The
history of the
Jews
in
Transnistria
is mainly connected to the
history of the Jews in Moldova
, the
history of the Jews in Ukraine
, the
history of the Jews in Romania
and the
history of the Jews in the Soviet Union
as well as to countries in several other neighboring areas.
Background
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Transnistria
, or
Transdniestria
, officially the
Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
,
[a]
is a primarily
unrecognised state
that split off from
Moldova
after the dissolution of the
USSR
and mostly consists of a narrow strip of land between the river
Dniester
and the territory of
Ukraine
. Transnistria
has been recognised
only by
3 other mostly non-recognised states:
Abkhazia
,
Artsakh
, and
South Ossetia
.
[1]
The region is considered by the
UN
to be part of
Moldova
.
On 30 May 2022,
Aleksandr Rozenberg
became the
Prime Minister of Transnistria
, being the first Jewish person to hold this position.
[2]
Related information
[
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]
Jews in Moldova
[
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]
The history of the
Jews
in
Moldova
reaches back several centuries.
Bessarabian Jews
have been living in the area for some time. Today, the Jewish community living in Moldova number less than 4,000 according to one estimate, while local estimates put the number at 15?20,000 Jews and their family members.
[3]
Jews in Romania
[
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The history of the Jews in
Romania
concerns the Jews both of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is present-day Romanian territory. Jewish communities existed in Romanian territory in the 2nd century AD. Minimal until the 18th century, the size of the Jewish population increased after around 1850, and more especially after the establishment of
Greater Romania
in the aftermath of
World War I
. A diverse community, albeit an overwhelmingly urban one, Jews were a target of
religious persecution
and
racism
in Romanian society ? from the late-19th century debate over the "
Jewish Question
" and the Jewish residents' right to
citizenship
, to the
genocide
carried out in the lands of Romania as part of
the Holocaust
. The latter, coupled with successive waves of
aliyah
, has accounted for a dramatic decrease in the overall size of Romania's present-day Jewish community.
Jews in Ukraine
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The history of the Jews in
Ukraine
goes back over a thousand years.
Jewish
communities have existed in the territory of
Ukraine
from the time of
Kievan Rus'
(late 9th to mid-13th century)
[4]
[5]
and developed many of the most distinctive modern Jewish theological and cultural traditions such as
Hasidism
. According to the
World Jewish Congress
, the Jewish community in Ukraine constitute the third biggest Jewish community in Europe and the fifth biggest in the world.
[6]
Jews in Russia
[
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The history of the Jews in
Russia
and on areas historically connected with it goes back at least 1500 years. The presence of Jewish people in the European part of Russia can be traced to the 7th?14th centuries CE. Jews in Russia have historically constituted a large religious diaspora; the vast territories of the
Russian Empire
at one time hosted the largest population of Jews in the
world
.
[7]
Within these territories the primarily
Ashkenazi Jewish
communities of many different areas flourished and developed many of modern Judaism's most distinctive theological and cultural traditions, while also facing periods of
anti-Semitic
discriminatory policies and persecutions. The largest group among Russian Jews are Ashkenazi Jews, but the community also includes a significant proportion of other non-Ashkenazi from other
Jewish diaspora
including
Mountain Jews
,
Sephardic Jews
,
Crimean Karaites
,
Krymchaks
,
Bukharan Jews
, and
Georgian Jews
.
Jews in Bessarabia
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]
The history of the Jews in
Bessarabia
, a historical region in Eastern Europe, dates back hundreds of years. Jews are mentioned from very early in the
Principality of Moldavia
, but they did not represent a significant number. Their main activity in Moldavia was
commerce
, but they could not compete with
Greeks
and
Armenians
, who had knowledge of
Levantine
commerce and relationships.
References
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States with limited
recognition
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Dependencies and
other entities
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