US anti-abortion organization
Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America
(formerly
Susan B. Anthony List
) is an American
501(c)(4)
non-profit
[3]
organization that seeks to reduce and ultimately end abortion in the US,
[4]
by supporting
anti-abortion
politicians, primarily women,
[5]
through its SBA Pro-Life America Candidate Fund
political action committee
.
[6]
[7]
Founded in 1993 by sociologist and psychologist
Rachel MacNair
, the SBA List was a response to the success of the
abortion rights
group
EMILY's List
, which was partly responsible for bringing about the 1992 "
Year of the Woman
", in which a significant number of women who favored abortion rights were elected to Congress. MacNair wished to help anti-abortion women gain high public office.
MacNair recruited
Marjorie Dannenfelser
and Jane Abraham as the first experienced leaders of SBA List. Dannenfelser is now president of the organization and Abraham is chairwoman of the board. Named for suffragist
Susan B. Anthony
, SBA List identifies itself with Anthony and several 19th-century women's rights activists. SBA List argues that Anthony and other early feminists were opposed to abortion, a view that
has been challenged
by scholars and abortion-rights activists. Anthony scholar
Ann D. Gordon
and Anthony biographer
Lynn Sherr
write that Anthony "spent no time on the politics of abortion".
[8]
Founding
[
edit
]
The formation of the SBA List was catalyzed in March 1992 when Rachel MacNair, head of
Feminists for Life
, watched a
60 Minutes
television documentary profiling
IBM
heiress
Ellen Malcolm
and the successful campaign-funding activities of her
Democratic
abortion-rights group
EMILY's List
.
[9]
[10]
MacNair, a
peace activist
and anti-abortion activist, was motivated to organize the Susan B. Anthony List for the purpose of countering EMILY's List by providing early campaign funds to anti-abortion women candidates.
[1]
[9]
Led by FFL and MacNair, 15 anti-abortion groups formed an umbrella organization, the National Women's Coalition for Life (NWCL), which adopted a joint anti-abortion statement on April 3, 1992.
[11]
Also inspired by EMILY's List, in 1992, the
WISH List
was formed to promote
Republican
candidates who favored abortion rights.
[12]
In November 1992, after many of the candidates who favored abortion rights won their races to create what was termed the "
Year of the Woman
", MacNair announced the formation of the SBA List, describing its purpose as endorsing and supporting women who held anti-abortion beliefs without regard to party affiliation.
[13]
MacNair determined to challenge the EMILY's List and the WISH List notion that the top female politicians primarily supported abortion rights.
[14]
[15]
She said the SBA List would not support right-wing political candidates. "We want good records on women's rights ? probably not
Phyllis Schlafly
".
[13]
The NWCL sponsored the SBA List with $2,485 to create it as a
political action committee
(PAC)
[16]
[17]
[18]
on February 4, 1993, listing MacNair as the first secretary; the group operated out of MacNair's office inside a
crisis pregnancy center
on East 47th Street in
Kansas City, Missouri
.
[18]
[19]
[20]
The first SBA List public event was held the same month at the Washington, D.C., headquarters of the
National Woman's Party
.
[21]
Organized by founding board member Susan Gibbs, the "kickoff" event raised "more than $9000".
[22]
Susan B. Anthony and early feminist connection
[
edit
]
MacNair named the SBA List after the famous
suffragist
,
Susan B. Anthony
.
[23]
The leaders of the SBA List say that Anthony was "passionately
pro-life
".
[24]
[25]
The portrayal of Susan B. Anthony as a passionate opponent of abortion has been subject to a
modern-day dispute
. The
National Susan B. Anthony Museum and House
said, "The List's assertions about Susan B. Anthony's position on abortion are historically inaccurate."
[26]
Anthony scholar
Ann D. Gordon
and Anthony biographer
Lynn Sherr
said that "Anthony spent no time on the politics of abortion. It was of no interest to her."
[8]
According to Marjorie Dannenfelser, president of the SBA List, Anthony "referred to abortion as 'the horrible crime of child murder
'
".
[27]
[28]
Gordon and Sherr said the "child-murder" quote attributed to Anthony actually appeared in an article written anonymously by someone else and that other quotes attributed to Anthony have been misattributed or taken out of context.
[29]
Gordon said that Anthony "never voiced an opinion about the sanctity of fetal life ... and she never voiced an opinion about using the power of the state to require that pregnancies be brought to term".
