Head of state and head of government of Kyrgyzstan
The
president of Kyrgyzstan
, officially the
president of the Kyrgyz Republic
(
Kyrgyz
:
Кыргыз Республикасынын Президенти
,
romanized
:
Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Prezidenti
;
Russian
:
Президент Киргизской Республики
,
romanized
:
Prezident Kirgizskoy Respubliki
), is the
head of state
and
head of government
of the
Kyrgyz Republic
. The president directs the executive branch of the
national government
, is the commander-in-chief of the
Kyrgyz military
and also heads the
National Security Council
.
The president, according to the
constitution
, "is the symbol of the unity of people and state power, and is the guarantor of the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, and of an individual and citizen."
The office of president was established in 1990 replacing the
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
that existed, in different forms, from 1936 whilst the country was known as the
Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic
.
The first popularly elected officeholder was
Askar Akayev
, who served from October 1990 until 24 March 2005. In July 2005,
Kurmanbek Bakiyev
was
elected
. He was
re-elected
in 2009, but
large riots
in April 2010 forced him to resign and flee the country.
Roza Otunbayeva
was selected in April 2010 to head the interim government. She was officially inaugurated on 3 July 2010, as president for a limited term, until elections could be organised. Her successor,
Almazbek Atambayev
, was elected in the
2011 Kyrgyzstani presidential election
and subsequently succeeded Otunbayeva on 1 December that year.
On 16 October 2017,
Sooronbay Jeenbekov
, the former
prime minister
, was elected president of the country. He took office on 24 November 2017. On 15 October 2020, Jeenbekov resigned following
unrest
over the
parliamentary elections
on 4 October. Jeenbekov was succeeded by Prime Minister
Sadyr Japarov
, who became acting president before being confirmed as the 6th and current president on 16 October, and officially held the post on 28 January 2021.
[2]
[3]
Oath of office
[
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]
On assuming office, the president raises his/her right arm and puts it on the
Kyrgyz Constitution
while reciting the following oath:
Мен, (аты-ж?н?), Кыргыз Республикасынын Президентинин кызматына киришип жатып, ?з элимдин алдында жана Ала-Тоо ыйык Ата, мен ант
Кыргыз Республикасынын Башмыйзамынын сыйлоого жана коргоого жана анын мыйзамдарын, Кыргыз Республикасынын мамлекеттик, урмат-сый эгемендигин жана к?з карандысыздыгын коргоого жана урмат-сый менен Кыргыз Республикасынын бардык жарандарынын эркиндиги менен укуктарын камсыз кылуу жана талыкпай жогорку милдеттерин ж?з?г? ашыруу ?ч?н Кыргыз Республикасынын президенти, б?тк?л эл ишенип мага ж?кт?г?н! Кудай бизди коргой берсин!
Russian Translation:
Я (полное имя), вступая в должность Президента Кыргызской Республики, перед своим народом и священным отечеством Ала-Тоо, клянусь
уважать и защищать Конституцию Кыргызской Республики и ее законы, защищать суверенитет и независимость Кыргызского государства, уважать и обеспечивать права и свободы всех граждан Кыргызской Республики с честью и неустанно выполнять высокие обязанности Президент Кыргызской Республики, доверил мне доверие всего народа! Да защитит нас Бог!
English Translation:
I, (full name), in assuming the office of President of the Kyrgyz Republic, before my people and the sacred fatherland of Ala-Too, I swear to respect and protect the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic and its laws, to protect the sovereignty and independence of the Kyrgyz state, respect and ensure the rights and freedoms of all citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic with honor and tirelessly carry out the high duties of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic, entrusted to me by the confidence of the whole people! May God protect us!
Election
[
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]
Qualifications
[
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]
The office of president is open to all
citizens
of Kyrgyzstan who are no younger than 35 years of age, and no older than 65 years of age. A candidate must have a command of the state
language
, and have resided in the republic for no less than 15 years before the nomination of his or her candidacy for the position. The president cannot be a deputy of the
Jogorku Kenesh
(Parliament), occupy other positions, or carry out entrepreneurial activities, and must suspend activity in
political parties
and organizations for their period in office.
On taking office the president must take the following
oath
, stipulated by Article 45 of the constitution, within 30 days of election before the assembled members of the
legislative
chamber:
"I, ..., assuming the office of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic, before my People and the Sacred homeland Ala-Too do swear:
to sacredly observe and defend the Constitution and laws of the Kyrgyz Republic; to defend the sovereignty and independence of the Kyrgyz State;
to respect and guarantee the rights and freedoms of all citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic; with honor and tirelessly to perform the great responsibility of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic entrusted to me by the confidence of all the People!".
