Television channel operated by the BBC
Television channel
BBC Two
is a British
free-to-air
public broadcast
television channel owned and operated by the
BBC
. It covers a wide range of subject matter, with a remit "to broadcast
programmes of depth and substance
" in contrast to the more mainstream and popular
BBC One
.
Like the BBC's other domestic TV and radio channels, it is funded by the
television licence
, and is therefore free of commercial advertising. It is a comparatively well-funded
public-service
channel, regularly attaining a much higher audience share than most public-service channels worldwide.
Originally styled
BBC2
, it was the third British television station to be launched (starting on 21 April 1964), and from 1 July 1967, Europe's first television channel to broadcast regularly in colour. It was envisaged as a home for less mainstream and more ambitious programming, and while this tendency has continued to date, most special-interest programmes of a kind previously broadcast on BBC Two, for example the
BBC Proms
, now tend to appear on
BBC Four
instead.
A major global study by the polling organisation
Populus
for the BBC found that BBC Two is rated as the third-highest quality television channel in the world, behind
BBC One
and Brazil's
TV Cultura
. In general, publicly funded television was rated higher than commercial channels.
[1]
History
[
edit
]
Launch
[
edit
]
British television at the time of BBC2's launch consisted of two channels: the
BBC Television Service
and the
ITV
network made up of smaller regional companies. Both channels had existed in a state of competition since ITV's launch in 1955, and both had aimed for a populist approach in response. The 1962
Pilkington Report
on the future of broadcasting noticed this, and that ITV lacked any culturally relevant programming. It therefore decided that Britain's third television station should be awarded to the BBC.
[2]
Prior to its launch, the new BBC2 was promoted on the BBC Television Service: the soon-to-be-renamed
BBC1
. The animated adverts featured the campaign mascots "Hullabaloo", a mother
kangaroo
, and "Custard", her
joey
.
[
citation needed
]
Prior to, and several years after, the channel's formal launch, the channel broadcast "
Trade Test Transmissions
", short films made externally by companies such as
Shell
and
BP
, which served to enable engineers to test reception, but became
cult
viewing.
[
citation needed
]
The channel was scheduled to begin at 19:20 on 20 April 1964, showing an evening of light entertainment, starting with the comedy show
The Alberts
, a performance from
Soviet
comedian
Arkady Raikin
, and a production of
Cole Porter
's
Kiss Me, Kate
, culminating with a fireworks display. However, at around 18:45 a huge power failure, originating from a fire at
Battersea Power Station
, caused
Television Centre
, and indeed much of west London, to lose all power. BBC1 was able to continue broadcasting via its facilities at
Alexandra Palace
, but all attempts to show the scheduled programmes on the new channel failed.
Associated-Rediffusion
, the London weekday ITV franchise-holder, offered to transmit on the BBC's behalf, but their gesture was rejected. At 22:00 programming was officially postponed until the following morning. As the BBC's news centre at
Alexandra Palace
was unaffected, they did in fact broadcast brief bulletins on BBC2 that evening, beginning with an announcement by the newsreader
Gerald Priestland
at around 19:25.
[3]
There was believed to be no recording made of this bulletin, but a videotape was discovered in early 2003.
[4]
By 11:00 on 21 April 1964, power had been restored to the
studios
and programming began, thus making
Play School
the first programme to be shown officially on the channel. The launch schedule, postponed from the night before, was then successfully shown that evening, albeit with minor changes. In reference to the power cut, the transmission opened with a shot of a lit candle which was then sarcastically blown out by presenter
Denis Tuohy
.
[4]
To establish the new channel's identity and draw viewers to it, the BBC decided that a widely promoted, lavish series would be essential in its earliest days. The production chosen was
The Forsyte Saga
(1967), a no-expense-spared adaptation of the novels by
John Galsworthy
, featuring well-established actors
Kenneth More
and
Eric Porter
. Critically for the future of the fledgling channel, the BBC's gamble was hugely successful, with an average of six million viewers per episode: a feat made more prominent by the fact that only 9 million were able to receive the channel at the time.
