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Eleventh-century geography text by Abu Abdullah al-Bakri
Book of Roads and Kingdoms
or
Book of Highways and Kingdoms
(
Arabic
:
???? ??????? ????????
,
Kit?b al-Mas?lik wa'l-Mam?lik
) is the name of an eleventh-century
geography
text by
Abu Abdullah al-Bakri
.
It was written in 1067-8 in
Cordoba
,
al-Andalus
(present day Spain). Al-Bakri based his work on the accounts of traders, the writings of
Muhammad ibn Y?suf al-Warr?q
,
[1]
(
On the Topography of North Africa
), and
Ibrahim ibn Yaqub
. Despite the fact that al-Bakri never left al-Andalus, his writings are regarded as objectively reporting the accounts of other travelers by contemporary historians, and much of what he wrote is substantiated in other sources.
He described a wide array of regions from the
Atlantic Ocean
, through the
Sahara
, to
Central Africa
, giving descriptions of the geography, people, culture and political situation in each region. The
Book of Roads and Kingdoms
exists today only in fragmentary form. It is sometimes confused with a
work by the same name
written in the ninth century by
Ibn Khordadbeh
.
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