[29]
The Anthony Museum and House provided evidence for the idea that the author of the "child-murder" article was a man.
[30]
History
[
edit
]
Early activities and re-organization
[
edit
]
Founding board member Susan Gibbs, later the communications director for the
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington
, said, of the early years for the SBA List, "None of us had political experience. None of us had PAC experience. We just had a passion for being pro-life."
[21]
Shortly after its founding, experienced political activists
Marjorie Dannenfelser
and then
Jane Abraham
were brought on board ? Dannenfelser served as executive director, leading the organization from her home in
Arlington, Virginia
.
[31]
In 1994, the SBA List was successful in helping 8 of its 15 selected candidates gain office.
[21]
In 1996, only two challengers who were financially backed were elected, while five SBA-List-supported incumbents retained their positions, a disappointing election for the group.
[9]
[21]
In 1997, the SBA List was re-organized by Dannenfelser and Abraham into its current form as a 501(c)(4) non-profit organization with a connected PAC, the SBA List Candidate Fund.
[6]
Abraham became president and Dannenfelser held the position of chairwoman of the board.
[32]
The rules for endorsing and financially supporting candidates were tightened: in addition to the politician having to be female, she must have demonstrated an anti-abortion record (a simple declaration was not enough), and she must be seen as likely to win her race.
[9]
In 1998, the SBA List began backing male anti-abortion candidates as well, endorsing three men in a pilot program.
[21]
One of the three won election to office: Republican
Peter Fitzgerald
who received $2,910 from the SBA List to assist him in his $12.3 million win over Democrat
Carol Moseley Braun
in a
battle for the U.S. Senate seat in Illinois
.
[33]
[34]
[35]
Abraham served as president from 1997 until 2006 when Dannenfelser became president.
In 2000 the SBA List contributed $25,995 to its favored candidates, in contrast to the WISH List and EMILY's List, which contributed $608,273 and $20 million, respectively, to their favored candidates.
[36]
[37]
Recent history
[
edit
]
Contributions from supporters grew by 50% from 2007 to 2009.
[38]
As of December 2009, the SBA List had outspent the
National Organization for Women
in every election cycle since 1996.
[39]
Former Congresswoman
Marilyn Musgrave
joined the SBA List in March 2009 and works as a project director and spokesperson.
[40]
The organization tried to keep abortion coverage out of any
health care reform legislation
in 2009 and 2010.
[41]
It had targeted
Senator
Bob Casey
to ensure abortion was not covered in the
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
(PPACA),
[42]
[43]
and lobbied for the
Stupak-Pitts Amendment
to
H.R. 3962
.
[
citation needed
]
The group criticized Senator
Ben Nelson
for what it called a "fake compromise" on abortion in the PPACA
[44]
and condemned the
Christmas Eve
passage of the Senate bill.
[45]
The group had planned to honor Rep.
Bart Stupak
(D-MI) at its March gala, but after Stupak's deal with President Obama, in which Obama would issue an
executive order
banning federal funding for abortion under the bill,
[46]
Stupak was stripped of his "Defender of Life Award" three days before the gala because of the SBA List's doubts, shared by the most prominent anti-abortion groups, about the effectiveness of the Executive Order.
[47]
[48]
Stupak had told Dannenfelser, "They [the Democratic leadership] know I won't fold. There is no way."
[49]
On the day of the vote, Dannenfelser said she promised Stupak that the SBA List was "going to be involved in your defeat".
[49]
In a statement, Dannenfelser said, "We were planning to honor Congressman Stupak for his efforts to keep abortion-funding out of health care reform. We will no longer be doing so...Let me be clear: any representative, including Rep. Stupak, who votes for this health care bill can no longer call themselves 'pro-life.'"
[46]
No one received the award in his place, and Dannenfelser instead used the occasion to condemn Stupak.
[50]
The group dropped its plans to help Stupak fend off a primary challenge
[50]
from Connie Saltonstall, who decided to challenge Stupak on the basis of his anti-abortion views.
[51]
Stupak later dropped out of the race, announcing his retirement from Congress.
[52]
In 2010, the SBA List hosted events featuring prominent anti-abortion political figures as speakers, including Sarah Palin,
Minnesota Governor
Tim Pawlenty
and Rep.
Michele Bachmann
.
[53]
[54]
In August 2010, to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the ratification of the
19th Amendment
, which granted women the right to vote, the SBA List held a colloquium with five scholars at the
Yale Club of New York City
, billed as "A Conversation on Pro-Life Feminism".