[
citation needed
]
In 1974, BBC2's widely acclaimed
singer-songwriter
series,
In Concert
, was lauded by
The Guardian
as the only British music television program that "produced television ideas".
[5]
Technological advancements
[
edit
]
Unlike
BBC1
and ITV, BBC2 was broadcast only on the
625-line
UHF
system, so was not available to viewers still using sets only capable of receiving the
405-line
VHF
system. This created a market for dual standard receivers which could switch between the two systems. Set manufacturers increased production of UHF sets in anticipation of a large market demand for the new BBC2, but the market did not materialise.
[
citation needed
]
.
The early technical problems, which included being unable to transmit US-recorded videotapes due to a lack of
system conversion
from the US
NTSC
system, were resolved by a committee headed by
James Redmond
, although this problem was not unique to BBC2.
On 1 July 1967, during the
Wimbledon Championships
, BBC2 became the first channel in Europe to begin regular broadcasts in colour, using the
PAL
system.
[6]
The thirteen-part series
Civilisation
(1969) was created as a celebration of two millennia of western art and culture to showpiece the new colour technology.
[7]
BBC1 and ITV later joined BBC2 on 625-line UHF band but continued to simulcast on 405-line VHF until 1985. BBC1 and ITV simultaneously introduced PAL colour on UHF on 15 November 1969, although they both had broadcast some programmes in colour "unofficially" since September 1969.
In 1979, the station's adoption of the first computer-generated channel identification (ident) in Britain, with its use of the
double striped, orange '2' logo
, heralded the start of computer-generated logos. The ident, created in-house by BBC engineers, lasted until March 1986.
As the
switch to digital-only terrestrial transmission
progressed, BBC Two was (in each region in turn) the first
analogue TV channel
to be replaced with the BBC multiplex, at first four, then two weeks ahead of the other four channels. This was required for those relay transmitters that had no current
Freeview
service giving viewers time to purchase the equipment unless they had already selected a satellite or cable service. The last region for BBC Two to end on analogue terrestrial television was
Northern Ireland
on 10 October 2012.
At the 2012
Edinburgh International Television Festival
, BBC Two was named "Terrestrial Channel of the Year".
[8]
A
high-definition
simulcast of BBC Two began broadcasting on 26 March 2013, replacing the standalone
BBC HD
channel.
[9]
As of 29 November 2018
[update]
, there are three variations of BBC Two HD (Wales, Northern Ireland, and England).
[10]
Operation
[
edit
]
The channel controllers have been:
Adam Barker served as Acting Controller of the channel after
Janice Hadlow
left the channel in March 2014 and until
Kim Shillinglaw
began as the new permanent occupant of the post.
From 2013, the Controller of BBC Two was given the expanded title Controller of BBC Two and
BBC Four
, with ultimate oversight of the BBC Four service added to their duties (a BBC Four "Channel Editor", reporting up to this Controller, was allocated day-to-day operational control of Four).
The channel forms part of the
BBC Television
executive group and is answerable to the head of that department, and to the
BBC Board
.
On 20 January 2016,
Kim Shillinglaw
announced that she had decided to leave the BBC as the Controller of BBC Two & BBC Four; as a result of the reorganisation, the posts of Controller of BBC Two and BBC Four were closed.
[12]
Patrick Holland became Channel Controller of BBC Two in March 2017, following his earlier appointment as Channel Editor in July 2016.
[13]
Programming
[
edit
]
BBC Two's remit is to be a mixed-genre channel appealing to a broad adult audience with programmes of depth and substance. It should carry the greatest amount and range of
knowledge building
programming of any BBC television channel, complemented by distinctive comedy, drama and arts programming.
