Cruzeno , also known as Isleno (Ysleno) or Island Chumash , was one of the Chumashan languages spoken along the coastal areas of Southern California . It shows evidence of mixing between a core Chumashan language such as Barbareno or Ventureno and an indigenous language of the Channel Islands . The latter was presumably spoken on the islands since the end of the last ice age separated them from the mainland; Chumash would have been introduced in the first millennium after the introduction of plank canoes on the mainland. Evidence of the substratum language is retained in a noticeably non-Chumash phonology, and basic non-Chumash words such as those for 'water' and 'house'. ^[1]

References [ edit ]

• Heizer R. F., ed. 1952. California Indian linguistic records: The Mission Indian vocabularies of Alphonse Pinart . University of California Anthropological Records 15:1-84.
• Heizer R. F., ed. 1952. California Indian linguistic records: The Mission Indian vocabularies of H.W. Henshaw . University of California Anthropological Records 15:85-202.

External links [ edit ]

• Island Chumash language ? overview at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
• Berkeley.edu; California Language Archive: Island Chumash language
• Language-archives.org: OLAC resources about the Cruzeno language