An tSeirbea-Chroitis

srpskohrvatski jezik , hrvatskosrpski jezik , хрватскосрпски ?език , српскохрватски ?език , хрватскосрпски , српскохрватски , hrvatskosrpski agus srpskohrvatski
Cineal	teanga , macraitheanga , teanga bheo agus teanga pholalarnach
Usaid
Cainteoiri duchais	19,000,000 (2022)
Stait	An Bhoisnia-Heirseagaivein , an tSeirbia , an Chroit agus Montaineagro
Aicmiu teangeolaioch
teanga dhaonna teangacha Ind-Eorpacha teangacha Bailt-Slavacha teangacha Slavacha teangacha Slavacha deisceartacha Western South Slavic (en)
Treithe
Coras scribhneoireachta	Gaj's Latin alphabet (en) , Serbian Cyrillic alphabet (en) , Aibitir Choireallach agus aibitir Laidineach
Staidear ag	Serbo-Croatian studies (en)
Coid
ISO 639 -1	sh
ISO 639-2	luach ar iarraidh
ISO 639-3	hbs
Glottolog	sout1528
Linguasphere	53-AAA-g
Ethnologue	hbs
ASCL	3507
IETF	sh

Seirbea-Chroitis no Croite-Sheirbis a thugtar ar an teanga ata a labhairt sa Chroit , sa tSeirbia , sa Boisnia-Heirseagaivein agus i Montaineagro . Sa chiall chung, ba i an tSeirbea-Chroitis an leagan caighdeanaithe a bhi in usaid oifigiuil san Iugslaiv sna blianta 1954 - 1991 , sa bhreis ar an t Sloiveinis agus ar an Mhacadoinis . Ta an teanga chaighdeanaithe seo bunaithe ar an gcanuint ud ?tokavski , go hairithe ar an leagan di ar a dtugtar novo?tokavski , is e sin, ?tokavski nua. Ce go bhfuil na Bosnaigh, na Seirbiaigh, na Crotaigh agus na Montaineigrinigh fein ag iarraidh caighdeain da gcuid fein a fhorbairt, nil siad ag iarraidh aon chanuint eile seachas an novo?tokavski a usaid mar dhushraith don chaighdean nua.

Dealraionn se gurbh e an teangeolai Sloiveanach Jernej Kopitar ba luaithe a bhain usaid as an tearma fein "Seirbea-Chroitis", ce gur feidir gurbh e an Slovacach Pavel Jozef ?afarik a cheadcheap an focal. Is e ainm eile a bhi in usaid san am na "Illiris", ach ta se nios coitianta "Illiris" a thabhairt ar an tseanteanga hipiteiseach as ar fhorbair an Albainis . Faoi lar na naou haoise deag , chaighdeanaigh na teangeolaithe Seirbiacha agus Crotacha an teanga in eineacht, ionas go mbeadh se indeanta usaid a bhaint as na litreacha Coireallacha agus Laidineacha araon leis an teanga a bhreacadh sios. Ba e an bealoideasoir Seirbiach Vuk Stefanovi? Karad?i? a bhi i gceannas ar an gcaighdeanu Coireallach, agus an Crotach Ljudevit Gaj agus an Seirbiach đuro Dani?i? a shocraigh an ceartlitriu Laidineach . Bhi se i gceist acu go mor mor go seasfadh gach litir Choireallach d'aon litir amhain sa leagan Laidineach agus a mhalairt, rud a fhagann go bhfuil leagan Seirbiach na haibitre Coireallai sach difriuil leis an leagan Ruiseach. Mar shampla, is mar Югославия a scriobhann na Ruisigh ainm na hIugslaive , ach is e ?угослави?а an leagan Seirbise . ( Jugoslavija an litriu Croitise.)

Is ar eigean a usaideann na cainteoiri fein an tearma sin "Seirbea-Chroitis" inniu, ach mar sin fein ta se praiticiuil "Seirbea-Chroitis" a thabhairt ar na leaganacha eagsula caighdeanacha ata bunaithe ar an gcanuint ud novo?tokavski .

Stor focal [ cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse ]

Sa stor focal is mo a aithnitear na difriochtai idir an tri theanga chaighdeanach inniu. An chuid is mo de na focail ata difriuil sna leaganacha caighdeanacha, afach, tuigeann cainteoiri na gcanuinti go leir iad.

Mar a duradh, ta an tri chaighdean bunaithe ar an mor chanuint ud "?tokavski", agus, le bheith beacht, ar an leagan de ar a dtugtar "novo?tokavski", is e sin, "?tokavski" nua. Sa chanuint seo, ni feidir an bheim a chur ar an siolla deireanach. Mar sin, izvini an focal ar "gabh mo leithsceal" sa Ruisis agus sa tSeirbea-Chroitis araon, ach is ar an dara siolla on deireadh ata an bheim sa tSeirbea-Chroitis ( izvini ), ce go bhfuil se ar an siolla deireanach ( izvini ) sa Ruisis.

Ta leaganacha eagsula den novo?tokavski fein ann, afach, agus is i an phriomhdhifriocht ata eatarthu na an guta a rinneadh den tseanghuta Slavach ar a dtugtar jatj no yat i dteanga an leinn Shlavaigh. Yat an t-ainm Ruisise ar an litir (nach n-usaidtear a thuilleadh) a sheas don ghuta seo in aibitir na Ruisise - ?. Creidtear gur [æː] a bhi ann ar dtus, is e sin, an guta a chloisfea san fhocal Gaeilge bean mar a fhuaimnitear i gConamara e. D'fhorbair an guta seo ar bhealai eagsula i gcanuinti difriula na Seirbea-Chroitise. I gcuid de na canuinti rinneadh defhoghar de a scriobhtar mar "je" no "ije"; tugtar "jekavski" no "ijekavski" ar na canuinti seo. Cuid eile aris, deanann siad "i" de, agus "ikavski" an tearma duchasach ar na canuinti seo. "Ekavski" a thugtar ar na canuinti a rinne gnath-"e" den ghuta.

Ni thugann caighdean ar bith aitheantas don "ikavski", canuint a chloistear ar chosta na Croite, in aiteanna cosuil le Dubrovnik. Glactar leis an da leagan, idir "ijekavski" agus "ekavski" sa tSeirbis (an dara leagan amhain a thaispeantar faoin "tSeirbis" sa tabla thuas), ach is e an leagan "ijekavski" an t-aon leagan a cheadaitear sa Chroitis agus sa Bhoisnis.

Tagairti [ cuir in eagar | athraigh foinse ]