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?????? ?? ( ?????? : Ship of the line) ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? , ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?-18 ??? ???? ???? ?-19 . ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? , ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?-16 ? ??? ?-18 .

????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?-17 . ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????. ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ???????? ???? ???-??? ??? ??? ???. ?????, ????? ???? ?-17 ???? ?????, ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ???? ???? ????, ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???????, ?? ??? ???? ??? ?????, ?? ????? ???????. ?????, ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????, ????? ?????? ??????? ???? - ??????, ??????? ???????? - ??? ??????. ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? - ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????. ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ???; ??????? ?????? ?? ????, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??.

?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????; ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? 500 ??? ?? ???? ????. ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ?? , ? ????? , ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? cutlass, ?? ??? ?? ???.

??????? ?????? ??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???, ????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ???? ????, ??? ? ???? ?-12 , ?????? ???? ?????? ??? . ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??, ? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ? ????????? . ?? ? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ????? "??????" (castels). ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ????? ?? ????, ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????.

?? ??????? ?????? ???, ???? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? . ?? ??????? ???? ??????, ?? ??? ??? ??? ???????: ?????, ?? ??? ?????? ????, ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????; ????, ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??, ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????. ??? ??, ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????, ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????.

???? ?????? ??, ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????, ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? (??? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???? ??????? ????, ?????? ?????? boarding), ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??, ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ??????. ??? ?? ???, ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???, ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????, ??? ??????.

??????? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????, ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ?????, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????: ? ????? ?? ?????? . ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?????????, ???????? ??? 1600 ???? ?????? ???? ????? ? ?? ?????? . ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????, ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ????. ??????? ?? ??????? (?????? ?????? ???????? ????) ???? ??????. ?????? ???? ?-18 ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????.

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?? ???? ?-17 ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????????: ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ?? ????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?-17 ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ????? ? ?? ?????? ???? ? ?????? . ?? ?? ?????? ??, ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ??. ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???. ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????: ?????, ??? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???, ???, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????, ?????; ????, ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????, ????? ?????? ??????? - ??????, ??????? ????????, ??? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? (line of battle), ????? ??? ?????? ?? - ?????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??. ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????; ?? ???? ???? ?-18 ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????; ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ?????? ??????? ????. ?????, ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?-20 ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??.

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???? ?-17 ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ???? ???? ?-18 ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ???????, ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????. ??????, ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????: ?????? ????? ??? ??????? (two decker), ???? 50 ??????, ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?-17, ?? ???? ?-18 ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????; ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? 64 ?-90 ??????, ???? ???? ????? ?? ???; ??????? ????? 98 ?? 110 ??????, ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ??? ? ???????? . ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ?????? ?? 10 - 25 ?????? ??, ??? ?? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?-18.

?? ?? ?? ? ???? , ????? ? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??, ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? . ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? (??? ???? ???? ?????) ??? ??, ????? ???, ?? ???????? ?????. ???? ???, ????, ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????; ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????, ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? - ???????? ???????? - ??? ?????? ???.

?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????????? , ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? , ??? ?? ??? ?????? , ??? ??????? , ?????? ??? ?????? . ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????, ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? , ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ? ????? ???? , ?- 1850 .

?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? (?????? ?- 1847 ). ??????? ??? ????? (?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????), ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???????, ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????. ? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?-5800 ???, ????? ?????? ?? ? ??????? , ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ?-3,500 ???. ? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????, ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ????.

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????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? (???? ?? ????? ? 200 ??? ???? ???? ????). ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????, ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????, ??????? ???? - ??????? ????. ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????, ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? (??? 2 ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????).

???? ?????? ????, ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????: ?????? ??????, ?????? ???????, ????? ????? ??????? (gun deck), ??????? ?? ?????? ?????, ???? ????. ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ??????, ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??. ?????? ??????, ?? ????, ??? ?????? ?????????. ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? - ?????, ??????? ??????? - ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???. ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? (?????? ?????? raking), ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??.

????? ??????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???, ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? 6 ?????, 9 ?????, 12 ?????, 18, 24 ? - 32 ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? 42 ?????.

??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????, ????? ????, ???? ?????; ???? ??? ??????, round shot. ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????, ????????? ??????? ?????. ???? ?? ???? bar shot, ?????? ????? ????? ???????, ?????? ??????, ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???, ????? grape, ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???; ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????. ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ????? (quarterdeck), ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????, ???? ? ?????? (?? ??? ?? ???? ?????), ???????, ???????, ???'. ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? carronade. ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????, ???? ???? ??? ????? ? ???? ???? ??? ????; ?????, ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????. ????????? ??? ?????? ????? 42 ????? ??? ????; ????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? 68 ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???.

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