2024 South Korean legislative election
|
|
All 300 seats in the
National Assembly
151 seats needed for a majority
|
Turnout
| 66.99% (
0.78
pp
)
|
---|
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results by single member constituencies and proportional representation (left)
|
|
Legislative elections were held in
South Korea
on 10 April 2024. All 300 members of the
National Assembly
were elected, 254 from
first-past-the-post
constituencies
and 46 from
proportional party lists
.
[1]
[2]
The two largest parties, the liberal
Democratic Party
and the conservative
People Power Party
, once again set up
satellite parties
to take advantage of the electoral system.
The election served as a "mid-term evaluation" for the Yoon Suk-yeol administration as it approaches its third year. Additionally, there was significant interest in whether the ruling party could surpass the constraints of the ruling coalition, which did not secure a majority in the previous general election, and gain the necessary momentum to govern effectively during the remainder of its term.
[3]
The election saw opposition parties, primarily the
Democratic Party of Korea
, retain their majority in the National Assembly.
[4]
The new legislators would have their first meeting on 30 May.
[5]
Background
[
edit
]
Redistricting
[
edit
]
On 28 February 2024, the ruling and opposition parties reached a consensus to redraw the electoral districts.
[6]
Subsequently, the National Assembly's plenary session passed an amendment to the Public Offices Election Act, resulting in the reformation of the electoral districts. In comparison to the 21st National Assembly elections, there was an increase of one constituency, bringing the total to 254, while the seats for proportional representation decreased by one, totaling 46.
[7]
Electoral system
[
edit
]
The
National Assembly
's 300 seats are elected by the following methods:
[8]
[9]
The minimum voting age is set at 18.
Campaign
[
edit
]
The election was held amid several political and socioeconomic issues in South Korea such as corruption, with President
Yoon Suk-yeol
of the
People Power Party
facing criticism over the handling of issues involving
his wife
and a
former minister
, and party leaders such as the
Democratic Party
's
Lee Jae-myung
and
Rebuilding Korea Party
's
Cho Kuk
facing trials for bribery and forgery respectively,
[10]
as well as rising inflation and the ongoing
doctors' strike
.
[11]
One major talking point was an incident on 18 March when President Yoon visited a grocery store in
Seoul
to check consumer prices and describing the 875-won ($0.65) price of a
green onion
he found as reasonable, only for it to emerge that the onions were being sold at a discount and that the true price of onions was three to four times higher. The incident led to opposition candidates bringing out green onions at campaign rallies and the hashtag #greenonions875won becoming a trending topic on social media throughout the election. In response, the
National Election Commission
banned voters from bringing green onions to polling stations, citing concerns over "election interference". This was in turn, widely ridiculed and led to an increase in demand for green onion-themed merchandise.
[12]
On 27 October 2023 the
Justice Party
and
Green Party
announced their intention to form an electoral alliance and invited other left-wing parties to participate.
[13]
This move was heavily criticized by Justice Party deputies Jang Hye-young and
Ryu Ho-jeong
, as well as former Justice Party Youth Committee Chair Kim Chang-in; all three believe that the Justice Party should form electoral alliances not by ideology, but with any "third zone" party opposed to the Democratic and People Power parties.
[14]
On 2 January 2024 Lee Jae-myung
was stabbed in an assassination attempt
while visiting the construction site of an airport in
Gadeokdo, Busan
.
[15]
He was later criticised for using a sexually derogative term to describe People Power Party politician
Na Kyung-won
during a criticism of her pro-Japanese views.
[16]
On 15 January 2024 the Green Party and Justice Party announced a left-wing election coalition called the "Green-Justice Party."
[17]
On the same day,
Basic Income Party
leader
Yong Hye-in
announced a pro-
Democrat
electoral coalition to counter the People Power Party.
