From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
January 9, 1317:
Philip the Tall
is crowned as King of France and Navarre.
Calendar year
Year
1317
(
MCCCXVII
) was a
common year starting on Saturday
(link will display the full calendar) of the
Julian calendar
.
Events
[
edit
]
January – March
[
edit
]
- January 9
– The 23-year-old
Philip the Tall
, younger brother of the late King
Louis X of France
, is hastily crowned
King of France
, as King Philip V, at
Rheims
. The only son of King Louis X had been born posthumously, but died after four days. Supporters of King Louis felt that his eldest daughter,
Joan II of Navarre
, should have been crowned as the monarch. Mass protests follow in
Artois
,
Champagne
and
Burgundy
. The coronation of a brother, instead of the eldest daughter, as the successor to the throne sets the precedent for the
Salic law
, providing that the eldest male heir inherits the throne.
[1]
[2]
Philip V reorganizes the French army by extending the military obligations of the realm. Each town and castellany is responsible for providing a specified number of fully equipped troops ? such as sergeants and infantry militias, while towns in economically advanced areas like
Flanders
become a major source of men and money. At the same time, the
arriere ban
(military recruitment) is generally commuted in favour for taxation.
[3]
- February 1
–
Manuel Pessanha
of
Genoa
is appointed as the first Chief
Admiral of Portugal
(
Almirante-mor
) by
King Denis
, and charged with organizing a permanent navy for the kingdom, with 20 warships and hiring Genoese captains to recruit sailors. The organization of the
Portuguese Royal Navy
is completed by December 12.
- February 16
– (10th day of 1st month of 6
Sh?wa
) An earthquake of estimated 7.0 magnitude strikes
Kyoto
. On February 22, an aftershock of 6.0 magnitude follows the first quake.
- March 15
–
Pope John XXII
admonishes King
Frederick III of Sicily
to take severe measures against the
Fraticelli
, the Spiritual Franciscans who have broken with the Roman Catholic Church doctrine.
- March 17
– In Germany,
Waldemar the Great
becomes the sole ruler of the reunited
Margraviate of Brandenburg
upon the death of his cousin,
John V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel
. Waldemar had been the Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal since 1308.
- March 23
– In France,
Hugues Geraud
, the Roman Catholic Bishop of
Cahors
, is arrested along with plotting to assassinate Pope John XXII (with poisoned bread) and to use evil magic against him and two of his advisors,
Bertrand du Pouget
and
Gaucelme de Jean
. Following a trial, Geraud is convicted of witchcraft and sacrilege, and executed on August 30.
- March 31
–
Pope John XXII
claims imperial rights of government in
Italy
for the papacy. He erects the dioceses of
Lucon
,
Maillezais
, and
Tulle
and issues the
decretal
Spondent Pariter
prohibiting
alchemy
.
[4]
April – June
[
edit
]
- April 7
–
Louis of Toulouse
is canonized as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church by Pope John XXII.
- April 11
– In
Italy
's
Republic of Massa
, coinage is resumed by arrangement of the Republic and of the Benzi family.
[5]
- April 27
– John XXII orders the
Spiritual Franciscans
, including the French priest
Bernard Delicieux
, to come to
Avignon
and answer for their disobedience.
[6]
Upon arrival, Delicieux is arrested and interrogated.
[7]
- May 13
–
King Edward II
restores the dower lands that had been surrendered by
Margaret de Clare
, widow of
Piers Gaveston
.
[8]
- May 22
– Pursuant to the papal order of April 27, the first of the Spiritual Franciscans (
Fraticelli
) appear before Pope John XXII to be confronted over their disobedience.
[9]
- June 13
– Cardinal
Jacques de Via
, Bishop of Avignon and nephew of Pope John XXII, is found dead. A court will conclude on August 30 that de Via was murdered by
witchcraft
.
- June 23
–
Thawun Gyi
, Burmese
monarch
of the principality of
Toungoo
, is assassinated by his younger brother,
Thawun Nge
, who takes his place.
July – September
[
edit
]
- July 5
– Mongol Prince
Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan
becomes the ruler of the
Ilkhanate
, the Mongol-controlled area of the Middle East.
[10]
- July 22
–
Alexander de Bicknor
is consecrated by the Pope as the
Archbishop of Dublin
.
- August 21
–
Hugues Geraud
, the Catholic Bishop of Cahors who is implicated in a plot to assassinate
Pope John XXII
, is personally questioned by the Pope. Geraud is convicted on August 30 of witchcraft, sacrilege and the June 13 murder of Cardinal
Jacques de Via
, and is burned at the stake as punishment.
- September 1
– Near
Rushyford
in County Durham, English knight
Gilbert Middleton
begins a rebellion against King Edward II. Middleton attacks and takes hostage the newly elected Bishop of Durham,
Louis de Beaumont
, Louis' brother
Henry de Beaumont
, and two cardinals,
Gauscelin de Jean
and
Luca Fieschi
. The cardinals are set free, while the Beaumonts are imprisoned at
Mitford Castle
for the next seven weeks.
