On Vicipeid, an chiclipeid shaor.
Ta an tearma
calchas
[1]
bunaithe ar an ngiorruchan
Ruisise
колхоз
(
kolkhoz
) a thagann as na focail
коллекти?вное хозя?йство
(
kollektivnoye khozyaystvo
), a chiallaionn "eacnamaiocht chomhchoiteann". Mar sin, is feirm chomhsheilbhe e an calchas.
Sa bhreis ar na calchais, bhi a leitheidi agus
savchais
ann, is e sin, "
feirm
eacha Soiveadacha" no feirmeacha de chuid an Stait. Na hoibrithe a bhi ag obair ar na calchais, ni bhfaighidis de pha ach a gcuid fein de bharra na feirme. An chuid ba mho de na barra, afach, chaithfi iad a dhiol leis an stat ar phraghas reamhshocraithe.
Go bunusach, ni raibh moran difriochta idir eacnamaiocht na gcalchas agus an
seirf
eachas
feodach
, agus bhi coras na bpasanna inmheanacha i bhfeidhm a choisc ar na calchasoiri aistriu on tuath go dti an
chathair
. Mar sin, fagadh na calchasoiri "ceangailte den talamh" cosuil leis na seirfigh i re an fheodachais.
Bhi de chead ag na calchasoiri seilbh bheag talun a bheith acu chomh maith le cupla beithioch. Bhi fuath na ndaol ag muintir na tuaithe ar na calchais, ach ar a laghad, cheadaigh an tseilbh phriobhaideach doibh tuilleadh barr a shaothru a d'fheadfaidis a dhiol ar phraghas an mhargaidh, agus ba mhinic a thagadh an chuid ba mho da dteacht isteach as an tseilbh seo.
| Is
siol
e an t-alt seo.
Cuir leis
, chun cuidiu leis an
Vicipeid
.
Ma ta alt nios forbartha le fail i dteanga eile, is feidir leat aistriuchan
Gaeilge
a dheanamh.
|