Last surviving members of World War 1
This is a list of the last known surviving veterans of the
First World War
(28 July 1914 ? 11 November 1918) who lived to 1999 or later, along with the last known veterans for countries that participated in the war. Veterans are defined as people who were members of the armed forces of the combatant nations during the conflict, although some states use other definitions.
Florence Green
, a British citizen who served in the
Allied
armed forces as a
Royal Air Force
(
WRAF
) service member, is generally considered to have been the last verified veteran of the war at her death on 4 February 2012, aged 110.
[1]
[a]
The last combat veteran was
Claude Choules
, who served in the British
Royal Navy
(and later the
Royal Australian Navy
) and died 5 May 2011, aged 110.
[3]
The last veteran who served in the
trenches
was
Harry Patch
(
British Army
), who died on 25 July 2009, aged 111. The last
Central Powers
veteran,
Franz Kunstler
of
Austria-Hungary
, died on 27 May 2008 at the age of 107.
The total number of participating personnel is estimated by the
Encyclopædia Britannica
at 65,038,810. There were approximately 9,750,000
military deaths
during the conflict.
Last surviving veterans of each country
[
edit
]
The last surviving veteran from the
Colony of Jamaica
was
Stanley Stair
[33]
(d. 2008) and from
British Guyana
was
Gershom Browne
[34]
(d. 2000).
Thomas Shaw
(d. 2002) was the last veteran from
Ireland
,
[35]
and
Alfred Anderson
(d. 2005) was the last from
Scotland
.
[36]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
Jiroemon Kimura
, who died in 2013 (aged 116) and who was the
oldest verified man in history
and the last verified man to have been born in the 19th century, served as a conscript in an
Imperial Japanese Army
communications unit in Tokyo from April 1?June 30, 1918; this was discovered by gerontology researchers verifying his life history.
[2]
- ^
a
b
c
d
Accorded belligerent status at the
Paris Peace Conference
in 1919.
- ^
Other combatant countries included
Bulgaria
,
Greece
, the
Kingdom of Hejaz
,
[b]
and
Portugal
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
A partially self-governing Dominion under the
British Empire
, foreign relations remained with the British government
- ^
a
b
Austria and Hungary were component, technically sovereign, nations within the
Austro-Hungarian Empire
.
- ^
At the time of his death in 2001 at the age of 102,
Paul Ooghe
was widely believed to be the last surviving Belgian veteran of the conflict.
[7]
Barbary, who had served in the Belgian army in the final months of the war and emigrated to the United States, was only subsequently recognised.
[8]
- ^
Following the legal definition of a war veteran as a person having served for six months during the war years (for which Picault did not qualify), the French government officially recognized
Lazare Ponticelli
, who died on 12 March 2008, as the last
poilu
.
Veterans by country of service ? 9 veterans who lived to 2009 or later
[
edit
]
On 27 June 2006, the
British Government
approved a National Memorial Service at
Westminster Abbey
, to take place after the death of the last known World War I veteran from the United Kingdom. On 11 November 2009, despite the survival to that date of
Claude Choules
and
Florence Green
, the commemoration was held following the death of
Harry Patch
.
[37]
On 21 November 2006, the
House of Commons of Canada
approved a
state funeral
for the last World War I veteran to have served in the Canadian forces,
[38]
but this was declined by
John Babcock
.
Country served
|
Name
|
Born
|
Died
|
Notes
|
Australia
|
John Campbell Ross
|
11 March 1899
|
3 June 2009
(110)
|
Last Australian
digger
and the last veteran of any status to serve Australia in the conflict. Joined in early 1918 as wireless operator, but did not see action. Served in
Home Guard
in World War II. Australia's oldest person. Lived in
Bendigo, Victoria
.
[39]
[40]
[41]
[42]
|
Canada
|
John Babcock
|
23 July 1900
|
18 February 2010
(109)
|
Last Canadian veteran. Declined
state funeral
. Joined in 1916. Served first in
146th, CEF
, then transferred to Boys Battalion. Completed training in UK but did not see action due to age. Moved to US in 1924. Lived in
Spokane, Washington
.
[43]
[44]
[45]
[46]
|
United Kingdom
|
Henry Allingham
|
6 June 1896
|
18 July 2009 (113)
|
Last
airman
. Served in the 12 Squadron
RNAS
(later
RAF
). Joined in 1915 as
mechanic
. Last veteran of the
Battle of Jutland
.
World's oldest man
and
oldest ever British man
. Oldest veteran ever to see action. Lived in
Brighton
,
Sussex
.