[55]
[56]
An SBA List project, "Votes Have Consequences", was headed by former Congresswoman
Marilyn Musgrave
and was aimed at defeating vulnerable candidates in 2010 whom they considered insufficiently anti-abortion, for instance those who supported health care reform.
[57]
In January 2011, along with
Americans for Tax Reform
and
The Daily Caller
, the organization sponsored a debate between candidates for chair of the
Republican National Committee
.
[58]
Peter Roff writing for
U.S. News & World Report
credited the SBA List for the passage in the House of an amendment to defund
Planned Parenthood
of federal dollars for fiscal year 2011.
[59]
Writing for
In These Times
, feminist author
Jude Ellison Sady Doyle
wrote that in striving against
Planned Parenthood
, the SBA List registered its priority as ending abortion rather than helping women prevent unwanted pregnancies.
[60]
In March 2011, the SBA List teamed with
Live Action
for a bus tour through 13 congressional districts either thanking or condemning their representatives for their votes to defund Planned Parenthood of tax dollars in the Pence Amendment. In response, Planned Parenthood launched its own tour to follow the SBA List bus.
[61]
The SBA List also bought $200,000 in radio and television ads backing six Republicans who voted to defund Planned Parenthood in response to a $200,000 ad buy by Planned Parenthood against the Pence Amendment.
[62]
In July 2011, the SBA List held a rally in
New Hampshire
supporting the
New Hampshire Executive Council
's decision to cut off state funding for Planned Parenthood.
[63]
The SBA List has lobbied for passage of the Pain Capable Unborn Child Protection Act, a federal bill which would ban abortions after 20 weeks.
[64]
Also in 2011, the SBA List founded the Charlotte Lozier Institute. Named after
Charlotte Denman Lozier
, the institute has served as the SBA List's research and education institute ever since.
[65]
[66]
In May 2018, President Donald Trump addressed the SBA List's 11th Annual Campaign for Life Gala, becoming the first sitting president to address the group.
[67]
[68]
[69]
In his address, Trump asked listeners to "vote for life".
[70]
Strategies
[
edit
]
The SBA List employs many strategies in order to attract the public to its mission. Lawyer and Scholar Tali Leinwand explains that the SBA List encourages Republicans not to endorse personhood amendments, and attempts to link the anti-abortion movement to less controversial causes like opposition to the Affordable Care Act.
[71]
These strategies, Leinwand argues, attempt to de-stigmatize the anti-abortion movement.
[71]
Charlotte Lozier Institute
[
edit
]
Founded in 2011,
[65]
the Charlotte Lozier Institute (sometimes shortened to the Lozier Institute or CLI) is SBA List's research and education arm.
[66]
Named after
Charlotte Denman Lozier
, it is based in
Arlington, Virginia
.
[72]
Charles Donovan serves as its president,
[73]
[74]
while James Studnicki is its director of data analytics.
[72]
[74]
In 2021, the group filed an
amicus brief
in
Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization
, a Supreme Court case over a 2018 Mississippi state law banning most abortions after 15 weeks.
[75]
CLI argued that research has shown fetuses can feel pain as early as the second trimester of pregnancy, and states have legitimate interests in "preventing the infliction of great pain and even death on a conscious human being," and so the Mississippi law should be found constitutional.
[75]
The Supreme Court ultimately ruled that the Constitution does not guarantee a right to abortion.
[76]
In 2023, research from CLI was cited in Judge
Matthew J. Kacsmaryk
's ruling in
Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine v. FDA
, a lawsuit challenging the Food and Drug Administration's approval of
mifepristone
, a drug used in medication abortions.
[72]
The now-retracted study, authored by James Studnicki, claimed that more than one-fourth of women on Medicaid who were prescribed abortion medication between 1999 and 2015 went to an emergency room within 30 days.
[77]
The study was
retracted
in 2024 based on several factors, including unsupported assumptions, misleading presentation of data, and lack of scientific rigor. In addition, the retraction cited undisclosed conflicts of interest, as one of the peer reviewers was affiliated with CLI and all but one of the authors had undeclared affiliations with CLI or other anti-abortion advocacy organizations.
[78]
As part of the investigation, two other studies by Studnicki from 2021 and 2022 were also retracted over fundamental errors in study design, analysis, and data presentation, and an undisclosed conflict of interest from the same peer reviewer.