[4]
Electoral law
[
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The president is elected by the citizens of Kyrgyzstan by a majority of votes cast. These elections are held on the basis of
universal suffrage
, and by secret ballot. To become a candidate a person must obtain the
signatures
of fifty thousand registered voters.
For an election to be considered valid the turnout must not be lower than fifty percent. Similarly, if a candidate wins the backing of fifty percent of the voters who participated they are the winner. Should no candidate win an outright majority in the first round, the two candidates with the highest number of votes face each other in a second ballot.
Inauguration ceremony
[
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]
The Inauguration ceremony of the president of Kyrgyzstan is a ceremony that takes place to mark the start of a new term for the president of
Kyrgyzstan
.
[5]
List of inaugural ceremonies
Date
|
President
|
Location
Place
|
Document Sworn On
|
Notes
|
10 December 1991
|
Askar Akayev
|
White House, Bishkek
|
Constitution of the Kyrgyz SSR
|
It was the first presidential inauguration in the history of Kyrgyzstan.
[5]
|
30 December 1995
|
Askar Akayev
|
White House, Bishkek
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
[5]
|
9 December 2000
|
Askar Akayev
|
Philharmonic Hall named after Toktogul Satylganov
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
[5]
|
14 August 2005
|
Kurmanbek Bakiyev
|
Ala-Too Square
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
It took place on Ala-Too Square for the first time.
[6]
The President of Kazakhstan
Nursultan Nazarbayev
,
[7]
the Prime Minister of Tajikistan
Oqil Oqilov
, the Chairman of the National Assembly of Belarus
Gennady Novitsky
, the Minister of Defense of Turkey
Vecdi Gonul
, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine
Borys Tarasyuk
attended the inauguration.
[8]
|
2 August 2009
|
Kurmanbek Bakiyev
|
Government House, Bishkek
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
|
3 July 2010
|
Roza Otunbayeva
|
Philharmonic Hall named after Toktogul Satylganov
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
|
1 December 2011
|
Almazbek Atambayev
|
Philharmonic Hall named after Toktogul Satylganov
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
He was inaugurated on 1 December 2011. The ceremony was attended by the president of Turkey,
Abdullah Gul
, and president of Georgia,
Mikheil Saakashvili
. The ceremony budget cost less than half of what was spent for inauguration ceremony of Kurmanbek Bakiev in 2009.
[15]
|
24 November 2017
|
Sooronbay Jeenbekov
|
Ala Archa State Residence
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
It was the first inauguration ceremony to take place at the
Ala Archa State Residence
.
[16]
|
28 January 2021
[17]
|
Sadyr Japarov
|
Philharmonic Hall named after Toktogul Satylganov
[18]
|
Constitution of Kyrgyzstan
|
The
President of Turkey
Recep Tayyip Erdogan
, the first
President of Kazakhstan
Nursultan Nazarbayev
were invited, but ultimately did not attend the inauguration. However former leaders Sooronbay Jeenbekov and Roza Otunbayeva did attend.
[19]
|
Residences
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- State residence №1
(Ala Archa State Residence)
- State residence №2 (Cholpon-Ata State Residence)
- South Residence
- Jalal-Abad State Residence
Duties and functions
[
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The head of state holds significant power as provided for in the constitution. This states that they have the authority to:
Presidential appointments
[
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]
Impeachment
[
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]
The president may be dismissed from office by Parliament only on the basis of a charge made by the Legislative Assembly of state
treason
or another grievous crime supported by a ruling of the
Constitutional Court
. Such a decision requires the support of two-thirds of the Jogorku Kenesh who are immediately dismissed should the president be found innocent.
Succession
[
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]
If the president becomes unable to carry out their duties for reasons such as death, illness or
impeachment
, the prime minister shall carry out their duties until the election of a new head of state. This must take place within three months of the termination of their Presidency. Kyrgyzstan has only had one
peaceful transition of power
from president to president (in 2017).
Askar Akayev
was forced from office by the
Tulip Revolution
of 2005 and
Kurmanbek Bakiyev
was forced from office by the
Kyrgyz Revolution of 2010
.
Almazbek Atambayev
was peacefully succeeded by
Sooronbay Jeenbekov
in 2017. However, Jeenbekov resigned from office due to the
2020 Kyrgyzstani protests
and was succeeded by
Sadyr Japarov
.
List of Presidents of Kyrgyzstan
[
edit
]
indicates an individual serving as an acting or provisional president of Kyrgyzstan
Timeline
[
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]
See also
[
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]
References
[
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]
External links
[
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]
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1
Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Europe?Asia border.
2
Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the Africa?Asia border.
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