???? ????

???? ???? (?? ????? ???? ???? ) ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? (?? ??????? : New World ) ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[?] ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? (?? ????? ???? ????) ????? ???. ^[?] ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???. ? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ^[?]

?????? [ ?????? ]

???????? ???? ???? ? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ???? ???????.

?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??. ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????.

?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????.

???????? ?????? [ ?????? ]

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ "America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language ( ???? ‎???????????-X ). McArthur, Tom, ed. , 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 33: "[16c: from the feminine of Americus , the Latinized first name of the explorer Amerigo Vespucci (1454?1512). The name America first appeared on a map in 1507 by the German cartographer Martin Waldseemuller, referring to the area now called Brazil]. Since the 16c, a name of the western hemisphere, often in the plural Americas and more or less synonymous with the New World . Since the 18c, a name of the United States of America. The second sense is now primary in English: ... However, the term is open to uncertainties: ..."
↑ Mundus Novus: Letter to Lorenzo Pietro Di Medici , by Amerigo Vespucci; translation by George Tyler Northrup, Princeton University Press; 1916.
↑ M.H.Davidson (1997) Columbus Then and Now, a life re-examined. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press , p. 417)

[oxfordc-1] "America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language ( ???? ‎???????????-X ). McArthur, Tom, ed. , 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 33: "[16c: from the feminine of Americus , the Latinized first name of the explorer Amerigo Vespucci (1454?1512). The name America first appeared on a map in 1507 by the German cartographer Martin Waldseemuller, referring to the area now called Brazil]. Since the 16c, a name of the western hemisphere, often in the plural Americas and more or less synonymous with the New World . Since the 18c, a name of the United States of America. The second sense is now primary in English: ... However, the term is open to uncertainties: ..."

[2] Mundus Novus: Letter to Lorenzo Pietro Di Medici , by Amerigo Vespucci; translation by George Tyler Northrup, Princeton University Press; 1916.

[M.H.Davidson_1997_p.417-3] M.H.Davidson (1997) Columbus Then and Now, a life re-examined. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press , p. 417)

[?]

[?]

[?]