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1980 Soviet crewed spaceflight to Salyut 6
Soyuz T-2
(
Russian
:
Союз T-2
,
Union T-2
) was a 1980
Soviet
crewed space flight to the
Salyut 6
space station
. It was the 12th mission to and 10th successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz T-2 crew were the second to visit the long-duration
Soyuz 35
resident crew.
Soyuz T-2 carried
Yury Malyshev
and
Vladimir Aksyonov
into space. A mission lasting under four days, its primary purpose was to perform a crewed test of the new
Soyuz-T
spacecraft.
Crew
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Backup crew
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Mission highlights
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When the visiting
Soyuz 36
Intercosmos
crew departed Salyut 6 on 3 June 1980 and the remaining
resident crew
almost immediately redocked the Soyuz craft left behind, observers speculated the secretive Soviets were possibly planning a second Intercosmos mission. The failure of
Soyuz 33
the year before had forced the Soviets to juggle their launch schedule.
[1]
A launch indeed was soon in the offing, but not the predicted mission. Soyuz T-2 was launched 5 June with
Yury Malyshev
and
Vladimir Aksyonov
on what turned out to be the first crewed mission of the new
Soyuz T
variant.
[1]
The craft had new engine systems and could launch three cosmonauts. Additionally, the Soyuz was equipped with a new Argon computer which controlled docking and reentry procedures.
[2]
As the craft approached Salyut 6, solar cells, re-introduced to the Soyuz, were tested. The approach was completed automatically, while the final 180 metres were achieved manually on 6 June. The Argon docking computer had failed, leaving the craft perpendicular to the station.
[2]
The computer failure was later explained as being caused by the crew and controllers failing to have practiced the particular approach the computer chose. The crew had therefore chosen to dock manually to be safe; the computer would have successfully docked if allowed to, said the Soviets.
[2]
However, failures during the automatic approach was a recurring problem in future Soyuz T missions.
[1]
During their short stay, Malyshev and Aksyonov seemed to have carried out a minimum of experiments, including participating in some medical tests and using the Salyut's MKF-6M camera.
[1]
[2]
They undocked in the craft they arrived on only two days after first greeting the resident crew.
[1]
[2]
As they left, the Salyut turned around and the Soyuz T-2 crew photographed and visually inspected the space station.
[2]
The Soyuz then departed and landed about three hours later.
[2]
See also
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References
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Past missions
(by spacecraft type)
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Current missions
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Uncrewed missions are designated as
Kosmos
instead of
Soyuz
; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions.
Italics
designates cancelled missions.
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
underline
. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
italics
. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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