[47]
[48]
[49]
|
United Kingdom
|
Claude Choules
|
3 March 1901
|
5 May 2011
(110)
|
Last living combatant of World War I.
[50]
Last
seaman
. Last veteran who served in both World Wars. Last male veteran. Joined in 1916. Last witness to the
German Naval
surrender. Moved to Australia in 1926 and served with
Royal Australian Navy
in
World War II
. Lived in
Perth, Western Australia
.
[51]
[52]
[53]
|
United Kingdom
|
Florence Green
|
19 February 1901
|
4 February 2012
(110)
|
Last female veteran and last officially recognized veteran. Worked as a waitress in the
Royal Air Force
; the
Women's Royal Air Force
.
[54]
Lived in
North Lynn
,
Norfolk
. Not recognized as a veteran until 2008.
[55]
|
United Kingdom
|
Netherwood Hughes
|
12 June 1900
|
4 April 2009
(108)
|
Called up to the 51st
Manchester Regiment
in mid 1918 as
truck
driver. Did not see action as he was still in training. Lived in
Accrington
,
Lancashire
.
[56]
[57]
|
United Kingdom
|
Harry Patch
|
17 June 1898
|
25 July 2009 (111)
|
Last
Tommy
. Served in the
British Army
under the 7th
Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry
. Last veteran to serve in
trenches
and to be
wounded in action
. Called up in 1916. Last survivor of
Battle of Passchendaele
.
Fireman
in World War II.
Europe's
oldest man
upon death. Lived in
Wells
,
Somerset
.
[58]
[59]
[60]
[61]
|
United Kingdom
|
Bill Stone
|
23 September 1900
|
10 January 2009
(108)
|
Joined
Royal Navy
in 1918. Did not see action as he was still in training, but was also a
World War II
veteran. Lived in
Reading, Berkshire
at the time of his death.
[62]
[63]
|
United States
|
Frank Buckles
|
1 February 1901
|
27 February 2011
(110)
|
United States Army
1st
Fort Riley
Casual Detachment. Last American veteran. Joined in 1917. Ambulance driver near
Western Front
. Held prisoner in World War II as a civilian. Lived in
Charles Town, West Virginia
.
[64]
[65]
[32]
|
Likely verifiable ? 1 veteran who lived to 2009 or later
[
edit
]
Country served
|
Name
|
Born
|
Died
|
Notes
|
Japan
|
Jiroemon Kimura
|
19 April 1897
|
12 June 2013
(116)
|
Probable last verifiable surviving
Empire of Japan
veteran and possible last verifiable surviving veteran from any combatant nation. Served as a conscripted soldier in an
Imperial Japanese Army
communications unit from April 1?June 30, 1918, posted to
Nakano, Tokyo
; saw no action.
Oldest verified man in history
at the time of his death, and the last verified surviving man to have been born in the 19th century. Service verified from official government records by gerontology researchers confirming his life history. Lived in
Ky?tango
,
Kyoto Prefecture
.
[2]
|
Unverified World War I veterans ? 4 possible veterans who lived to 2009 or later
[
edit
]
Listed here are the possible veterans who were not verified as a World War I veteran.
Country served
|
Name
|
Born
|
Died
|
Notes
|
Italy
|
Sante Dal Santo
|
8 September 1902
|
26 February 2009 (106)
|
Claimed to have joined up in 1916 at the age of 14 as a "Digger" digging trenches and tunnels. Also served in World War II. Lived in
Montecchio Precalcino
.
[66]
[67]
|
Italy
|
Carlo Dozzi
|
25 January 1901
|
30 May 2009 (108)
|
Claimed to have joined up in 1917 at the age of 16 as a "Digger" digging trenches and tunnels. Also served in World War II. Lived in
Maniago
.
[68]
|
United Kingdom
|
Harry Futcher
|
21 April 1904
|
27 May 2010 (106)
|
Claimed to have joined up in 1918 at the age of 14 as a
bandsman
in the
British Army
serving in Egypt during the First World War. Lived in
Dorset
, England.
[69]
[70]
|
United Kingdom
|
Douglas Edward "Doug" Terrey
|
23 June 1903
|
26 June 2010 (107)
|
Claimed to have joined up in 1917 as
bicycle courier
delivering messages in the Southampton Military District. Served in
Home Guard
in World War II. Lived in
Southampton
,
Hampshire
.
