????????????

???????????? ?? ???????? ( ??????? : revanchisme ‎ ?? revanche ??????? "??????") ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???. ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? (?????) ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????. ^[?]

?????????? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??.

???????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???????????? ? ???????????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???. ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???. ??? ?????? ?? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????? (irredentism) ????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????-??? ????? ??? ?? ≪???????≫ ????. ^[?]

????????? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????. ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ≪???????? ????? ????≫ ????? ??????.

???????? ?????? [ ?????? ]

?????? [ ?????? ]

↑ Jay, Robert (1984). "Alphonse de Neuville's 'The Spy' and the Legacy of the Franco-Prussian War". Metropolitan Museum Journal . 19?20: 151?162. doi : 10.2307/1512817 . JSTOR 1512817 . S2CID 193058659 .
↑ Margaret Macmillan, The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (2013) ch 6

????? [ ?????? ]

?????????????? ?????????. ≪ Revanchism ≫. ?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ????.

??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???. ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????????? ??? ????.

[jay-1] Jay, Robert (1984). "Alphonse de Neuville's 'The Spy' and the Legacy of the Franco-Prussian War". Metropolitan Museum Journal . 19?20: 151?162. doi : 10.2307/1512817 . JSTOR 1512817 . S2CID 193058659 .

[2] Margaret Macmillan, The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (2013) ch 6

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