?????? ????

?????? ????
	????? ??????? ???????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ? ???? ???????-?????-????? ?... ?? ???.
???? ???	????? ???? (IQD)
??? ????	??? ??????
?????????? ?????	OPEC
????	?????? ?? ??? ??? ; ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ;
??????
?????	42,250,000 (2022)
????? ?????? ?????	$297.341 billion ( Nominal , 2022) ; $512.926 billion ( PPP , 2022) ;
????	47th (nominal, 2022) ; 48th (PPP, 2022) ;
??? ????? ?????? ?????	5.9% (2021) 9.5% (2022) ;
????? ????? ?????? ?????	$7,037.657 (2022) ; $?????????? ( ?????? ???? ???? , 2022 est.) ;
???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????	99th (nominal, 2021) ; 111th (PPP, 2021) ;
????? ?????? ????? ?? ???	??? ??????? : ???? ; ??? ????? : ??? ; ??? ????? : ????? ; (2017 est.) ;
???? ( CPI )	6.9% (2022)
????? ??? ?? ???	23% (2014 est.) ; 57.3% on less than $5.50/day (2012) ;
???? ????	29.5 ?? (2012)
???? ????? ??????	0.674 medium (2019) ( 120th ) ; 0.552 IHDI (2018) ;
????? ???	10,378,577 (2019) ; 36.4% employment rate (2017) ;
????? ??? ; ?? ???? ???	??? ??????? : ????? ; ??? ????? : ????? ; ??? ????? : ????? ; (2008 est.) ;
???????	13.0% (2017)
????? ????	petroleum , chemicals , textiles , leather , construction materials, food processing, fertilizer , metal fabrication/processing
???? ????? ????? ??? ? ???	172nd (below average, 2020)
????? ?????
??????	$92.77 billion (2018)
??????? ???????	crude oil 92%, crude materials excluding fuels, food and live animals
????? ???? ??????	??? 25.9% ; ??? 24.2% ; ??????? ????? 20.1% ; ??? ????? 8.69% ; ?????? ????? ?????? 7.79% ; ??????? 4.38% ; ????? 3.26% ; ?????? 1.64% ; ?????? ????? ???? 1.56% (2019) ;
??????	$56.84 billion (2018 est.)
??????? ???????	food , medicine , manufactures
????? ???? ??????	?????? ????? ???? 27.6% ; ????? 20.6% ; ??? 19% ; ??????? ????? 7.7% ; ??? 4.06% ; ??? ????? 3.91% ; ?????? ????? ?????? 2.43% ; ???? 1.59% ; ???? 1.49% ; ????? 1.3% (2019) ;
??? ???????????? ?????	$26.63 billion (2015 est.) ; Abroad: $2.109 billion (2015 est.) ;
???? ????	$47.113 billion (2022)
???? ???? ?????
???????? ?????	14.9% of GDP (2021 est.)
???? ?????	?3.056% (of GDP) (2021 est.)
???????	69.56 billion (2021 est.)
?????	89.65 billion (2021 est.)
??????? ???????	$700,000,000 (2017)
???? ???????	B- (Fitch, January 2022)
????? ?????	????:IncreasePositive $90.15 billion (2022 est.)
	???? ???? ???????: ????????????? ???? ?????? ??? ; ???? ??????? -??? ??????? ??????- ?? ???? ?????? ???

?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???. ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ????? ???? ? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????. ^[??] ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ????? -??????-??????(?????)- ??????? - ?????? ?... ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???. ^[??]

???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ??????? ????? ????????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ????. ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ? ????? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???. ?? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???. ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???. ??? ??? ?? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????????? ????? ? ????? ??. ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????_? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????. ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???. ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????. ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???. ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???. ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??? ? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??? ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ^[??]

???????? [ ?????? ]

???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ^[??].??? 99.7 ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? 43.8 ??????? ???? ?? ??? 2016 ????? ?? ???.?? ??? 1990 ?? 2003? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???. ?? ??? 2003? ??? ???? 7.4 ??????? ???? ?? ????? 7.6 ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???. ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2003 ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???. ?? ??? 2004? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? (?? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???)? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ?????. ?? ??? 2004? ???? ?????? ???? 21.7 ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? 5.2 ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??. ?? ??? 2003? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ? ???????? ?????. ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???. ?? ??? 2010? ?????? ?? 50.8 ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?? 45.2 ??????? ???? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 2009 ????? ????? ??: ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 2009 ????? ????? ??: ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ????? ^[??].?? ???? 2022? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ? ???? ?? 10??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???. ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ?????. ????? ? ???? ?? ?????? 2021 ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ^[??].

???????? ? ?????? [ ?????? ]

?? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?. ? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???????????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?. ? ???? ????? ????. ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ^[??] ? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???. ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????. ^[??]

????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ^[??] ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???. ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ???? ???. ^[??]