[71]
[72]
|
World War I era veterans ? 8 veterans who lived to 2009 or later
[
edit
]
Listed here are those that joined the armed services after the
Armistice
date, but before the
Treaty of Versailles
was signed, or where there is debate on their join-date, or whose military service is sometimes viewed as outside the scope of "WWI", but are considered World War I-era veterans by the press or by their respective governments, or served in a related conflict.
Country served
|
Name
|
Born
|
Died
|
Notes
|
Brazil
|
Waldemar Levy Cardoso
|
4 December 1900
|
13 May 2009 (108)
|
Last Brazilian World War I-Era veteran, served in the
Brazilian Army
, joining in late 1918 but did not see action.
Lieutenant Colonel
in World War II. Last living Brazilian
field marshal
. Later lived in
Rio de Janeiro
.
[73]
[74]
|
Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
|
Aarne Arvonen
|
4 August 1897
|
1 January 2009
(111)
|
Last
Red Guard
veteran from the
Finnish Civil War
.
Oldest Nordic person and Finland's oldest ever man
. Last living Finn born in the 19th century. Lived in
Jarvenpaa
.
[75]
[76]
[77]
|
Kingdom of Finland
|
Lauri Nurminen
|
9 September 1906
|
20 February 2009
(102)
|
Last
White Guard
and possibly last
Finnish Civil War
veteran. Served in
Ernst Linders
Satakunta army group. Lived in
Valkeakoski
,
Finland
.
[78]
|
France
|
Felix Maximilian Rostaing
|
27 December 1900
|
31 December 2009
(109)
|
French World War I-Era veteran, served in the
Franco-Turkish War
. Re-enlisted in 1928 and served in China, Mali and Morocco. Lived in
Capbreton, France
.
[79]
|
German Empire
|
Helmut Fink
|
18 March 1901
|
27 April 2009
(108)
|
Last
German Revolution
veteran and last German World War I-era veteran, served in the
Freikorps
during the German Revolution of 1918-1919. Lived in Germany.
[
citation needed
]
|
Poland
|
Jozef Kowalski
|
2 February 1900
|
7 December 2013
(113)
|
Last World War I-era veteran, fought in the Polish Soviet War between 1919-21.
[
citation needed
]
|
Poland
|
Wilhelm Meisel
|
7 January 1904
|
3 June 2009
(105)
|
Last
Silesian Uprisings
veteran, joined up in 1919 at the age of 15 and served for the
Polish Army
during the Silesian uprising until it ended in 1921. Lived in
Poland
.
[
citation needed
]
|
United States
|
Robley Rex
|
2 May 1901
|
28 April 2009
(107)
|
Last American World War I-era veteran, joined
5th Infantry Division
in May 1919. Later moved to 28th Infantry. Served in
Intelligence
Unit. Lived in
Louisville, Kentucky
.
[80]
[81]
[82]
|
Totals ? 21 veterans who lived to 2009 or later
[
edit
]
- Verified veterans ? 9
- Unverified veterans ? 4
- World War I-era veterans ? 8
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
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[
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a
b
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.
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.
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- ^
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.
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[
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. Retrieved
30 May
2007
.
- ^
HS, STT (16 January 2009).
"Suomen viimeinen 1800-luvulla syntynyt kuoli"
.
Helsingin Sanomat
. Retrieved
19 January
2009
.
- ^
Koikkalainen, Olli (5 March 2009).
"The last freedom fighter buried with pine sword"
. Valkeakoski Sanomat
. Retrieved
8 April
2010
.
- ^
"Felix Rostaing ? Un poilu d'Orient decede le 31/12/2009"
(in French). Pages 14-18 Forum. 24 February 2010
. Retrieved
12 June
2015
.
- ^
Stapleton, Ellen R. (9 November 2003).
"Ky.'s oldest veteran, 102, still devoted to service"
. The Enquirer
. Retrieved
22 January
2007
.
- ^
Senator McConnell, Mitch (12 May 2008).
"Honouring Robley Rex"
. Govtrack
. Retrieved
21 January
2009
.
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
Shafer, Sheldon S. & Burba, Paula (28 April 2009).
"Robley Rex, WWI-era vet, dies at age 107"
. The Courier Journal. Archived from
the original
on 20 January 2013
. Retrieved
29 April
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.
Lists of the oldest people by specific groups
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By career
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By country
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Miscellaneous
records
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Theatres
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Principal
participants
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Timeline
| Pre-War conflicts
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Prelude
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1914
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1915
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1916
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1917
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1918
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Co-belligerent conflicts
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Post-War conflicts
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Aspects
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