BBC Two's historical scope was arts, culture, some comedy and drama, and appealing to audiences not already served by BBC One or ITV. Over its first thirty or so years the channel developed a reputation for screening highly praised and prestigious drama series, among these
Boys from the Blackstuff
(1982), 1991's highly successful
The Men's Room
, the costume drama
Middlemarch
(1994) or 1996's critically acclaimed
Our Friends in the North
. The channel's "highbrow" profile is also in part attributable to a long history of demanding documentaries of all types, beginning with
Civilisation
and
The Ascent of Man
in the 1960s. Like the early
Channel 4
, BBC Two also established for itself a reputation as a champion of independent and international cinema, under the
Screen 2
brand.
The channel has sometimes been judged, increasingly in more recent years, to have moved away from this original role and closer to the mainstream. Since the launch of the digital-only
BBC Four
, the BBC has been accused in particular of shifting its more highbrow output to the new channel, which, until the end of the UK's digital TV switchover in October 2012,
[15]
a minority (7.5% in the final quarter of 2010)
[16]
of viewers did not receive. BBC Four's remit is very similar to the earlier remit of BBC2, and contains many documentaries and arts programmes. It has been perceived by some that this strategy is to allow BBC Two to show more popular programmes and to secure higher ratings.
[17]
Since 2004 there have been some signs of an attempt to return closer to parts of BBC Two's earlier output with the arts strand
The Culture Show
. Its most popular programme at the moment is
Top Gear
, which now moved to BBC One.
Much of BBC Two's output has previously or subsequently been shown on other channels. Some of these programmes are repeats of popular or flagship programmes from BBC Four in a late-night strand, originally called
BBC Four on Two
but now unbranded. Other programmes are moved to the channel as a result of their success on
BBC Three
or Four, so that subsequent series are well received. An example of this is the BBC Three series
Torchwood
, which was transferred to the channel following the success of the first series. BBC Two is also used as a testing ground for programmes prior to their moving to the flagship
BBC One
: such examples include
Have I Got News for You
and popular comedies
Absolutely Fabulous
and
Miranda
, which moved to BBC One after success on Two. Also in August 2014,
The Great British Bake Off
moved to BBC One, due to its success the previous year on BBC Two. In 2017,
Bake Off
moved from BBC One to
Channel 4
.
Another founding part of BBC Two was to provide educational and community programming on the BBC, as part of its public service remit. The educational section of this commitment saw BBC2 broadcast a large amount of programming for the
Open University
, who co-produced programming with the corporation, and saw the channel broadcast
BBC Schools
programmes from 1983 until the programmes were transferred to the
BBC Learning Zone
in 2010.
As a result of the channel's commitment to community broadcasting, the channel produced the symbolic
Open Space
series, a strand developed in the early 1970s in which members of the public would be allotted half an hour of television time, and given a level of editorial and technical training in order to produce for themselves a film on an issue most important to them. BBC2's
Community Programme Unit
kept this aspect of the channel's tradition alive into the 1990s in the form of
Video Diaries
and later
Video Nation
. The Community Programmes Unit was disbanded in 2004.
BBC Two has also given various programmes from around the world their first UK broadcasts, and have introduced many more to terrestrial audiences. International shows that have been broadcast on BBC Two include
M*A*S*H
,
The Simpsons
,
24
,
Family Guy
,
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
,
Malcolm in the Middle
,
American Dad!
,
The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air
,
The Ren & Stimpy Show
,
Moonlighting
,
The Tracey Ullman Show
and
Star Trek: Voyager
.
In January 2013, BBC Two ceased to show children's programmes and replaced the weekday morning schedule with repeats of the previous BBC One daytime schedule, children's programmes was returned in 2017 and 2022 in Saturday morning. It also began showing
Sign Zone
in the early hours; prior to 2013, this had been broadcast by BBC One. This was the only channel that broadcast Sign Zone in the early hours until the relaunch of
BBC Three
as a television channel in 2022.
From October 2013, BBC Two has shown classic programmes like
Bergerac
,
Cagney and Lacey
,
The Rockford Files
,
'Allo 'Allo!
, and
Are You Being Served?
on weekday afternoons, with the retro logos from 1970s and 1980s, between the current programmes.