?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????. ^[??]

?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????. ^[??]

?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ????. ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ^[??]

???????? ?????? [ ?????? ]

????? [ ?????? ]

↑ "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019" . IMF.org . ????? ?????????? ??? . Retrieved 29 September 2019 .
↑ "World Bank Country and Lending Groups" . datahelpdesk.worldbank.org . ???? ????? . Retrieved 29 September 2019 .
↑ "Population, total - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2021" . IMF.org . International Monetary Fund . Retrieved 15 May 2021 .
↑ ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "The World Factbook" . CIA.gov . Central Intelligence Agency . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "Human Development Index (HDI)" . hdr.undp.org . HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme . Retrieved 11 December 2019 .
↑ "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)" . hdr.undp.org . HDRO (Human Development Report Office) ?????? ????? ??? ???? . Retrieved 11 December 2019 .
↑ "Labor force, total - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (national estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . ???? ????? . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
↑ "Ease of Doing Business in Iraq" . Doingbusiness.org . Retrieved 2017-01-25 .
↑ ^???? ^???? "Iraq: Exports, billion dollars" . 2018 . Retrieved 2022-02-03 .
↑ ^???? ^???? "Foreign trade partners of Iraq" . The Observatory of Economic Complexity . Retrieved 18 June 2021 .
↑ "Iraq Sovereign credit ratings - data, chart" . TheGlobalEconomy.com (?? ???????) . Retrieved 14 February 2022 .
↑ Hussein, Yasmin; Chopra, Toby (10 July 2022). "Iraq currency reserves expected to exceed $90 bln by year-end, finance minister" . Reuters (?? ???????). Archived from the original on 19 August 2013 . Retrieved 20 November 2022 .
↑ ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ? ???? ???? ???? Wayback Machine ???????? ????
↑ ???????? ??????
↑ ≪Inflation in Iraq≫ .
↑ ≪????≫ .
↑ ≪Iraq≫ . U.S. Department of State . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .
↑ "Iran-Iraq trade expected to reach $10b by late March" . Tehran Times (?? ???????). 2022-12-12 . Retrieved 2024-02-13 .
↑ ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .
↑ ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .
↑ ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .

[1] "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019" . IMF.org . ????? ?????????? ??? . Retrieved 29 September 2019 .

[2] "World Bank Country and Lending Groups" . datahelpdesk.worldbank.org . ???? ????? . Retrieved 29 September 2019 .

[3] "Population, total - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[IMFWEOIQ-4] ??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2021" . IMF.org . International Monetary Fund . Retrieved 15 May 2021 .

[CIAWFIZ-5] ??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? ^??? "The World Factbook" . CIA.gov . Central Intelligence Agency . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[6] "Poverty headcount ratio at $5.50 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[7] "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[8] "Human Development Index (HDI)" . hdr.undp.org . HDRO (Human Development Report Office) United Nations Development Programme . Retrieved 11 December 2019 .

[9] "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)" . hdr.undp.org . HDRO (Human Development Report Office) ?????? ????? ??? ???? . Retrieved 11 December 2019 .

[10] "Labor force, total - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[11] "Employment to population ratio, 15+, total (%) (national estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . World Bank . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[12] "Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate) - Iraq" . data.worldbank.org . ???? ????? . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .

[Wodurpdurpdurp_bacalacadurcadurcarld_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation-13] "Ease of Doing Business in Iraq" . Doingbusiness.org . Retrieved 2017-01-25 .

[The_Global_Economy-14] ???? ^???? "Iraq: Exports, billion dollars" . 2018 . Retrieved 2022-02-03 .

[OEC-15] ???? ^???? "Foreign trade partners of Iraq" . The Observatory of Economic Complexity . Retrieved 18 June 2021 .

[16] "Iraq Sovereign credit ratings - data, chart" . TheGlobalEconomy.com (?? ???????) . Retrieved 14 February 2022 .

[17] Hussein, Yasmin; Chopra, Toby (10 July 2022). "Iraq currency reserves expected to exceed $90 bln by year-end, finance minister" . Reuters (?? ???????). Archived from the original on 19 August 2013 . Retrieved 20 November 2022 .

[18] ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ? ???? ???? ???? Wayback Machine ???????? ????

[19] ???????? ??????

[20] ≪Inflation in Iraq≫ .

[21] ≪????≫ .

[22] ≪Iraq≫ . U.S. Department of State . ?????????? ?? ????-??-?? .

[23] "Iran-Iraq trade expected to reach $10b by late March" . Tehran Times (?? ???????). 2022-12-12 . Retrieved 2024-02-13 .

[petronet.ir-24] ???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ^???? ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .

[25] ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .

[26] ≪???? ????? ???≫ . ??????????? ?? ???? ?? ? ???? ???? . ?????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? .

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