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Help : IPA/Tamil

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This page contains Indic text . Without proper rendering support , you may see question marks or boxes , misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Tamil pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation §?Entering IPA characters .

Tamil has phonological process by which voiceless plosives are altered to their respective voiced sounds because of their position in a word (word initial versus word medial) or presence of preceding vowel sounds.

See Tamil phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Tamil.

Consonants
IPA Example English approximation
Tamil script ISO 15919
b ??? ?? , ? ? ???? , ??? ?? p b and
? ?? ?? ? sh eep
d ??? ?? t d o
? [1] ??? ?? , ? ?? ? dr ab
ð [2] ???? ?? t o th er
d? ??? ?? , ?? ??? c he dg e
? ??? ?? , ?? ?? k g ate
h [3] ? ?? , ? ?? k h eat
j ?? ?? , ? ??? y y ak
k ?? ?? , ? ??? ?? , ??? ? k s k ate
l ? ?? , ? ???? , ? ? ???? , ????? ?? l l et
? ? ?? , ? ???? , ????? ?? ? somewhat like ca rl (American English)
m ? ?? , ? ???? ?? , ? ?? ?? , ???? ?? m m uch
n [4] ? ?? ?? , ?? ??? , ????? ?? ? te n
n? [4] ? ??? , ? ?? ?? , ? ???? , ? ??? ???? n te n th
? ?? ??? , ? ???? ??? , ? ?? ?? n ca ny on
? ? ?? ?? , ? ??? ?? ? co rn (American English)
ŋ ? ?? ?? , ? ??? ??? ? so ng
r [5] ? ?? , ? ???? ???? , ??? ?? ? trilled r
? ? ?? , ? ?? , ? ? ?? , ????? ?? r a t om (American English)
? [1] ??????? ?? ? po rt er (American English)
? ??? ?? ,

? ??

? r ight
s [6] ?? ? ?? , ? ?????? c s um
? ? ?? ? shr imp
t ? ?? , ? ???? , ???? ?? t s t op
? ? ???? ? s tr ength
t? ?? ??? , ?? ???? , ??? ?? c ca tch
? ? ?? , ? ??? ?? v between w and v
x [7] ???????? ??? ?? ?k Scottish lo ch or German Ba ch
f [7] ??? ?????? ?p f an
z [7] ? ??? ?????? ?j z oo
Vowels
IPA Example English approximation
Tamil script ISO 15919
a ??? ('stone') a n u t
aː ???? ('leg') ? br a
a? ???? ('arrest') ai b i te
a? ?????? (a type of bird) au h ou se
e ???? ('time limit') e b e t
eː ???? ('destruction') ? b ai t
i ???? ('mountain') i s i t
iː ???? ('mongoose') ? s ee t
o ???? ('give') o er o de
oː ???? ('a line drawn') ? o ld
u ????? ('pot') u l oo k
uː ????? ('hall') ? l oo t
? [8] ???? ('beauty') u g oo d
?? ??? ?? , ??? ?? (spoken Tamil only) - nasal vowel
([aː], [oː], etc.)
Suprasegmentals
IPA Notes
?? stress
(placed before stressed syllable)
?ː doubled consonant
(placed after doubled consonant)

Notes [ edit ]

  1. ^ a b [?] and [?] occur as word-medial and intervocalic allophones of /?/ .
  2. ^ ??? represents [ð] in intervocalic position.
  3. ^ ??? represents [h] in intervocalic position, but not when it appears as the first letter of a word.
  4. ^ a b Dental [n?] and alveolar [n] are allophones in Tamil. Both sound like / n / to English speakers.
  5. ^ ??? represents [dr] and [tːr] after corresponding nasal consonant and when geminated, respectively, in which the [t] and the [d] represent the voiceless and voiced postalveolar stops.
  6. ^ ??? represents [s] in intervocalic position.
  7. ^ a b c Only in loanwords.
  8. ^ word final /u/ is pronounced as [?]

Bibliography [ edit ]

  • Keane, Elinor (2004), "Tamil", Journal of the International Phonetic Association , 34 (1): 111?116, doi : 10.1017/S0025100304001549

See also [ edit ]

External links [ edit ]

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