Civil Parish in Lisbon, Portugal
Estoril
|
---|
|
Clockwise:
Casino Estoril
; Praia da Poca; Hotel Palacio Estoril; Tamariz Beach; Casino Gardens.
The beach of Tamariz, in the central coastal area of Estoril
|
Coat of arms
|
Location of the civil parish of Estoril in the municipality of
Cascais
|
Coordinates:
38°42′15″N
9°23′54″W
/
38.70417°N 9.39833°W
/
38.70417; -9.39833
|
Country
| Portugal
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Region
| Lisbon
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Subregion
| Lisbon metropolitan area
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District
| Lisbon
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Municipality
| Cascais
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Localities
| Alapraia, Alto dos Gaios, Areias, Atiba, Galiza, Bairro da Martinha, Bairro Sto Antonio, Bairro Fausto Figueiredo, Estoril, Livramento, Monte Estoril, Monte Leite, Sao Joao do Estoril, Sao Pedro do Estoril
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Time zone
| UTC0
(
WET
)
|
---|
? Summer (
DST
)
| UTC+1
(
WEST
)
|
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Postal Zone
| 2765-281
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Area code
| (+351) 214 XX XX XX
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Demonym
| Santo Antonio
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Geographic detail from CAOP (2010)
[1]
produced by Instituto Geografico Portugues (IGP)
|
Estoril
(
Portuguese pronunciation:
[??tu??il]
) is a town in the
Municipality of Cascais
,
Portugal
, on the
Portuguese Riviera
. It is a popular tourist destination, with
hotels
, beaches, and the
Casino Estoril
. It has been home to numerous
royal families
and celebrities, and has hosted a number of high-profile events, such as the
Estoril Open
and the
Lisbon & Estoril Film Festival
.
Estoril is one of the most expensive places to live in Portugal and the
Iberian Peninsula
. It is home to a sizable foreign community and known for its luxury restaurants, hotels, and entertainment.
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
Cascais is consistently ranked for its high quality of living, making it one of the most livable places in Portugal.
[9]
[10]
Etymology
[
edit
]
Estoril
may derive from the
Old Portuguese
estorga
(
heather
) - a common plant in the area ? with the final meaning of "place where heather grows or is abundant", or from the Old Portuguese
astor
(
Northern goshawk
), meaning a place where such birds live.
[11]
History
[
edit
]
The territory of Estoril has been inhabited for centuries, owing to its climatic conditions and favourable environment.
[12]
Throughout the civil parish there are scattered remains of these early communities ?
Phoenicians
,
Romans
and
Arabs
selected this area for its strategic place in Western Europe.
[12]
There are remains of Roman villas in the parish that push back the history of the region to the first millennium, when the settlements of the coast were dependent on the fishing ports. From these settlements, Estoril inherited a rich cultural heritage, architecture, toponymy, habits and customs.
[12]
In 1147, during the
Reconquista
, the region was brought under Christian control.
[12]
Owing to its strategic location, the region was intimately linked to the Portuguese
Age of Discovery
and all the dynamic social and cultural upheavals that it originated.
[12]
Its solid fortifications are a testament to the innumerable attacks by
Spanish
,
French
and
English
pirates
and
privateers
. The many forts that dot the coastline are symbols of the resistance and battles that secured
Portuguese independence
and national interests.
[12]
At the end of the monarchy, it was in the waters of Estoril that many sought refuge and escape. Aristocrats, nobles and others escaped through the ports along the Estoril coast to flee from the Republican forces.
[12]
In the hilltop enclave of Monte Estoril (situated between Estoril and Cascais), is the Verdades-Faria Museum, built in 1917 by Jorge O'Neil.
[12]
In 1942, the building was bought by Mantero Belard
[
who?
]
and dedicated to the support of the arts and artists. Following his death, the building was donated to Cascais Council under the name of Verdades Faria and now houses the regional
Museum of Portuguese Music
.
During the
Second World War
, the region was a centre of spies and diplomatic secrecy, situations that provided the region with a cosmopolitan atmosphere and sophistication.
[12]
Due to the vision of Fausto Cardoso de Figueiredo and his business partner Augusto Carreira de Sousa, it became an international tourist destination both during and after the Second World War.
[12]
During that time, several dignitaries and
exiles
came to Estoril:
Miklos Horthy
, the
regent
of
Hungary
(lived and died in exile after the Second World War); the
Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona
(father of
Juan Carlos I of Spain
) and the King resided in the territory, as did
Umberto II of Italy
and
Carol II of Romania
.
[12]
Former
King Edward VIII
the
Duke of Windsor
, briefly resided in an Estoril villa as more direct and reliably safe
routes to London from France
for his escape were cut off by
Blitzkrieg
during the invasion.
It was also in this location that former Portuguese dictator
Antonio de Oliveira Salazar
had a summer house. It was Salazar who ordered the construction of the E.N.6 motorway, more commonly referred to as the
Avenida Marginal
, in order for him to quickly travel by car between Cascais and Lisbon (until then the accessway was nothing more than a dirt road, where traffic could only circulate at low speed and make frequent stops).