[
citation needed
]
In October 2014,
Russell Howard's Good News
and
Backchat
moved to BBC Two from BBC Three.
In 2014, BBC Two commissioned Britain's first transgender sitcom,
Boy Meets Girl
, which follows the developing relationship between Leo, a 26-year-old man, and Judy, a 40-year-old transgender woman.
[18]
From 7 April 2015, the morning
Sign Zone
was shown before
Victoria Derbyshire
8:00am-9:00 am including
See Hear
on Wednesday morning.
BBC Two is also known for broadcasting some news and
current affairs
programmes. It broadcasts BBC News updates every morning at 9 am, simulcasting
the BBC News channel
after it stops simulcasting
BBC Breakfast
on BBC1. This includes an edition of
BBC Business Today
at 11:30 and
Sportsday
at 11:45, then fifteen minutes of
BBC News Now
, this had previously been between 2006-2010 an edition of
World News Today
and 2010-2011
GMT
. At 12:15 pm during the
Parliament session
,
political debate
programme
Politics Live
is broadcast on BBC Two. On Wednesdays, due to the
Prime Minister's Questions
, the programme is broadcast at the earlier time of 11:15am. The programme is not broadcast on Fridays or when Parliament is on a holiday break, so the simulcast of
BBC News Now
continues until 1:00pm for the
BBC News at One
on BBC One. At 10:30pm, current affairs programme
Newsnight
provides reports and analysis of the stories behind the day's headlines. BBC Two does not broadcast any news and current affairs programming at the weekend.
From 2017 until 2019, it broadcast the UK selection show for the
Eurovision Song Contest
,
Eurovision: You Decide
. The channel stopped broadcasting the show after the 2019 edition due to the fact that the BBC opted for an internal selection in collaboration with
BMG Rights Management
.
In 2020, it was reported that the programme
Victoria Derbyshire
would end, owing to the BBC's £80m cuts.
[19]
Since the beginning of the
Coronavirus pandemic
,
Victoria Derbyshire
has been presenting the first hour of BBC News, which continues until 13:00.
[
citation needed
]
BBC Two is also known for broadcasting some BBC One programmes in a change to the schedules when that channel is broadcasting a BBC News Special. For example; during the Coronavirus pandemic, BBC1 aired
press conferences
from the
UK government
about major developments from the pandemic and the scheduled BBC One programming during those News Specials was broadcast on BBC Two. However, on 9 April 2021 ? the day of the
death
of
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
? BBC Two and BBC One both simulcast BBC News for the whole day. The same would happen on both 8 and 19 September 2022, following the
death and state funeral respectively
of
Elizabeth II
.
Presentation and former logos
[
edit
]
2007?2018 (primary), 2018?2021 (secondary)
The paint ident, one of the "2s" idents that were used from 16 February 1991 to 19 November 2001, and from 1 January 2015 to 27 September 2018
The 1991 idents featured a
sans-serif
numeral
2
at the centre of an initially art-related scene; however, the idents moved away from this style as the station's style changed. Although highly praised, this expansive set of idents was ended in November 2001. The
BBC corporate logo
was updated within the idents in October 1997, though the idents moved away from the original
viridian
colour scheme in these latter years. The
subsequent presentation style
was introduced on 19 November 2001 and kept the same figure
2
, but in a yellow background and given a personality. At the time, BBC Two became the first BBC channel to feature a box logo.
In 2007, BBC Two debuted
the new theme
, a "Window on the World", with the
2
numeral providing that view. Introduced on 18 February 2007, the new look also had the channel adopt a teal-coloured box logo, featuring the BBC logo above the word
TWO
, now in the font
Avenir
.
In 2014, in honour of the channel's 50th anniversary, some of the 1990s idents were re-introduced and from 2015, BBC Two
Northern Ireland
opted to use nearly forty idents from the 1991?2001 set.
On 27 September 2018, the 1991?2001 idents were retired once again and BBC Two introduced a new set of idents, based on scenes incorporating a curve motif resembling the number 2. The new branding is designed to reflect BBC Two's "constant evolution, constant eclecticism, [and] constant sense of quality". The new idents are produced by various artists and studios, including
Aardman Animations
,
The Mill
and others. The new identity was developed by BBC Creative and Superunion.
