From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Writing system
As
of
Obulco
, 175 BC - 126 BC.
On this coin, while the obverse has a legend "OBVLCO" in
Latin script
, the reverse reads:
"ORCaILV" and:
"NTuSTuLDuCo" (names of local magistrates) in Iberian script.
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
The
southeastern Iberian script
, also known as
Meridional Iberian
, was one of the means of written expression of the
Iberian language
, which was written mainly in the
northeastern Iberian script
and residually by the
Greco-Iberian alphabet
. About the relation between northeastern Iberian and southeastern Iberian scripts, it is necessary to point out that they are two different scripts with different values for the same signs; however it is clear that they had a common origin and the most accepted hypothesis is that northeastern Iberian script derives from southeastern Iberian script. In fact, the southeastern Iberian script is very similar, both considering the shape of the signs or their values, to the
Southwestern script
used to represent an unknown language usually named
Tartessian
. The main difference is that southeastern Iberian script does not show the vocalic redundancy of the syllabic signs. Unlike the
northeastern Iberian script
the decipherment of the southeastern Iberian script is not yet complete, because there are a significant number of signs on which scholars have not yet reached a consensus. Although it is believed that the southeastern Iberian script does not show any system to differentiate between
voiced
and
unvoiced
occlusives
, unlike the
northeastern Iberian script
, a recent paper (Ferrer i Jane 2010) defends the existence of a dual system also in the southeastern Iberian script.
Typology and variants
[
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]
All the
paleohispanic scripts
, with the exception of the
Greco-Iberian alphabet
, share a common distinctive typological characteristic: they represent syllabic value for the
occlusives
, and monophonemic value for the rest of the
consonants
and
vowels
. From the
writing systems
point of view they are neither
alphabets
nor
syllabaries
; rather, they are mixed scripts that normally are identified as
semi-syllabaries
. There is no agreement about how the
paleohispanic semi-syllabaries
originated; some researchers conclude that their origin is linked only to the
Phoenician alphabet
, while others believe the
Greek alphabet
exercised some influence.
Location of findings
[
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]
The inscriptions that use the southeastern Iberian script had been found mainly in the southeastern quadrant of the
Iberian Peninsula
: eastern
Andalusia
,
Murcia
,
Albacete
,
Alicante
, and
Valencia
. The southeastern Iberian inscriptions were made on different object types (
silver
and
bronze
coins
, silver and
ceramic
recipients,
lead
plaques, stones, etc.), but they number around 50 and represent more or less only 2% of the total found. Between them there are the lead plaque from Gador (
Almeria
) and the lead plaque from La Bastida de les Alcuses (
Moixent
,
Valencia
). The inscriptions that use this script almost always use the right to left direction of writing. The oldest inscriptions in southeastern Iberian script date to the 4th century BCE, and the latest ones date from the end of the 2nd century BCE.
See also
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]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Leandre Villaronga, Jaume Benages, "Les monedes de l'edat antiga a la Peninsula Iberica", pp 421-425.
- ^
Leandre Villaronga, "Corpus nummum Hispaniae ante Augusti aetatem"
- ^
Fernando Alvarez Burgos, "Catalogo general de la moneda hispanica"
- ^
Leandre Villaronga, Jose A Herrero, "Corpus Nummum Hispaniæ ante Augusti Ætatem"
- ^
Aloiss Heiss, "Description generale des monnaies antiques de l'Espagne"
- ^
MIB 159/14a, in P.P. Ripolles, M. Gozalbes (ed.), Moneda Iberica (MIB), Valencia,
https://monedaiberica.org/v3/type/2194
[accessed 4/6/2023]
Bibliography
[
edit
]
- Correa, Jose Antonio (2004): ≪Los semisilabarios ibericos: algunas cuestiones≫,
ELEA
4, pp. 75-98.
- Ferrer i Jane, Joan (2010):
≪El sistema dual de l'escriptura iberica sud-oriental≫
,
Veleia
27, pp. 69-113.
- Hoz, Javier de (1989): ≪El desarrollo de la escritura y las lenguas de la zona meridional≫,
Tartessos
, pp.523-587.
- Rodriguez Ramos, Jesus (2002): ≪La escritura iberica meridional≫,
Zephyrus
55, pp. 231-245.
- Untermann, Jurgen
(1990):
Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum. III Die iberischen Inschriften aus Spanien
, Wiesbaden.
- Velaza, Javier (1996):
Epigrafia y lengua ibericas
, Barcelona.
External links
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]