20.1.24
^ Edward G. Ruestow, The Microscope in the Dutch Republic: The Shaping of Discovery , page 149
^ Jeffrey C. Pommerville, I. Edward Alcamo, Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology , page 8

[1] Antony van Leeuwenhoek

[היסטוריה-2] ¹ ² Ray Spangenburg, Diane K Moser, Diane K Moser, History Of Science , pages 117-118

[3] Jeffrey C. Pommerville, I. Edward Alcamo, Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology , page 6

[4] ?'???? ??? ?????, ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? , ???? ???? ???????, ‏20.1.24

[5] Edward G. Ruestow, The Microscope in the Dutch Republic: The Shaping of Discovery , page 149

[6] Jeffrey C. Pommerville, I. Edward Alcamo, Alcamo's fundamentals of microbiology , page 8

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

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