?????? ??????

?????? ??????????' ??????
Андрей Николаевич Туполев
????	29 ???????? 1888 ( ??????? ) ; Pustomazovo , ?????
?????	23 ?????? 1972 (???? 84) ; ?????? , ???"?
???? ?????	??? ?????? ?????????'??
???? ???????	??????????? ?????? ?"? ????? ??????? ( 1918 ) ; ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ;
??????	?????? ; ????? ????????????????? ?????? (?????) ;
????? ??????	??? ?????, ???? 1 ( 1943 ) ; ?????? ????? ????? ( 22 ??????? 1972 ) ; ???? ?????? ???????? ( 1964 ) ; ????? ???? ( 6 ??????? 1968 ) ; ????? ???? ( 3 ??????? 1953 ) ; ????? ???? ( 9 ??????? 1958 ) ; ????? ?? ????????? ???? ( 1954 ) ; ??? ?????, ???? 1 ( 1948 ) ; ??? ?????, ???? 1 ( 1952 ) ; ????? ?????? ( 1926 ) ; ??? ?????, ???? 1 ( 1949 ) ; ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ( 1947 ) ; ??? ?'??????? ( 1958 ) ; ?????? ??? ?? FAI ( 1958 ) ; ????? ???? ( 14 ?????? 1949 ) ; ????? ???? ( 6 ?????? 1949 ) ; ?????? ????? ????? ( 12 ????? 1957 ) ; ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ( 10 ????? 1945 ) ; ????? ???? ( 10 ??????? 1947 ) ; ????? ????? ??????? ( 26 ?????? 1971 ) ; ??? ???? ??????? ( 1972 ) ; ????? ???? ( 21 ??????? 1933 ) ; ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ( 22 ?????? 1933 ) ; ????? ??????? ???? 2 ( 19 ??????? 1944 ) ; ????? ??? ????? ( 13 ??????? 1936 ) ; ?????? ????? ????? ( 16 ??????? 1945 ) ; ????? ????? ????? ( 18 ??????? 1933 ) ; ????? ???? ( 16 ??????? 1945 ) ; ??? ???? ( 1957 ) ; ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? 1941?1945 ; ????? ???? ??????????? ;
??????	Alexei Tupolev
?????? ???????
?????

?????? ??????????' ?????? (? ????? : Андрей Николаевич Туполев ;‏ 29 ???????? ( ???? ???????? , 10 ??????? ???? ?????????? ) 1888 ? 23 ?????? 1972 ) ??? ????? ?????? ??????? . ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?-100 ??????, ??? 70 ???? ?????? ?????. ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? (8 ?????), ????? ???? ????? (??????), ????? ???? ??????????? (3 ?????), ??? ???? ?-5 ????? ??? ???? ??????? .

?????? ?????? ???? ? ??? ????? ??? . ??? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? . ???? 1908 ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ? ?????? . ???? 1909 ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?'??????? . ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? 1910 . ???? 1911 , ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? . ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?- 1918 ????????? ????.

???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ???? ????????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?'??????? , ????? ????? ???. ???? 1925 ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? "TB-1" ???? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????. ???? 1932 ??? ???? ???? "TB-3" ????????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?- 1937 . ?-1932 ???? ????? ???? "ANT-25" ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? . ?- 1934 ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? "????? ?????", ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? (??? ???? ????? 60 ??????).

?- 21 ???????? 1937 ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???. ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ???????. ?????? 1938 ????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ^[1]^[2]^[3] ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? 1940 ^[4]^[5]. ????? ??? 1938 ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????. ?-28 ???? 1940 ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?-15 ???? ????. ????? 1941 ??? ????? ????? ^[6] ?? ?? ???? 1955 ??? ???? ??? ????.

????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ^[7]. ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ?????? Tu-95 ????? ?????? ???? 1956 ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?-50 ??? ??? ??.

???? 1953 ???? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? . ?-1956 ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????.

?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ^[8]. ?? ???? ????? ?????? Tu-16 ???? ???? ??????? ?????? Tu-104 ?????? ?????? Tu-114 ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????.

????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????, ????? ??????? ????????, ???? ????? , ?????? ??? ? ????? ?????'??? .

?????? ?????? ???? ???? 1972 ????? ? ??? ?????? ?????????'?? ???????. ???? ??????, ????? ??? ???? "????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????".

????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????, ??? ????????, ??????', ??????-??-???, ???????, ????, ????, ????????, ?????, ????-????, ??????????, ???, ?????? ???, ?'???????, ?????, ?????, ???????, ?????, ?????????, ???????????, ???????.
???? 1973 ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? (??? 1992 - ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?.?. ??????).
???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????
???? 2018, ??? ?????? ????-????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?.?. ??????.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????? ??????

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????

??? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? , ????? ???? ??????
?????? ?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
?????? ?????? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ?????: ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? , ??? , 6 ??????? 1938
^ ???? ??????? ?????? ?"? ?????? , ???????? , 4 ?????? 1938
^ ??????? ?????? , ???????? , 22 ???? 1938
^ ?. ?????????, ??????? ???? ????? , ????? , 30 ????? 1940
^ ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? , ????? , 9 ?????? 1940
^ Tupolev: The Man and His Aircraft , pages 13-14
^ ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? , 5 ??????? 1943
^ ????"? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? , ???? , 7 ???? 1957

[1] ?????: ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? , ??? , 6 ??????? 1938

[2] ???? ??????? ?????? ?"? ?????? , ???????? , 4 ?????? 1938

[3] ??????? ?????? , ???????? , 22 ???? 1938

[4] ?. ?????????, ??????? ???? ????? , ????? , 30 ????? 1940

[5] ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? , ????? , 9 ?????? 1940

[6] Tupolev: The Man and His Aircraft , pages 13-14

[7] ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? , ???? , 5 ??????? 1943

[8] ????"? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? , ???? , 7 ???? 1957

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]