[20]
[21]
[22]
Regional variations
[
edit
]
BBC Two also has regional variations in
Wales
and
Northern Ireland
, which occasionally opt out of the national BBC Two feed to air programmes of local interest.
In November 2001,
BBC Wales
introduced a special opt-out service known as
BBC 2W
, which aired weekdays from 8.30 p.m. to 10 p.m. in the BBC Two Wales channel space on digital television, and carried a separate schedule of Welsh-produced programming in comparison to the analogue BBC Two Wales. BBC 2W was discontinued in 2008 due to the transition to digital terrestrial television, with the main BBC Two Wales schedule being carried on Freeview thereafter.
[23]
BBC Two Scotland
operated until February 2019, when it was replaced by the national feed. Concurrently, a bespoke
BBC Scotland channel
was launched, which simulcasts the BBC Two schedule with opt-outs for local programming from 7:00 p.m. to midnight nightly, and occasionally during the afternoon for news and sports programmes.
[24]
[25]
[26]
Availability outside the UK
[
edit
]
The
Northern Irish
version of BBC Two is widely available in the
Republic of Ireland
on satellite and
cable
, as well as being received directly in areas bordering
Northern Ireland
, or in coastal areas from
Wales
. The national version of BBC Two is also available on cable and
IPTV
in the
Netherlands
, Belgium,
Switzerland
,
Monaco
and
Liechtenstein
.
The channel is registered to broadcast within the European Union/EEA through the Luxembourgish Broadcasting Regulator ? ALIA.
[27]
[28]
On 27 March 2013, it began being carried by
British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS)
to members of HM Forces and their families around the world, replacing the
BFBS2
TV channel, which already carried a selection of BBC Two programmes.
[29]
It shares a channel with
CBBC
, which broadcasts from early morning until the early evening.
[30]
All feeds of BBC Two in both SD and HD are broadcast unencrypted on the Astra 2E and 2G satellites, allowing viewing across Belgium, the Netherlands, the Republic of Ireland and parts of France, Germany and Spain.
[31]
[32]
Accessibility
[
edit
]
The BBC announced in May 2008 that it had achieved its aim for all programming to have
subtitles
for viewers with hearing difficulties.
[33]
[34]
These are available on the
BBC Red Button
, and until 23 October 2012, via the
Ceefax
teletext service.
The BBC also offers
audio description
on some popular programmes
[35]
for visually impaired-viewers as well as
British sign language
interpretation on some of its programmes for
deaf
and hard-of-hearing viewers. The percentage of the BBC's total television output with audio description available is 10%, having been increased from 8% in 2008.
[36]
BBC Two HD
[
edit
]
Originally, programmes from BBC Two were shown in
high definition
on the dedicated
BBC HD
channel, alongside programmes from
BBC Three
and
BBC Four
, as well as some select series from
CBBC
and
CBeebies
. However, in plans outlined by the director general
Mark Thompson
on 6 October 2011, BBC HD would close to be replaced by
BBC Two HD
, a high-definition simulcast of BBC Two that would work much the same way as
BBC One HD
.
[37]
This move allowed the corporation to save £2.1 million, used to count towards its budget deficit following the freezing of the licence fee and the additional financial responsibility of addition services.
[38]
On 19 February 2013, it was announced that BBC Two HD would replace BBC HD from 6.05 a.m. on 26 March 2013.
[39]
Channel numbers for the BBC's HD channels also changed on Sky, to allow BBC One HD and BBC Two HD to sit side-by-side on channels 141, and 142 respectively on the
EPG
.
[39]
[40]
On 16 July 2013, the BBC indicated that it wants to launch Northern Irish, Scottish and Welsh variations of BBC Two HD; however, this would require the approval of the BBC Trust, with a proposal due to be presented within six months.