[11]
October – December
[
edit
]
- October 7
– Pope John XXII issues the bull
Quorundam exigit
, imposing a more lenient treatment of supporters of the Franciscan cause of "unconditional poverty".
[6]
- October 17
– Sir
Gilbert Middleton
releases the Bishop of Durham,
Louis de Beaumont
, and the bishop's brother Henry after being paid a ransom of 500 marks (2,000 troy ounces) of silver.
[11]
- November 9
–
William II
, son of King
Frederick III of Sicily
, becomes the new
Duke of Athens
upon the death of his older brother,
Manfred of Sicily
.
- November 13
–
Yahballaha III
, Patriarch of the
Church of the East
in Byzantium, dies after serving 26 years as leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Timothy II of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
will be elected to succeed him.
- November 25
–
Treaty of Templin
: After ending the war between the
Margraviate of Brandenburg
and
Denmark
, Brandenburg is forced to negotiate a truce. King
Eric VI
, his ally Duke
Henry the Lion
and
Waldemar the Great
sign a peace treaty in
Templin
. Brandenburg agrees to transfer
Burg Stargard
and
Arnsberg
castle to
Mecklenburg
. They also surrender the territories of
Schlawe-Stolp
, located on the
Baltic coast
, to
Pomerania
.
[12]
[13]
- December 11
– King
Birger Magnusson
has his brothers, Dukes
Eric Magnusson
and
Valdemar Magnusson
, captured and thrown into a dungeon during the
Nykoping Banquet
? as a revenge for their imprisonment of him in the
Hatuna games
(see
1306
). As the brothers soon starve to death in the dungeon, their followers rebel against Birger, throwing
Sweden
into civil war.
- December 12
– The
Portuguese Royal Navy
, with 20 warships, is created by order of
King Denis
. The Navy has 20 armed
galleys
as warships, under the command of Admiral
Manuel Pessanha
and will celebrate its 700th anniversary in 2017 as the
oldest continuously serving navy in the world
.
Date unknown
[
edit
]
- A Hungarian document mentions for the first time
Basarab I
as leader of
Wallachia
(historians estimate he was on the throne since about
1310
). Basarab will become the first
voivode
of Wallachia as an independent state, and founder of the
House of Basarab
(until
1352
).
[14]
- The
Great Famine of 1315?1317
comes to an end. Crop harvests return to normal ? but it will be another five years before food supplies are completely replenished in
Northern Europe
. Simultaneously, the people are so weakened by diseases such as
pneumonia
,
bronchitis
, and
tuberculosis
. Historians debate the toll, but it is estimated that 10?25% of the population of many cities and towns dies.
[15]
Births
[
edit
]
- March 21
–
Isabel de Verdun
, English noblewoman (
House of Clare
) (d.
1349
)
- date unknown
- Blanche of Valois
, queen consort of
Germany
and
Bohemia
(d.
1348
)
- Euphemia of Sweden
, Swedish noblewoman and princess (d.
1370
)
- Coloman
, Hungarian
nobleman
, prince,
prelate
and bishop (d.
1375
)
- Godfrey de Foljambe
, English nobleman and
Chief Justice
(d.
1376
)
- Ichij? Tsunemichi
, Japanese nobleman (
kugy?
) and regent (d.
1365
)
- John II
, Sicilian nobleman and prince (
House of Barcelona
) (d. 1348)
- Michael Szecsenyi
, Hungarian nobleman, cleric and bishop (d.
1377
)
- Ralph de Spigurnell
, English nobleman, knight and admiral (d.
1373
)
- Vuk Kosa?a
, Bosnian nobleman (
knyaz
),
magnate
and ruler (d.
1359
)
Deaths
[
edit
]
- February 6
–
Brinolfo Algotsson
, Swedish bishop and theologian (b.
1240
)
- February 7
–
Robert de Clermont
, French nobleman and prince (b.
1256
)
- February 11
–
Ralph Fitzwilliam
, English nobleman and knight (b. 1256)
- April 6
–
Guy IV
, French nobleman and
Grand Butler
(
House of Chatillon
)
- April 19
–
Nitch?
, Japanese
Buddhist
monk, cleric and scholar (b.
1252
)
- April 20
–
Agnes of Montepulciano
, Italian prioress and saint (b.
1268
)
[16]
- May 23
–
Guy of Avesnes
, French bishop (
House of Avesnes
) (b.
1253
)
- June 23
–
Thawun Gyi
, Burmese founder and ruler of
Toungoo
(b.
1258
)
- June 25
–
Henry of Harclay
, English philosopher and
chancellor
(b.
1270
)
- August 14
–
Bernard de Castanet
, French diplomat and bishop (b. 1240)
- September 21
–
Viola of Teschen
, queen consort of Bohemia and
Poland
- October 8
–
Fushimi
, Japanese emperor and calligrapher (b.