[12]
The roadway permitted the dictator to travel rapidly, and with fewer stops, it wasn't possible for him to be recognized easily in transit.
[12]
The 4th
World Chess Champion
Alexander Alekhine
died in Estoril in 1946 under unknown circumstances.
The engineer
John Tojeiro
was born in Estoril.
Geography
[
edit
]
Population of
Estoril
(1849?2011)
Year
| Pop.
| ±%
|
---|
1970
| 15,440
| ?
|
---|
1981
| 24,312
| +57.5%
|
---|
1991
| 23,962
| ?1.4%
|
---|
2001
| 23,769
| ?0.8%
|
---|
2011
| 26,397
| +11.1%
|
---|
The Estoril coast is relatively close to
Lisbon
, the
Portuguese
capital; it extends from
Carcavelos
, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the capital, and stretches as far as the beach of
Guincho
(sometimes referred colloquially as the
Costa de Estoril-
Sintra
or
Costa de Lisboa
). Estoril includes several smaller boroughs and localities along the coastline, namely (from east to west): Sao Pedro do Estoril, Sao Joao do Estoril, Santo Antonio do Estoril (or simply Estoril) and Monte Estoril, as well as other to the interior.
Estoril is popularly recognized for the
Casino Estoril
, widely regarded as Europe's largest casino.
[12]
Climate
[
edit
]
Climate data for Monte Estoril, 1931-1960
|
Month
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Sep
|
Oct
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
Year
|
Record high °C (°F)
|
22.0
(71.6)
|
23.5
(74.3)
|
27.6
(81.7)
|
32.1
(89.8)
|
34.0
(93.2)
|
39.2
(102.6)
|
38.9
(102.0)
|
39.5
(103.1)
|
35.3
(95.5)
|
34.8
(94.6)
|
28.2
(82.8)
|
22.2
(72.0)
|
39.5
(103.1)
|
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
|
14.9
(58.8)
|
15.8
(60.4)
|
17.3
(63.1)
|
19.4
(66.9)
|
20.8
(69.4)
|
23.6
(74.5)
|
25.7
(78.3)
|
26.0
(78.8)
|
24.9
(76.8)
|
22.0
(71.6)
|
18.4
(65.1)
|
15.7
(60.3)
|
20.4
(68.7)
|
Daily mean °C (°F)
|
11.8
(53.2)
|
12.3
(54.1)
|
14.0
(57.2)
|
15.7
(60.3)
|
17.1
(62.8)
|
19.6
(67.3)
|
21.4
(70.5)
|
21.7
(71.1)
|
20.8
(69.4)
|
18.3
(64.9)
|
15.0
(59.0)
|
12.4
(54.3)
|
16.7
(62.0)
|
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
|
8.6
(47.5)
|
8.8
(47.8)
|
10.6
(51.1)
|
12.0
(53.6)
|
13.4
(56.1)
|
15.6
(60.1)
|
17.0
(62.6)
|
17.4
(63.3)
|
16.8
(62.2)
|
14.6
(58.3)
|
11.7
(53.1)
|
9.2
(48.6)
|
13.0
(55.4)
|
Record low °C (°F)
|
?0.3
(31.5)
|
?0.9
(30.4)
|
3.1
(37.6)
|
5.8
(42.4)
|
7.4
(45.3)
|
10.4
(50.7)
|
12.6
(54.7)
|
12.6
(54.7)
|
11.0
(51.8)
|
8.3
(46.9)
|
3.0
(37.4)
|
?0.9
(30.4)
|
?0.9
(30.4)
|
Average rainfall mm (inches)
|
97.0
(3.82)
|
67.6
(2.66)
|
91.0
(3.58)
|
49.6
(1.95)
|
38.0
(1.50)
|
13.0
(0.51)
|
2.4
(0.09)
|
4.4
(0.17)
|
28.61
(1.13)
|
68.4
(2.69)
|
82.3
(3.24)
|
93.9
(3.70)
|
636.21
(25.04)
|
Average rainy days
(≥ 0.1 mm)
|
14
|
11
|
14
|
9
|
9
|
4
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
10
|
13
|
13
|
106
|
Average
relative humidity
(%)
|
82
|
77
|
78
|
73
|
74
|
74
|
71
|
73
|
75
|
76
|
79
|
81
|
76
|
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
|
161.1
|
183.0
|
209.1
|
275.7
|
315.6
|
342.8
|
383.7
|
356.6
|
279.1
|
234.9
|
184.2
|
162.8
|
3,088.6
|
Percent
possible sunshine
|
53
|
60
|
56
|
70
|
71
|
77
|
85
|
84
|
75
|
68
|
61
|
55
|
68
|
Source:
Instituto de Meteorologia
[13]
[14]
|
Culture
[
edit
]
The
Museum of Portuguese Music- Casa Verdades de Faria
hosts an important collection of musical instruments related to popular music, assembled by
Michel Giacometti
.