[41]
On 10 December 2013, BBC Two HD was swapped with the SD channel in England on Sky's EPG for HD subscribers.
[42]
In October 2018, the BBC announced that regional variants of BBC Two HD in
Wales
and
Northern Ireland
would launch at the end of November that year on terrestrial, satellite (Wales only) and iPlayer. BBC Two HD in these regions were swapped with the SD channel on Sky's EPG for HD subscribers. A Scotland variant was not launched, as BBC Two Scotland was discontinued in February 2019 in favour of the new BBC Scotland channel. BBC Two Northern Ireland HD later eventually launched on Sky and Freesat on 5 January 2023, with the SD version shutting down on Sky and Freesat on 24 January 2023.
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"International Perceptions of TV Quality"
(PDF)
.
Downloads.bbc.co.uk
.
Archived
(PDF)
from the original on 8 March 2014
. Retrieved
21 February
2022
.
- ^
"British Television up to the end of the Sixties"
. Sixtiescity.com. Archived from
the original
on 24 October 2007
. Retrieved
12 September
2007
.
- ^
Williams, Hywel.
"BBC 2 Aborted Launch Night"
.
Archived
from the original on 14 June 2021
. Retrieved
12 September
2007
.
- ^
a
b
Briggs, Caroline (20 April 2004).
"The launch night that never was"
.
BBC News
. Retrieved
4 October
2011
.
- ^
"Catch BBC-2 - now, and perhaps never again, is the moment for courage, adventure, and the pursuit of excellence"
.
Newspapers.com
.
The Guardian
. 19 April 1974. p. 15
. Retrieved
5 June
2023
.
- ^
TV Technology 8. Britain In Colour ? and UHF.
Screenonline, Richard G. Elen. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
- ^
David Attenborough
extra on BBC DVD
Civilisation
by
Kenneth Clark
.
- ^
"BBC Two wins terrestrial channel of the year"
. BBC News, 24 August 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
- ^
"BBC Two HD channel goes live, replacing BBC HD"
.
What Hi-Fi
. 26 March 2013. Archived from
the original
on 15 June 2013
. Retrieved
9 July
2013
.
- ^
"Changes to our HD portfolio and satellite transponders"
.
About the BBC Blog
. 16 October 2018
. Retrieved
29 November
2018
.
- ^
"Kim Shillinglaw Named BBC Two & BBC Four Controller"
.
TVWise
. 11 April 2014.
- ^
"Strategic reorganisation of BBC TV sees Charlotte Moore appointed Controller, TV Channels and iPlayer"
.
BBC
. 19 January 2016
. Retrieved
12 November
2018
.
- ^
"Patrick Holland"
.
About the BBC
. Bbc.com.
- ^
"BBC Two Service License"
(PDF)
. BBC Trust. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 28 January 2012
. Retrieved
4 October
2011
.
- ^
End of analogue era as switchover completes
, Digital UK, London, 10 October 2012
.
Archived
3 June 2013 at the
Wayback Machine
.
Digitaluk.co.uk
, Retrieved 9 May 2013.
- ^
"Digital Television Update"
.
ofcom.org.uk
. Archived from
the original
on 9 May 2013.
- ^
"Blogposts"
.
The Guardian
.
- ^
"BBC2 commissions Britain's first transgender sitcom Boy Meets Girl"
.
The Independent
. 22 August 2014.
- ^
"Derbyshire tells viewers 'we don't give up'
"
.
BBC News
. 23 January 2020
. Retrieved
16 April
2020
.
- ^
Waterson, Jim (25 September 2018).
"BBC Two to get first full rebrand since early 90s"
.
The Guardian
. Retrieved
26 September
2018
.
- ^
"BBC Two issues 're-invigorating' rebrand, vivid and colourful to reflect content diversity"
.
The Drum
. Retrieved
27 September
2018
.
- ^
Dawood, Sarah (26 September 2018).
"BBC Two rebrands for first time in 20 years"
.
Design Week
. Centaur Communications
. Retrieved
29 September
2018
.