[18]
Throughout the campaign the People Power Party argued that President Yoon's government has been unable to push its reform agenda forward since taking office in 2022 due to an uncooperative
National Assembly
controlled by the opposition, while the Democratic Party described Yoon's administration as "incompetent", accusing it of causing a socioeconomic downturn and mishandling several controversial issues. The Rebuilding Korea Party campaigned for an early end to Yoon's presidency,
[19]
with Cho Kuk pledging to turn Yoon into "first a
lame duck
, then a dead duck".
[20]
Political parties
[
edit
]
Candidates
[
edit
]
Lawmakers not standing for re-election
[
edit
]
By 14 February, 2024, a total of 16 current members of the National Assembly had announced their intention not to stand for re-election.
Opinion polls
[
edit
]
Conduct
[
edit
]
Early voting opened on 5 April and lasted until 7 April. Among those who cast their votes early were People Power Party leader
Han Dong-hoon
, who voted in
Seoul
, and Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung, who voted in
Daejeon
.
[36]
At least 13.8 million voters participated in early voting,
[12]
equivalent to about 31% of the electorate.
[37]
On election day, voting in 14,259 polling stations opened at 06:00 and closed at 18:00.
[37]
[19]
Overall turnout was estimated at 67%, an increase of 0.8% from
2020
, and the highest recorded for a legislative election in South Korea since
1992
.
[38]
Results
[
edit
]
Exit polls indicated that the Democratic Party and its partner, the
Democratic Alliance of Korea
, would win between 168 and 197 seats in the National Assembly, while the People Power Party and its partner, the
People Future Party
, were expected to win between 85 and 111 seats. The
Rebuilding Korea Party
, which only contested proportional representation seats, was projected to win 15 seats. Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung was projected to keep his seat in
Gyeyang B
of
Incheon
against People Power Party candidate and former land minister
Won Hee-ryong
, winning 56.1% and 42.8% of the vote respectively.
[39]
The
Justice Party
failed to win seats for the first time since its foundation in 2012.
Among the elected candidates in proportional representation seats was Park Choong-kwon (representing the People Future Party), a North Korean defector who previously worked in the
North Korean nuclear weapons programme
before fleeing to the South in 2009.
[40]
The election also saw the highest number of invalid votes cast for proportional representation seats since its introduction in
2004
, with the National Electoral Commission tallying 1,309,931 such ballots, equivalent to 4.4% of votes cast.
[41]
|
---|
Party or alliance
| Proportional
| Constituency
| Total
seats
|
---|
Votes
| %
| Seats
| Votes
| %
| Seats
|
---|
| People Power Party
/
People Future Party
| 10,395,264
| 36.67
| 18
| |
| 90
| 108
|
| Democratic Alliance
| | Democratic Party
| 7,567,459
| 26.70
| 8
| |
| 161
| 169
|
| Progressive Party
| 2
| |
| 1
| 3
|
| New Progressive Alliance
[a]
| 2
| |
| 0
| 2
|
| Independents
| 2
| | 2
|
Total
| 14
| |
| 162
| 176
|
| Rebuilding Korea Party
| 6,874,278
| 24.25
| 12
| | 12
|
| New Reform Party
| 1,025,775
| 3.62
| 2
| |
| 1
| 3
|
| Liberal Unification Party
| 642,433
| 2.27
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Green
?
