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↑ Hanish, Shak (1 March 2010). "The Kirkuk Problem and Article 140 of the Iraqi Constitution: The Kirkuk Problem" . Digest of Middle East Studies . pp. 15?25. doi : 10.1111/j.1949-3606.2010.00002.x . Retrieved 15 November 2019 .
↑ "World Gazetteer" . World Gazetteer. 26 ?????? 2009. Archived from the original on 9 February 2013 . Retrieved 2009-01-26 .
↑ "?????.. ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????" (?? ????) . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .
↑ "?????? ????? ???????? Kerkuk" (?? ???? ? ????). 14 April 2015 . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .
↑ https://bnn.network/world/turkey/embracing-linguistic-diversity-turkish-recognized-as-an-official-language-in-kirkuk-iraq/
↑ https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iraqs-kirkuk-to-add-turkish-language-to-city-s-official-languages/2998095
↑ "Irak'ın Kerkuk kentindeki patlamalarda 16 ki?i yaralandı" . Anadolu Agency (?? ???? ?????????) . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .
↑ ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ????? ???? .
↑ https://www.radiofarda.com/a/f4_iraq_kurds_referendm_century/28751675.html
↑ Soldiers Help Preserve Archeological Sites By Sergeant Sean Kimmons
↑ Edward Balfour, Encyclopaedia Asiatica, p. 214, Cosmo Publications, 1976
↑ The Acts of Mar Mari the Apostle By Amir Harrak. p. 27.
↑ The World's Greatest Story: The Epic of the Jewish People in Biblical Times By Joan Comay . p. 384.
↑ ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ^{^{[
????? ????
]}}
↑ ≪Iraq's Policy of Ethnic Cleansing: Onslaught to change national/demographic characteristics of the Kirkuk Region by Nouri Talabany≫ (PDF) . ??????????? ?? ???? (PDF) ?? ?? ??????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? .
↑ ??????? ????: ??.
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Bruinessen, Martin van, and Walter Posch. 2005. Looking into Iraq ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? Wayback Machine . Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies.
↑ ^???? ^???? Bruinessen, Martin van, and Walter Posch. 2005
↑ ????? ??????? . ?. ???. ????????. ???? . ?. ???? .
↑ ^???? ^???? Understanding radical Islam: medieval ideology in the twenty-first century,Brian R. Farmer, page 154, 2007
↑ Anderson, Liam D.; Stansfield, Gareth R. V. (2009), Crisis in Kirkuk: The Ethnopolitics of Conflict and Compromise , University of Pennsylvania Press, p. 43, ISBN 0-8122-4176-2
↑ Human Rights Watch, "Iraq: forcible expulsion of ethnic minorities", Human Rights Watch Vol. 15 No. 3 (E), March 2003.
↑ ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????-????? ^{^{[
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]}}
↑ ≪Reuter, July 31 2011. Analysis: Kurds serve warning as U.S. withdrawal nears. ≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .
↑ http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Kirkuk.aspx#2
↑ http://www.com140.com/
↑ http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/kirkuks-article-140-expired-or-not
↑ http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1073445.html
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↑ [ http://www.kurdpress.com/Fa/NSite/FullStory/News/?Id=36676#Title= ?????%20?%20?????%20???????????%20???? ≪????? ? ????? ??????????? ????≫] ????? |?????= ?? ????? ???? ( ??? ) . ???????? ?????????? ??????-?? ???? ?? ??? ????. ??????? line feed character ?? |?????= ?? ?????? 66 ( ??? )

???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????
≪Kurdistan." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service. 2 June ????.
??? ???????: ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? .

?????????? [ ?????? ]

????? [ ?????? ]

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[1] Hanish, Shak (1 March 2010). "The Kirkuk Problem and Article 140 of the Iraqi Constitution: The Kirkuk Problem" . Digest of Middle East Studies . pp. 15?25. doi : 10.1111/j.1949-3606.2010.00002.x . Retrieved 15 November 2019 .

[2] "World Gazetteer" . World Gazetteer. 26 ?????? 2009. Archived from the original on 9 February 2013 . Retrieved 2009-01-26 .

[3] "?????.. ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????" (?? ????) . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .

[4] "?????? ????? ???????? Kerkuk" (?? ???? ? ????). 14 April 2015 . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .

[5] ttps://bnn.network/world/turkey/embracing-linguistic-diversity-turkish-recognized-as-an-official-language-in-kirkuk-iraq/

[6] ttps://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/iraqs-kirkuk-to-add-turkish-language-to-city-s-official-languages/2998095

[7] "Irak'ın Kerkuk kentindeki patlamalarda 16 ki?i yaralandı" . Anadolu Agency (?? ???? ?????????) . Retrieved 21 December 2019 .

[8] ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ????? ???? .

[9] ttps://www.radiofarda.com/a/f4_iraq_kurds_referendm_century/28751675.html

[10] Soldiers Help Preserve Archeological Sites By Sergeant Sean Kimmons

[11] Edward Balfour, Encyclopaedia Asiatica, p. 214, Cosmo Publications, 1976

[12] The Acts of Mar Mari the Apostle By Amir Harrak. p. 27.

[13] The World's Greatest Story: The Epic of the Jewish People in Biblical Times By Joan Comay . p. 384.

[14] ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ^{^{[
????? ????
]}}

[15] ≪Iraq's Policy of Ethnic Cleansing: Onslaught to change national/demographic characteristics of the Kirkuk Region by Nouri Talabany≫ (PDF) . ??????????? ?? ???? (PDF) ?? ?? ??????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? .

[16] ??????? ????: ??.

[Looking_into_Iraq-17] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? Bruinessen, Martin van, and Walter Posch. 2005. Looking into Iraq ??????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? Wayback Machine . Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies.

[ReferenceA-18] ???? ^???? Bruinessen, Martin van, and Walter Posch. 2005

[19] ????? ??????? . ?. ???. ????????. ???? . ?. ???? .

[Islam_page_154-20] ???? ^???? Understanding radical Islam: medieval ideology in the twenty-first century,Brian R. Farmer, page 154, 2007

[21] Anderson, Liam D.; Stansfield, Gareth R. V. (2009), Crisis in Kirkuk: The Ethnopolitics of Conflict and Compromise , University of Pennsylvania Press, p. 43, ISBN 0-8122-4176-2

[22] Human Rights Watch, "Iraq: forcible expulsion of ethnic minorities", Human Rights Watch Vol. 15 No. 3 (E), March 2003.

[23] ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????-????? ^{^{[
????? ????
]}}

[24] ≪Reuter, July 31 2011. Analysis: Kurds serve warning as U.S. withdrawal nears. ≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .

[25] ttp://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Kirkuk.aspx#2

[26] ttp://www.com140.com/

[27] ttp://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/kirkuks-article-140-expired-or-not

[28] ttp://www.rferl.org/content/article/1073445.html

[29] ???????? ???? ?????? ?????

[30] ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ? ????? ???? .

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[32] ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ???? ??????

[33] ?? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ? ????? ????

[34] ?????????? ????? ???? ? ??? ? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ? ????? ????

[35] ????? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ? ???????? ???????

[36] ???????: ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ^{^{[
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[37] ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ? ???????? ?????

[38] ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????

[39] [ http://www.kurdpress.com/Fa/NSite/FullStory/News/?Id=36676#Title= ?????%20?%20?????%20???????????%20???? ≪????? ? ????? ??????????? ????≫] ????? |?????= ?? ????? ???? ( ??? ) . ???????? ?????????? ??????-?? ???? ?? ??? ????. ??????? line feed character ?? |?????= ?? ?????? 66 ( ??? )

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