IPA
|
Consonants
|
C
|
V
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
b
|
b
|
b
ell
,
am
b
it
,
ca
p
gros
[1]
[2]
|
b
est
|
v
|
v
ell
,
en
v
it
,
w
att
[1]
[2]
|
b
est
(
C
) /
v
est
(
V
)
|
β
|
a
v
anc
,
sel
v
a
[3]
[2]
|
v
est
[3]
|
b
|
a
b
ans
,
ar
b
re
[3]
[2]
|
v
est
[3]
(
C
) /
b
est
(
V
)
|
d
|
d
rac
,
in
d
ret
,
ri
t
me
[1]
|
d
oor
|
dz
|
dz
|
se
tz
e
,
to
ts
alhora
[4]
[1]
|
a
dz
e
[4]
|
z
|
utili
tz
a
[4]
|
a
dz
e
[4]
(
C
) /
z
ebra
[4]
(
V
)
|
d?
|
via
tj
a
,
fe
tg
e
,
mi
g
dia
[4]
[1]
|
j
eep
|
ð
|
ca
d
a
,
lla
d
re
[3]
|
o
th
er
|
f
|
f
ort
,
ba
f
s
|
f
ace
|
?
|
g
uant
,
an
g
le
,
gu
iar
,
e
c
disi
[1]
|
g
ot
|
?
|
ai
g
ues
,
a
g
rat
,
llo
gu
er
[3]
|
between
g
ot
and
h
ot
[3]
|
k
|
c
ors
,
q
uan
,
qu
i
,
llar
g
,
k
iwi
,
K
uwait
,
vi
k
ing
,
k
elvin
|
s
c
an
|
l
|
l
aca
,
ce
ŀl
a
,
[5]
va
l
[6]
|
pi
l
e
|
?
|
ll
ac
,
ce
ll
a
,
[5]
E
l
x
[6]
|
bi
lli
on
|
m
|
m
eu
,
co
m
te
[6]
|
m
ode
|
?
|
li
m
fa
,
i
n
fim
[6]
|
ly
m
ph
|
n
|
n
eu
,
da
n
sa
[6]
|
n
ote
|
ŋ
|
sa
n
g
,
[6]
ci
g
ne
|
ri
ng
|
?
|
ny
eu
,
pe
n
ges
[6]
|
o
ni
on
|
p
|
p
or
,
du
b
te
|
s
p
an
|
r
|
r
uc
,
mi
rr
a
,
hon
r
a
[7]
|
Scots
r
ook
|
?
|
mi
r
a
,
t
r
uc
,
pe
r
[7]
|
US
a
t
om
|
s
|
s
et
,
e
s
ta
,
feli
c
[4]
|
s
ick
[4]
|
?
|
t?
|
x
ec
,
Bar
x
[4]
|
sh
ip
(
C
) /
ch
eap
(
V
)
|
j
?
|
ca
ix
a
[4]
|
sh
ip
(
C
) /
ge
ish
a
(
V
)
|
?
|
X
ativa
,
gui
x
[4]
|
sh
ip
|
t
|
t
erra
,
fre
d
|
s
t
and
|
ts
|
lle
ts
o
,
to
ts
[4]
|
ca
ts
[4]
|
t?
|
tx
ec
,
ve
ig
,
mi
g
|
ch
eap
|
v
|
ha
f
ni
,
ba
f
s d'aigua
[1]
|
v
est
|
z
|
z
el
,
e
s
ma
[4]
[1]
|
z
ebra
[4]
|
?
|
d?
|
j
oc
,
g
espa
[4]
|
g
enre
(
C
) /
j
eep
(
V
)
|
j
|
j
o
[4]
|
g
enre
(
C
) /
y
oung
(
V
)
|
j
?
|
ca
ix
mir
[4]
[1]
|
g
enre
(
C
) /
be
ig
e
(
V
)
|
?
|
gui
x
verd
[4]
[1]
|
g
enre
|
IPA
|
Marginal consonants
|
h
|
e
h
em
[8]
,
Sa
h
ara
|
h
ot
|
θ
|
th
eta
,
Lope
z
|
th
ing
|
x
|
kh
arja
,
Ba
ch
|
Scots
lo
ch
|
|
IPA
|
Semivowels
[9]
|
C
|
V
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
j
|
i
ode
,
posa-h
i
,
Y
ork
|
y
oung
|
w
|
q
u
art
,
G
u
ell
,
posa-h
o
,
w
eb
|
q
u
ick
|
|
IPA
|
Vowels
|
C
|
V
|
Examples
|
English approximation
|
a
|
s
a
c
,
a
necs
|
f
a
ther
|
?
|
?
|
s
e
t
,
e
xit
|
p
e
t
|
e
|
s
e
c
,
qu
e
[10]
|
p
e
t
(
C
) /
f
a
ce
(
V
)
|
e
|
s
e
c
,
an
e
lls
,
id
e
m
[11]
|
f
a
ce
|
?
|
d
e
ma
[11]
|
alph
a
(
C
) /
f
a
ce
(
V
)
|
a
|
f
a
dri
,
e
ntens
[11]
|
alph
a
(
C
) /
f
a
ther
(
V
)
|
i
|
naix
e
ment
|
alph
a
(
C
) /
m
ee
t
(
V
)
|
i
|
s
i
c
,
t
i
es
,
f
i
llet
[11]
|
m
ee
t
|
?
|
s
o
c
,
aix
o
|
o
ff
|
o
|
o
|
s
o
c
,
m
o
lt
,
eg
o
,
m
o
ure
[11]
|
st
o
ry
|
u
|
o
ratge
[11]
|
r
u
le
(
C
) /
st
o
ry
(
V
)
|
u
|
s
u
c
,
d
u
es
,
f
u
llet
,
c
o
bert
[11]
|
r
u
le
|
IPA
|
Marginal vowels
|
y
|
deja v
u
[12]
|
c
u
te
[12]
|
|
IPA
|
Suprasegmentals
|
C
|
V
|
Examples
|
Explanation
|
?
|
Di
dac
[?dið?k]
(
C
) /
[?diðak]
(
V
)
|
primary stress
|
?
|
Bell
puig
[?be??put?]
(
C
/
V
)
|
secondary stress
|
.
|
Ma
ria
[m???i.?]
(
C
) /
[ma??i.a]
(
V
)
|
syllable break
|
ː
|
I
mm
a
[?imː?]
(
C
) /
[?imːa]
(
V
)
|
long consonant/vowel
|
IPA
|
Other representations
|
( )
|
Cor
t
s
[?ko?(t)s]
(
C
/
V
)
|
optional sound
|
|