Christine McVie
, from the band
Fleetwood Mac
, wrote a song called "Nights in Estoril" for their album
Time
.
Serbian-Portuguese author
Dejan Tiago Stankovic
published
Estoril, a war novel
[15]
in 2016, about Estoril during World War II.
Sport
[
edit
]
The major local
sports club
is the
Grupo Desportivo Estoril Praia
.
Motorsport
events are frequent at the
Estoril Circuit
, although
Formula One
is no longer on the circuit's calendar. This was due to the circuit not coming up to
FIA
safety standards, leading to the 1997 event being canceled. Following a review on safety, Estoril was reshaped in 1999, the first two corners being affected the most. Today's circuit is 4.183 km (2.599 mi) in length and is run in a clockwise fashion. The circuit also used to host MotoGP, among other lower formula events.
Estoril Open
is a tennis tournament within the
ATP World Tour
.
Education
[
edit
]
| This section
needs expansion
. You can help by
adding to it
.
(
May 2016
)
|
There are numerous education opportunities in and near Estoril, including a number of private schools for expats. The German community hosts a kindergarten and elementary school campus of the
German School of Lisbon
.
[16]
True to the high-end living in the area, there are schools for tennis
[2]
, art
[3]
, and intensive academic training from age five through college
[4]
[5]
. There are dozens of schools in the area. Most appear to be private, though six of the public schools can be reviewed at Agrupamento de Escolas de Parede.
[17]
Notable people
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
IGP, ed. (2010),
Carta Administrativa Oficial de Portugal
(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Instituto Geografico Portugues, archived from
the original
on July 3, 2014
, retrieved
1 July
2011
- ^
"Jornal Economico - Lisboa, Cascais e Sintra sao os municipios que mais encaixam com IMI"
. Archived from
the original
on 2019-03-27
. Retrieved
2018-07-29
.
- ^
RTP - Seis dos quinze concelhos mais ricos situam-se na Regiao de Lisboa
- ^
Publico - Grande Lisboa e a Regiao Iberica Mais Rica em Poder de Compra
- ^
Folha de S. Paulo - Mercado imobiliario em alta da apelido de nova Miami a Lisboa
- ^
Sapo Economia - Investir 1,3 milhoes de euros para vender imoveis de luxo em Lisboa
- ^
Diario de Noticias - Portugal e a nova Miami para os brasileiros ricos
- ^
"Expresso - O negocio milionario das casas de luxo em Portugal"
. Archived from
the original
on 2018-08-12
. Retrieved
2018-07-29
.
- ^
"Cascais e a terceira melhor cidade do pais"
. Observador
. Retrieved
5 June
2018
.
- ^
Eurodicas - Melhores Cidades de Portugal
- ^
Correia, J.Diogo (1964). ≪Toponimia do Concelho de Cascais≫ (PDF). Camara Municipal de Cascais. Consultado em 5 de novembro de 2018.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
Junta Freguesia, ed. (2011).
"Historia"
(in Portuguese). Estoril (Cascais), Portugal: Junta Freguesia de Estoril. Archived from
the original
on 7 October 2011
. Retrieved
8 February
2012
.
- ^
O Clima de Portugal: Normais climatologicas do Continente, Acores e Madeira correspondentes a 1931-1960
. Servico Meteorologico Nacional, Observatorio do Infante D. Luis (Lisboa). 1965. p. 108
. Retrieved
14 July
2021
.
- ^
O Clima de Portugal: Normais climatologicas do Continente, Acores e Madeira correspondentes a 1931-1960
. Servico Meteorologico Nacional, Observatorio do Infante D. Luis (Lisboa). 1965. p. 109
. Retrieved
14 July
2021
.
- ^
"Estoril, a war novel by Dejan Tiago-Stankovi? ? Reviews, Discussion, Bookclubs, Lists"
. goodreads.com
. Retrieved
2017-06-09
.
- ^
"
Kontakt
"/"
Contactos
Archived
2017-12-17 at the
Wayback Machine
."
German School of Lisbon
. Retrieved on May 5, 2016. German: "Deutsche Schule Lissabon Kindergarten, Grundschule, Gymnasium Rua Prof. Francisco Lucas Pires 1600-891 Lisboa Portugal" and "Deutsche Schule Lissabon - Standort Estoril Kindergarten, Grundschule Rua Dr. Antonio Martins, 26 2765-194 Estoril Portugal" ; Portuguese: "Escola Alema de Lisboa Jardim Infantil, Escola Primaria e Liceu Rua Prof. Francisco Lucas Pires 1600-891 Lisboa Portugal" and "Escola Alema de Lisboa - Dependencia do Estoril Jardim de Infancia, Escola Primaria Rua Dr. Antonio Martins, 26 2765-194 Estoril Portugal"
- ^
"
[1]
" (Schools - Grouping of Walls Schools). Retrieved on March 16, 2021.
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