[78]
Elections
[
edit
]
2006 elections
[
edit
]
The 2006 midterm elections were moderately successful for the SBA list. Twenty-one out of 38 endorsed candidates won their contests, for a success rate of 55%
[79]
2008 presidential election
[
edit
]
The SBA List gained renewed attention during the
2008 presidential election
following
Sarah Palin
's nomination for
Vice President
. In 2008, the SBA List also started a
social networking service
and blog called "Team Sarah", which is "dedicated to advancing the values that Sarah Palin represents in the political process".
[80]
Palin headlined the organization's 2010 "Celebration of Life" breakfast fundraiser, an event which got extensive media coverage and in which she coined the term "
mama grizzly
".
[81]
[82]
[83]
[84]
According to
Politico
, Palin's criteria for endorsing candidates is whether they have the support of the
Tea Party movement
and whether they have the support of the SBA List.
[85]
2009 elections
[
edit
]
In the
2009 special election
to fill the vacant House seat for the
New York's 23rd congressional district
in
upstate New York
, the group endorsed
Doug Hoffman
, the candidate of the
Conservative Party of New York
, over the Republican candidate,
Dede Scozzafava
, who favors abortion rights.
[86]
[87]
The SBA List spent over $100,000 on Hoffman's behalf,
[88]
joining with the
National Organization for Marriage
and other socially conservative groups in supporting Hoffman's campaign.
[89]
2010 elections
[
edit
]
For the 2010 elections, the SBA List planned to spend $6 million
[90]
(including $3 million solely on
U.S. Senate
races
[91]
) and endorsed several dozen candidates.
[92]
The SBA List spent nearly $1.7 million on
independent expenditure
campaigns for or against 50 candidates.
[93]
The SBA List conducted a 23-city bus tour to the Congressional districts of self-described "pro-life" Democrats in
Ohio
,
Indiana
and
Pennsylvania
who voted for the health care reform bill and to rally supporters to vote them out.
[94]
[95]
[96]
The bus tour attracted counterprotests at some stops, such as one in Pennsylvania where a group called
Catholics United
accused the SBA List of lying about health care reform.
[97]
The organization launched a "Life Speaking Out" petition to urge the Republican Party to include opposition to abortion in its
Pledge to America
.
[98]
The petition was sent with over 20,000 signatures on it.
[99]
[100]
In the
California Senate race
, the group endorsed
Carly Fiorina
against incumbent Senator
Barbara Boxer
,
[101]
and spent slightly under $235,000 in
independent expenditures
in support of Fiorina.
[102]
The SBA List partnered with the
National Organization for Marriage
to air
Spanish-language
TV commercials attacking Boxer's positions on abortion and gay marriage.
[103]
[104]
However, Boxer prevailed over Fiorina in the November 2010 election.
[105]
Other notable endorsements included
Sharron Angle
, who unsuccessfully
[106]
challenged
incumbent
Senate Majority Leader
Harry Reid
in
Nevada
; the SBA List endorsed Angle despite having previously endorsed Angle's
primary
opponent,
Sue Lowden
.
[107]
In September 2010, the SBA List launched a $150,000 campaign on behalf of
New Hampshire
Senate candidate
Kelly Ayotte
for the
Republican primary
.
[108]
Ayotte won the primary to become the nominee,
[109]
and later prevailed in the general election.
[110]
In October 2010, the SBA List endorsed
Joe Miller
, Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in Alaska.
[111]
The SBA List endorsed Miller after Sen.
Lisa Murkowski
decided to stage a write-in campaign after losing the
Republican primary
to Miller, and they launched a $10,000 radio campaign to air ads attacking Murkowski for turning a "deaf ear" to the will of voters who voted her out in the primary.
[112]
Murkowski defeated Miller, who conceded after two months of court battles over contested ballots.
[113]
Driehaus political ad litigation
[
edit
]
In the 2010 campaign, the organization purchased
billboard
advertisements in the district of Rep.
Steve Driehaus
of Ohio that showed a photo of Driehaus and intoned,
"Shame on Steve Driehaus! Driehaus voted FOR taxpayer-funded abortion"
[114]
The advertisement referred to Driehaus's vote in favor of the health care overhaul bill.
[115]
The SBA List has taken the position that the legislation in question allows for taxpayer-funded abortion, a claim which was ruled by a judge to be factually incorrect.