Justice Party
| 609,313
| 2.15
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| New Future Party
| 483,827
| 1.71
| 0
| |
| 1
| 1
|
| Pine Tree Party
| 124,369
| 0.44
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Grand National Party
[
ko
]
| 72,925
| 0.26
| 0
| | 0
|
| National Revolutionary Party
| 67,420
| 0.24
| 0
| | 0
|
| Saenuri Party
| 57,210
| 0.20
| 0
| | 0
|
| Freedom and Democracy Party
[
ko
]
| 39,977
| 0.14
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Christian Party
[
ko
]
| 36,117
| 0.13
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Grand National Unity Party
| 30,323
| 0.11
| 0
| | 0
|
| Our Republican Party
| 29,895
| 0.11
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Great Korea Party
[
ko
]
| 29,481
| 0.10
| 0
| | 0
|
| Women's Party
| 28,942
| 0.10
| 0
| | 0
|
| Hashtag People's Policy Party
[
ko
]
| 26,906
| 0.09
| 0
| | 0
|
| Labor Party
| 25,937
| 0.09
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Financial Reform Party
[
ko
]
| 20,548
| 0.07
| 0
| | 0
|
| Senior Welfare Party
[
ko
]
| 15,178
| 0.05
| 0
| | 0
|
| Republican Party
[
ko
]
| 14,912
| 0.05
| 0
| | 0
|
| Hongik Party
[
ko
]
| 13,326
| 0.05
| 0
| | 0
|
| Korea Farmers and Fishermen's Party
[
ko
]
| 13,035
| 0.05
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Korea People's Party
[
ko
]
| 11,947
| 0.04
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Mirae Party
| 11,505
| 0.04
| 0
| | 0
|
| New National Participation Party
| 10,242
| 0.04
| 0
| | 0
|
| To Tomorrow, to the Future
[
ko
]
| 9,417
| 0.03
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Republic of Korea Party
[
ko
]
| 8,527
| 0.03
| 0
| | 0
|
| Unification Korea Party
[
ko
]
| 8,518
| 0.03
| 0
| | 0
|
| Let's Go Korea
[
ko
]
| 7,820
| 0.03
| 0
| | 0
|
| Popular Democratic Party
[
ko
]
| 7,663
| 0.03
| 0
| | 0
|
| Gihuminsaeng Party
| 6,615
| 0.02
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Party for the Abolition of Special Privileges
[
ko
]
| 4,707
| 0.02
| 0
| |
| 0
| 0
|
| Korean Wave Union Party
[
ko
]
| 3,894
| 0.01
| 0
| | 0
|
| Korea Business Party
[
ko
]
| 3,783
| 0.01
| 0
| | 0
|
| K Political Innovation Union Party
[
ko
]
| 3,451
| 0.01
| 0
| | 0
|
| New Korean Peninsula Party
[
ko
]
| 1,580
| 0.01
| 0
| | 0
|
| People's Democracy Party
| | |
| 0
| 0
|
Total
| 28,344,519
| 100.00
| 46
| | 254
| 300
|
|
Valid votes
| 28,344,519
| 95.58
| | | | | |
---|
Invalid/blank votes
| 1,309,931
| 4.42
| | | | | |
---|
Total votes
| 29,654,450
| 100.00
| | | | | |
---|
Registered voters/turnout
| 44,280,011
| 66.97
| | 44,280,011
| ?
| | |
---|
Source:
KBS
,
Daum
|
By city/province
[
edit
]
By constituency
[
edit
]
By proportional representation list
[
edit
]
Voter turnout by region
[
edit
]
Voter turnout by province (accumulate)
[46]
Region
|
Electorate
|
Early Vote
|
Overall
|
5 April
|
6 April
|
10 April
|
Voter
|
%
|
Voter
|
%
|
Voter
|
%
|
Seoul
|
8,310,021
|
1,315,890
|
15.83
|
2,711,316
|
32.63
|
5,758,313
|
69.3
|
Busan
|
2,884,261
|
427,839
|
14.83
|
852,871
|
29.57
|
1,947,669
|
67.5
|
Daegu
|
2,051,656
|
251,503
|
12.26
|
525,222
|
25.60
|
1,312,872
|
64.0
|
Incheon
|
2,582,765
|
374,537
|
14.50
|
776,408
|
30.06
|
1,686,974
|
65.3
|
Gwangju
|
1,199,920
|
239,483
|
19.96
|
455,962
|
38.00
|
818,372
|
68.2
|
Daejeon
|
1,236,801
|
181,300
|
14.66
|
374,206
|
30.26
|
819,636
|
66.3
|
Ulsan
|
934,661
|
138,305
|
14.80
|
281,659
|
30.13
|
625,088
|
66.9
|
Sejong
|
301,297
|
51,184
|
16.99
|
110,888
|
36.80
|
211,405
|
70.2
|
Gyeonggi
|
11,595,385
|
1,627,194
|
14.03
|
3,425,648
|
29.54
|
7,732,236
