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1883
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9 ??????
1882
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1883
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1884
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19 ??????
1885
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?'???? ??????
, ???? ??? ??? 20 ?????? ?????? ?-250 ?????? ???????.
?-
26 ??????
1885, ???? ???? ????? ????, ?????? 50,000 ????? ????? ?? ?'????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????, ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????, ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ??????? ???, ??? ?????? ?'????, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??
??? ??????
??????. ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??.
?????? ??????, ?-
28 ??????
(??? ?????? ?-52 ?? ??????), ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????, ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?'???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.
????? ????? ????????? 1885?1898
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
?????? ?????? ?????? ???? 1898?1899
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
- ??? ????? ?
??? ?????????
- Barthorp, Michael. 1988.
The British Army on Campaign: 1816-1902 (4): 1882-1902
. London:
Osprey
- Featherstone, Donald. 1993.
Khartoum 1885: General Gordon's Last Stand
. Oxford: Osprey
- Featherstone, Donald. 1993.
Omdurman 1898: Kitchener's Victory in The Sudan
. London: Osprey
- Knight, Ian. 1989.
Queen Victoria's Enemies (2): Northern Africa
. London: Osprey
- Whitehouse, Howard. 1987.
Battle in Africa: 1879-1914
. Surrey, UK: Fieldbooks
- Wilkinson-Latham, Robert. 1976.
The Sudan Campaigns: 1881-1898
. Oxford: Osprey
- ^
?? ??????, ?-15 ????? ???? 1860?1875, ????? 400,000 ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????; Wilkinson-Latham, 1976, ??' 9
- ^
Wilkinson-Latham, 1976, ??' 10-11
- ^
Featherstone, 1993, ??' 25-27
- ^
????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????.