[116]
In response, Driehaus, who represented Ohio's heavily anti-abortion
[114]
1st congressional district
, filed a complaint with the Ohio Elections Commission (OEC), saying the advertisements were false and violated Ohio election law.
[117]
The OEC ruled in Driehaus' favor in a probable cause hearing on October 14, 2010.
[118]
In response, the SBA List asked a federal judge to issue an injunction against the OEC on the grounds that the law at issue stifles free speech
[117]
[119]
and that its ads were based on the group's own interpretation of the law.
[116]
The
ACLU
of Ohio filed an 18-page
amicus brief
on the SBA List's behalf, arguing that the Ohio law in question is "unconstitutionally vague" and has a "chilling" effect on the SBA List's right to
freedom of speech
.
[120]
[121]
A federal judge rejected the SBA List's federal lawsuit on
abstention
grounds and allowed Driehaus's OEC complaint to move forward.
[115]
[122]
After the OEC complaint was filed, the SBA List began airing a radio ad in Driehaus's district in which Dannenfelser stated that the group "[would] not be silenced or intimidated" by Driehaus's legal action.
[123]
Driehaus persuaded the billboard company to withdraw the SBA List's advertisement, which was never erected. Driehaus lost the seat to
Steve Chabot
, the incumbent whom Driehaus had defeated two years earlier, in the November general election. Driehaus sued the SBA List in a second case on December 3, 2010, accusing the organization of
defamation
that caused him a "loss of livelihood".
[124]
The List continued to seek to have the law in question overturned; the ACLU joined in the organization's fight against the law.
[125]
On August 1, 2011, judge
Timothy Black
dismissed the SBA List's challenge to the Ohio law, holding that the federal court lacked jurisdiction since the billboards were never erected and the OEC never made a final ruling
[126]
and denied a
motion for summary judgment
by the List in the defamation case, allowing Driehaus's defamation claims regarding other SBA List statements to go forward.
[127]
Black also directed the SBA List to desist from claiming on its website that the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) subsidized abortion as the law does not directly mention abortion.
[128]
SBA List argued that its statements were opinions and were thus protected, but the court rejected this argument given that SBA List itself had claimed that this was a "fact".
[129]
[130]
On August 19, 2011, the SBA List appealed the decision on the Ohio law to the
Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals
.
[131]
In May 2013, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the SBA List could not challenge the law under the First Amendment.
[132]
On August 9, 2013, the SBA List petitioned the
United States Supreme Court
to review the law.
[133]
[134]
On January 10, 2014, the Supreme Court accepted the case. The Court heard the case on April 22, 2014.
[135]
On June 16, 2014, the
United States Supreme Court
ruled 9?0 in SBA List's favor, allowing them to proceed in challenging the constitutionality of the law.
[136]
On September 11, 2014, Judge
Timothy Black
of the
United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio
struck down the law as unconstitutional.
[137]
Black said in his ruling, "We do not want the government (i. e., the Ohio Elections Commission) deciding what is political truth ? for fear that the government might persecute those who criticize it. Instead, in a democracy, the voters should decide."
[138]
2011 elections
[
edit
]
In October 2011, the SBA List announced it would involve itself in the
2011 Virginia state Senate elections
, endorsing challengers Bryce Reeves against
Edd Houck
,
Caren Merrick
against
Barbara Favola
for an open seat, Patricia Phillips against
Mark Herring
, and incumbent Sen.
Jill Vogel
in an effort to flip control of the state Senate, which the group described as a "graveyard for pro-life legislation".
[139]
It also announced it was spending $25,000 against Sen.
Edd Houck
to expose his "extreme record on abortion".
[140]
Merrick and Phillips lost, but Vogel won re-election and Reeves defeated Houck by just 222 votes.
[141]
2012 presidential election
[
edit
]
In 2011, the SBA List began to ask
2012 Republican presidential candidates
to sign a pledge to appointing only anti-abortion judicial nominees and cabinet members, preventing taxpayer funding of abortion, and supporting legislation to ban abortions after 20 weeks of pregnancy based on the
fetal pain
concept.
[142]
Candidates
Rick Perry
,
Tim Pawlenty
,
Michele Bachmann
,
Newt Gingrich
,
Rick Santorum
,
Thaddeus McCotter
,
Herman Cain
, and
Ron Paul
all signed the pledge, but
Mitt Romney
,
Jon Huntsman, Jr.
