From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | This is the
pronunciation key
for
IPA
transcriptions of Romanian on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Romanian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing
consensus
on the
talk page
first.
| |
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Romanian
The charts below show the way in which the
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
represents
Romanian language
pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see
Template:IPA
and
Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation §?Entering IPA characters
.
See
Romanian phonology
and
Romanian alphabet
for a more thorough look at the sounds of Romanian.
|
|
| Consonants
|
| IPA
|
Examples in Romanian
|
English approximation
|
| b
|
b
an
|
a
b
out
|
| d
|
d
op
|
to
d
ay
|
| d?
[1]
|
g
er
|
g
ender
|
| f
|
f
oc
|
f
ace
|
| ?
|
g
ol
,
un
gh
ie
|
a
g
ain
|
| h
|
h
orn
|
h
at
|
| k
|
c
al
,
ch
ip
,
k
ilogram
,
q
uasar
|
s
k
ip
|
| l
|
l
un?
|
l
ove
|
| m
|
m
ic
|
m
oon
|
| n
|
n
or
|
n
ame
|
| ŋ
[2]
|
lu
n
g
|
lo
ng
|
| p
|
p
as
|
s
p
an
|
| r
|
r
ac
,
ma
r
e
|
cu
r
d (
Scottish English
)
|
| s
|
s
are
|
s
un
|
| ?
|
?
arpe
|
sh
ape
|
| t
|
t
are
|
s
t
op
|
| ts
[1]
|
?
ar?
|
ca
ts
|
| t?
[1]
|
c
er
|
ch
oose
|
| v
|
v
al
,
w
att
|
v
oice
|
| z
|
z
id
|
z
one
|
| ?
|
j
ar
|
mea
s
ure
|
| Non-native consonants
|
| ?
|
Sali
gn
y
|
roughly like
ca
ny
on
|
|
| Vowels
|
| IPA
|
Examples in Romanian
|
English approximation
|
| a
|
a
p?
|
roughly like
f
a
ther
|
| e
|
e
rou
|
roughly like
b
e
t
|
| ?
|
roman
?
|
a
bout
|
| i
|
i
nel
,
m
i
e
|
b
ee
t
|
| ?
|
i
nspre
,
c
a
rnat
|
ros
e
s (
for some
English dialects
)
|
| o
|
o
ra?
|
l
aw
(
British English
)
|
| u
|
u
da
,
d
u
al
|
f
oo
l
|
| Non-native vowels
|
| ??
|
H
en
ri
|
r
en
dez-vous,
roughly like
on
|
| ??
|
chem
in
de fer
|
coq au v
in
,
roughly like
m
an
|
| ø
|
bl
eu
,
l
oe
ss
,
chemin d
e
fer
|
roughly like
s
i
r
|
| y
|
ecr
u
,
f
u
hrer
|
roughly like
f
ew
|
|
|
| Semivowels
[3]
|
| IPA
|
Examples in Romanian
|
English approximation
|
| j
|
i
arn?
,
cre
i
oane
,
ra
i
,
y
oga
|
y
ou
or
bo
y
|
| w
|
b?c?
u
an
,
dul?
u
,
T
w
itter
|
w
ine
or
co
w
|
| Diphthongs
[3]
|
| e?a
|
b
ea
t?
,
Andre
ea
|
short
[
e
]
followed by full
[
a
]
; similar to
ya
rd
|
| e?o
|
vr
eo
|
short
[
e
]
followed by full
[
o
]
; similar to
yaw
n
|
| o?a
|
f
oa
rte
,
g?
oa
ce
|
short
[
o
]
followed by full
[
a
]
; similar to
wa
gon
|
|
|
| Other symbols
|
| IPA
|
Examples
|
Explanation
|
| ?
|
dul?u
[du?l?w]
|
primary stress
(placed before the stressed syllable)
|
| ?
|
extraordinar
[?ekstra.ordi?nar]
|
secondary stress
|
| .
|
mie
[?mi.e]
|
syllable marker, generally used between vowels in
hiatus
|
| ?
[4]
|
rup
i
[?rup?]
|
palatalization
(placed after the palatalized consonant)
|
|
- ^
a
b
c
The
affricates
may be written more precisely with tie-bars:
[
t?s
]
,
[
t??
]
,
[
d??
]
, but they are omitted in transcriptions as they do not display correctly in all browsers. However, the affricates contrast with the plosive?fricative sequences:
[
t
s
]
,
[
t
?
]
and
[
d
?
]
. Usually, the spelling of the Romanian word indicates the pronunciation, with the affricates spelled
?, c, g
, with one letter, and the sequences spelled
ts, t?, dj
, with two. However, personal names are the most common exceptions.
- ^
Not a separate phoneme but an allophone of
/n/
before
velars
.
- ^
a
b
The approximants
/j/
and
/w/
can appear before and after vowels, including the diphthongs
/e?a/
and
/o?a/
, in almost any combination.
- ^
Palatalization occurs only with a single final
i
.
- Chi?oran, Ioana (2001),
The Phonology of Romanian: A Constraint-based Approach
, Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter,
ISBN
3110167662
|
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|
| Comparisons
| |
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| Introductory guides
| |
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