|
66.7
|
Gangwon
|
1,331,959
|
235,574
|
17.69
|
434,704
|
32.64
|
887,434
|
66.6
|
North Chungcheong
|
1,372,679
|
215,419
|
15.69
|
420,624
|
30.64
|
895,768
|
65.2
|
South Chungcheong
|
1,825,472
|
286,637
|
15.70
|
552,098
|
30.24
|
1,185,939
|
65.0
|
North Jeolla
|
1,517,738
|
324,150
|
21.36
|
583,724
|
38.46
|
1,022,602
|
67.4
|
South Jeolla
|
1,565,232
|
370,442
|
23.67
|
644,774
|
41.19
|
1,080,202
|
69.0
|
North Gyeongsang
|
2,224,011
|
361,141
|
16.24
|
683,836
|
30.75
|
1,447,739
|
65.1
|
South Gyeongsang
|
2,779,542
|
424,367
|
15.27
|
853,610
|
30.71
|
1,877,784
|
67.6
|
Jeju
|
566,611
|
85,545
|
15.10
|
161,493
|
28.50
|
352,541
|
62.2
|
Overall total
|
44,280,011
|
6,910,510
|
15.61
|
13,849,043
|
31.28
|
29,662,313
|
67.0
|
Incumbents who lost re-election
[
edit
]
Reactions
[
edit
]
Following the release of exit polls, Han Dong-hoon expressed disappointment over the People Power Party's losses in the election.
[47]
Cho Kuk called the results of the Rebuilding Korea Party's campaign the "victory of the people" and said it showed the people can "no longer put up with the regression" of the Yoon administration. Cho also called on President Yoon to "apologize for the numerous misdeeds and corruption", and pledged to introduce a special investigation bill against Han Dong-hoon once the new session of the National Assembly is formed.
[48]
Lee Jae-myung expressed thanks for the Democratic Party's showing, calling it "a great victory for our people", and said the party will "humbly watch the people's choices to the end".
[49]
[50]
On 11 April Prime Minister
Han Duck-soo
, presidential chief of staff Lee Kwan-sup,
[51]
and other senior presidential advisers, with the exception of those in charge of security issues, offered their resignations to Yoon, who pledged to "humbly uphold" the election result and focus on improving the economy and reforming state affairs. In a separate statement, Han Dong-hoon also resigned as head of the People Power Party and took responsibility for its defeat in the election.
[52]
That same day,
Green-Justice
leader
Sim Sang-jung
announced her retirement from politics. Sim, who ran twice for president in 2017 and 2021, was a four-term lawmaker under various minor left-wing parties. In her announcement, Sim assumed responsibility for the party losing all six seats and falling below the 3% required for proportional representation.
[53]
In his first public remarks since the election on 16 April, President Yoon reiterated his acceptance of the election result and pledged to "communicate more with a humbler and more flexible attitude, and be the first to listen carefully to the public sentiment."
[54]
Analysis
[
edit
]
According to Shin Yul, a professor of political science at
Myongji University
, the election results would likely lead to "extreme confrontation", stating that it "won't be easy for people to see bipartisan cooperation".
[55]
Overall, the opposition bloc (including the
Rebuilding Korea Party
and
New Future
, which are both led by former members of the
Democratic Party of Korea
and are considerably anti-Yoon)
[56]
did not receive enough seats to threaten the impeachment of Yoon, which would have required a two-thirds majority, or 200 seats. They won a combined total of 189 against the government alliance and
New Reform
(who are more moderately conservative and big tent) total of 111. Nevertheless, the election result, and overwhelming majority in favor of the governmental opposition, was enough to effectively block any government plans going into the future.