, and
Gary Johnson
declined. Romney's refusal (he said the pledge might have "unintended consequences") sparked heated criticism from the SBA List, some of the other candidates, and political observers given Romney's past support for legalized abortion.
[142]
[143]
[144]
Huntsman said he would not sign any pledges from political groups during the campaign
[145]
and was criticized by the SBA List as well.
[145]
Cain initially said he agreed with the first three parts, but objected to the wording in the pledge which said he would have to "advance" the fetal pain bill; he said he would sign it but Congress would have to advance it.
[146]
Cain later signed the pledge in November 2011.
[147]
Johnson, who supports abortion rights, declined.
In August 2011, the SBA List, along with the
Family Research Council
and
National Organization for Marriage
, conducted a "Values Voter Bus Tour" in
Iowa
ahead of the
Iowa Straw Poll
.
[148]
Candidates Pawlenty, Bachmann, and Santorum and other Republican elected officials, including
Iowa Lt. Gov.
Kim Reynolds
and Reps.
Steve King
and
Louie Gohmert
, joined.
[148]
[149]
The SBA List endorsed Rick Santorum for the nomination,
[150]
spending $512,000 on his behalf.
[151]
After Mitt Romney became the presumptive nominee for the Republican Party, the SBA List declared that former Secretary of State
Condoleezza Rice
was unqualified for vice president due to her describing herself as "mildly pro-choice".
[152]
[153]
In August, SBA released an ad featuring anti-abortion activist Melissa Ohden who says she survived an abortion in 1977. The ad criticized
Barack Obama
, saying that while serving in the
Illinois Senate
, he voted four times to deny medical care to infants
born alive
during failed abortion procedures.
[154]
[155]
In a 2008 analysis,
FactCheck
drew a mixed conclusion overall, finding both the SBA List and Obama had made misleading and/or inaccurate comments regarding Obama's voting record on the topic in question while he served in the
United States Senate
.
[154]
[156]
2013 Virginia gubernatorial election
[
edit
]
The SBA List made the
2013 Virginia gubernatorial election
a priority for 2013, endorsing
Ken Cuccinelli
and pledging to spend $1.5 million in the election through its Virginia PAC,
Women Speak Out
. Cuccinelli was defeated narrowly in the general election by Democratic nominee
Terry McAuliffe
.
[157]
[158]
2014 elections
[
edit
]
The SBA List sought to spend $8 million to $10 million on elections in 2014.
[159]
2016 elections
[
edit
]
The SBA List spent $18 million in the
2016 elections
.
[160]
2017 elections
[
edit
]
SBAL endorsed
Karen Handel
in the
June 2017 special election for Georgia's 6th congressional district
, spending $90,000 to support Handel.
[161]
2018 elections
[
edit
]
The SBA List typically endorses Republicans, but in 2018 they endorsed Democrat
Dan Lipinski
in a primary election against his challenger,
Marie Newman
, who favors abortion rights. The SBA List spent six figures on direct mail and other advertising for Lipinski in his
primary
, and sent a 70-person canvassing team to turn out voters for Lipinski.
[162]
[163]
Lipinski is one of the few Democrats left that the group considers an ally, and Dannenfelser called him "a pro-life hero of legendary courage and integrity".
[164]
[162]
After Lipinski voted against the Affordable Care Act due to concerns over taxpayer funding of abortion, the group told him "that they would always be there to fight for him if he ever came under fire".
[164]
Lipinski won the primary by roughly 2,000 votes, and the SBA List, which knocked on 17,000 doors in the district to support Lipinski,
[165]
was credited with helping him win.
[166]
[164]
2022 rebranding
[
edit
]
In June 2022, the group rebranded as Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America. The new name is intended to parallel the name of
NARAL Pro-Choice America
.
[167]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
Kennedy, Angela (1997).
Swimming against the tide: feminist dissent on the issue of abortion
. Open Air. p. 117.
ISBN
1-85182-267-4
.
Rachel MacNair ...is the founder of the Susan B. Anthony List...
- ^
"People At"
. Susan B. Anthony List. Archived from
the original
on January 30, 1998
. Retrieved
August 23,
2011
.
- ^
"SUSAN B ANTHONY LIST INC - GuideStar Profile"
.
www2.guidestar.org
. Archived from
the original
on 2021-03-06
. Retrieved
2010-08-02
.
- ^
"SBA List Mission: Advancing, Mobilizing and Representing Pro-Life Women"
. Susan B. Anthony List. Archived from
the original
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External links
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