1265
)
[17]
[18]
- October 26
–
Alice of Hainault
, French noblewoman (House of Avesnes)
- November 9
–
Manfred of Sicily
, Sicilian nobleman and prince (b.
1306
)
- November 13
–
Yahballaha III
, Turkic patriarch of the
Church of the East
- November 28
–
Yishan Yining
, Chinese monk and calligrapher (b.
1247
)
- December 15
–
Maria of Bytom
, queen consort of
Hungary
and
Croatia
- December 24
–
Jean de Joinville
, French historian and writer (b.
1224
)
- date unknown
- Dujam II
, Croatian nobleman and
oligarch
(
House of Frankopan
)
- Gerard of Bologna
, Italian
Carmelite
theologian and philosopher
- Guillemette of Neufchatel
, Swiss noblewoman (
suo jure
) (b.
1260
)
- Irene Violante of Montferrat
, Byzantine empress consort (b.
1274
)
- John I Orsini
, Latin nobleman, knight and ruler (
House of Orsini
)
- John the Illustrious
, German nobleman and knight (b.
1302
)
- Malise III of Strathearn
, Scottish nobleman and politician (b.
1257
)
- Parsoma
("the Naked"), Egyptian Coptic
hermit
and saint (b. 1257)
- Ram Khamhaeng the Great
, Tai ruler of
Sukhothai
(b.
1239
)
- Robert of Burgundy
, French nobleman and knight (b.
1300
)
- Roger Brabazon
, English lawyer and Chief Justice (b. 1247)
- Stephen de Dunnideer
, English bishop-elect
- Tolberto III
, Italian nobleman (
House of Caminesi
) (b.
1263
)
- Wolfert II van Borselen
, Dutch nobleman and knight (b.
1280
)
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Jordan, William Chester (2005).
Unceasing Strife, Unending Fear: Jacques de Therines and the Freedom of the Church in the Age of the Last Capetians
, p. 69. Princeton University Press.
- ^
Wagner, John. A. (2006).
Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War
, p. 250. Westport: Greenwood Press.
- ^
David Nicolle (2000). Osprey:
Crecy 1346 ? Triumph of the Longbow
, p. 22.
ISBN
1-85532-966-2
.
- ^
Hywel Williams (2005).
Cassell's Chronology of World History
, p. 157.
ISBN
0-304-35730-8
.
- ^
"La moneta coniata a Massa Marittima"
. Archived from
the original
on 9 March 2019
. Retrieved
2 October
2018
.
- ^
a
b
Tomasz Gałuszka and Pawel Kras,
The Beguines of Medieval ?widnica: The Interrogation of the Daughters of Odelindis
(York Medieval Press, 2023) p.45, citing "Arnau de Vilanova and the Franciscan Spirtiuals in Sicily", by C. R. Backman,
Franciscan Studies
50 (1990), pp.3-29
- ^
O'Shea, Stephen (2011).
The Friar of Carcassonne
, p. 184. Vancouver, BC, Canada: Douglas & McIntyre.
ISBN
978-1-55365-551-0
.
- ^
G. E. Cokayne, ed.,
The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Eardley to Spalding to Goojerat
(St. Catherine Press, 1926) p.715
- ^
N. R. Havely,
Dante and the Franciscans: Poverty and the Papacy in the 'Commedia
(Cambridge University Press, 2004) pp.164-165
- ^
Julian Raby and Teresa Fitzherbert,
The Court of the Il-Khans, 1290-1340
(University of Oxford, 1996) p.201
- ^
a
b
"Middleton, Sir Gilbert", by Michael Prestwich, in
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
(Oxford University Press, 2004)
- ^
Wolf-Dieter Mohrmann (1972).
Der Landfriede im Ostseeraum wahrend des spaten Mittelalters
, p. 95. Lassleben.
ISBN
3-7847-4002-2
.
- ^
Siegfried Schwanz (2002).
Kleinzerlang 1752?2002
, p. 15. Edition Rieger.
ISBN
3-935231-25-3
.
- ^
Djuvara, Neagu (2014).
A Brief Illustrated History of Romanians
, p. 74. Humanitas.
ISBN
978-973-50-4334-6
.
- ^
Ruiz, Teofilo F. "Medieval Europe: Crisis and Renewal".
An Age of Crisis: Hunger
. The Teaching Company.
ISBN
1-56585-710-0
.
- ^
Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John (1993).
The Penguin Dictionary of Saints
. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books.
ISBN
0-14-051312-4
.
- ^
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon (1959).
The Imperial House of Japan
, p. 422. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
OCLC
194887
.
- ^
Varley, H. Paul (1980).
Jinn? Sh?t?ki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns
, p. 241. New York: Columbia University Press.
ISBN
978-0-231-04940-5
.