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In or about 1142 according to a brief reference in the Anglo-Norman text known as
De expugnatione Lyxbonensi
and the Portuguese text known as the
Chronica Gothorum
, a group of
Anglo-Norman
crusaders on their way to
Jerusalem
were invited by King
Afonso I Henriques
of
Portugal
to participate in an attempt to capture the
Almoravid
-controlled city of
Lisbon
.
[1]
The Anglo-Norman forces might have been led by the brothers William and Ralph Vitalus as it is implied by the
De expugnatione Lyxbonensi
.
[2]
According to the sources the crusaders and the Portuguese monarch agreed to capture the city but they were too few in number to be able to sustain a long siege of the city which according to sources was very populous and well supplied. Alternatively, the Christian forces resorted to destroying the outskirts of the city before departing.
[3]
According to the
Chronica Gothorum
the
Anglo-Norman
Crusaders continued on their way to the
Holy Land
, while the Portuguese returned to their territory.
[4]
It seems that the inability of the Christian forces to capture Lisbon left some of the Anglo-Norman Crusaders dissatisfied with their Portuguese allies resolve. This would later hinder the negotiations between Afonso Henriques and the Crusader forces that ultimately helped him in the
Siege of Lisbon
in 1147 as part of the
Second Crusade
.
[5]
Ultimately, however, despite the failure to capture Lisbon, the campaign did provide the Portuguese monarch with a precedent for the later cooperation with Northern Crusaders in the capture of the city in 1147.
[6]
On the other hand, this fiasco probably convinced the Portuguese monarch of the need to close the river supply lines of the city by capturing Santarem.
[7]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Lucas Villegas-Aristizabal (2013),
"Revisiting the Anglo-Norman Crusaders’ Failed Attempt to Conquer Lisbon c. 1142,"
Portuguese Studies
29:1 (2013), pp. 7-20.
- ^
The Conquest of Lisbon: De expugnatione Lyxbonensi
, trans. Charles. W. David (Philadelphia, 2000), pp. 100?03, n. 1.
- ^
Villegas-Aristizabal, p. 17.
- ^
Villegas-Aristizabal, p. 20.
- ^
De expugnatione Lyxbonensi
, pp. 102-105.
- ^
Villegas-Aristizabal, p. 18.
- ^
Wilson, Jonathan,
The Conquest of Santarem and Goswin’s Song of the Conquest of Alcacer do Sal
(London, 2021).
Sieges involving Portugal
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11th
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12th
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13th
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14th
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15th
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16th
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17th
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18th
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19th
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Location of the sieges preceded by the year they took place, inserted in their respective century.
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