- ^
"BBC Wales launches new channel"
.
BBC News
. 29 October 2001
. Retrieved
24 February
2022
.
- ^
"New BBC Scotland TV channel launches"
.
BBC News
. 24 February 2019
. Retrieved
25 February
2019
.
- ^
"Where to find the new BBC Scotland TV channel"
.
BBC News
. 31 January 2019
. Retrieved
12 February
2019
.
- ^
"BBC faces strict quotas to ensure it delivers on promises on Scottish content on new channel"
.
Herald Scotland
. 3 September 2018
. Retrieved
12 February
2019
.
- ^
"Supervisory activities"
.
Alia.lu
. 13 November 2021. Archived from
the original
on 27 June 2021
. Retrieved
7 April
2021
.
- ^
"Services de television sur antenne soumis au controle de l'ALIA"
(PDF)
.
Alia.lu
.
Archived
(PDF)
from the original on 20 March 2021
. Retrieved
21 February
2022
.
- ^
UK Forces broadcasting contract begins
,
Ministry of Defence
, 2 April 2013
- ^
"BFBS Radio Set for a Makeover On 27th March - BFBS"
. 3 June 2013. Archived from
the original
on 3 June 2013
. Retrieved
12 November
2018
.
- ^
"28°E ? Astra 2E Spot Beam"
.
SatBeams.com
. Retrieved
29 January
2021
.
- ^
"28°E ? Astra 2G Spot Beam"
.
SatBeams.com
. Retrieved
29 January
2021
.
- ^
BBC Vision celebrates 100% subtitling
BBC Press Office, 7 May 2008.
- ^
About the BBC ? Policy on subtitles
Archived
19 January 2010 at the
Wayback Machine
BBC
- ^
"Freeview Audio Description TV Schedule"
.
TV Help
.
- ^
About the BBC ? Audio description on TV
Archived
25 January 2010 at the
Wayback Machine
BBC
- ^
"BBC set to cut 2,000 jobs by 2017"
.
BBC News
. 6 October 2011
. Retrieved
7 October
2011
.
- ^
"BBC cuts at a glance"
.
BBC News
. 6 October 2011
. Retrieved
7 October
2011
.
- ^
a
b
"BBC ? Media Centre ? BBC Two HD Channel to launch 26 March"
.
BBC Online
. 19 February 2013. Archived from
the original
on 25 December 2018
. Retrieved
20 December
2019
.
- ^
"BBC Two HD Launched"
.
CNET
. 26 March 2013. Archived from
the original
on 29 March 2013
. Retrieved
27 March
2013
.
- ^
"BBC to launch five new subscription-free HD channels"
. BBC Media Centre. 17 July 2013. Archived from
the original
on 26 July 2018
. Retrieved
17 July
2013
.
- ^
Pryde, Alix (9 December 2013).
"CBBC HD, CBeebies HD, BBC Three HD, BBC Four HD & BBC News HD launch Tuesday 10 December 2013"
. BBC
. Retrieved
10 December
2013
.
Notes
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
|
---|
|
UK channels
| |
---|
UK nations
and regions
| |
---|
Services and
programming
blocks
| |
---|
UKTV
channels
| |
---|
International
channels
and
joint ventures
| |
---|
Defunct
channels
| |
---|
|
|
---|
UK national newspapers, magazines, and other periodicals
|
---|
|
|
|
|
---|
Principal
channels
(
List
)
| |
---|
Services
and
platforms
| |
---|
Studios
| |
---|
Other
| |
---|
|
|
Companies and organisations
|
---|
Major
companies
| |
---|
Resources
| |
---|
Government and
regulatory bodies
| |
---|
Industry and
trades bodies
| |
---|
Other
| |
---|
|
|
Regional and student media
|
---|
Regional media
| |
---|
Student media
| |
---|
|
|
|
|
---|
TV channels
| |
---|
Radio stations
| |
---|
Local channels
| |
---|
Streamed channels
| |
---|
TV platforms
| |
---|
Miscellaneous
| |
---|