The Diplomat
described
Yoon Suk-yeol
as a "lame duck" for his remaining three years in office.
[57]
Chae Jin-won of Humanitas College at
Kyung Hee University
stated that "If Yoon can't find a way to work with the opposition, there is a likelihood of impeachment, which some factions in the ruling party may comply with for the sake of their own political futures."
[58]
See also
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Political parties in full-fledged election mode as April 10 voting nears"
.
The Korea Times
. 20 February 2024.
Archived
from the original on 29 February 2024
. Retrieved
29 February
2024
.
- ^
"選擧日程"
.
National Electoral Commission
. Archived from
the original
on 25 November 2023
. Retrieved
25 November
2023
.
- ^
김연정 (11 April 2024).
"[4·10 總選] 또 무너진 與…野 協助 없이 立法·豫算 不可能"
.
聯合뉴스
(in Korean)
. Retrieved
21 April
2024
.
- ^
Yim, Hyunsu; Kim, Jack (11 April 2024).
"Opposition win in South Korea election to deepen policy stalemate for Yoon"
. Reuters
. Retrieved
11 April
2024
.
- ^
"1st meeting of 22nd parliament's DP lawmakers"
. Yonhap. 30 May 2024
. Retrieved
2 June
2024
.
- ^
안윤학 (29 February 2024).
"[速報] 與野, 選擧區劃定 劇的 合意..."오늘 本會議서 處理"
"
.
YTN
(in Korean)
. Retrieved
21 April
2024
.
- ^
김연정 (29 February 2024).
"4·10總選 選擧區 劃定案 國會 通過…全北 代身 比例 1席 縮小"
.
聯合뉴스
(in Korean)
. Retrieved
21 April
2024
.
- ^
"A Guide to South Korea's 2024 National Assembly Election"
.
Korea Economic Institute of America
. 9 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
Seung-yeon, Kim (27 March 2024).
"April elections campaign to kick off as parties race for crucial votes"
.
Yonhap News Agency
.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"South Korea holds parliamentary elections: All you need to know"
.
Al Jazeera
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 9 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
Kim, Hyung-Jim; Tong-Hyung, Kim (5 April 2024).
"South Korea election issues: Green onions, striking doctors, an alleged sexist jab at a candidate"
.
Associated Press
.
Archived
from the original on 5 April 2024
. Retrieved
5 April
2024
.
- ^
a
b
"Green onion outcry: humble vegetable roils S. Korean vote"
.
France 24
. 7 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 7 April 2024
. Retrieved
7 April
2024
.
- ^
"正義黨, 녹색당과 '總選用 聯合政黨' 推進…黨內선 "便法" 反撥"
. 26 October 2023.
Archived
from the original on 27 October 2023
. Retrieved
27 October
2023
.
- ^
"[인터뷰] 柳好貞·김창인 "柳時敏·民主勞總과 함께 해야만 進步政黨인가"
"
.
女性新聞
. 23 October 2023.
Archived
from the original on 27 October 2023
. Retrieved
27 October
2023
.
- ^
Sang-Hun, Choe (1 January 2024).
"South Korean Opposition Leader Is Stabbed"
.
The New York Times
.
Archived
from the original on 2 January 2024
. Retrieved
1 January
2024
.
- ^
"Here's what South Koreans are concerned about as they vote for parliament this week"
.
Associated Press
. 8 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 8 April 2024
. Retrieved
8 April
2024
.
- ^
"正義黨, 녹색당과 選擧聯合政黨 決定…柳好貞 去就 記者會見"
.
KBS News
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 15 January 2024
. Retrieved
15 January
2024
.
- ^
"龍慧仁 "民主黨-進步陣營, '比例聯合政黨' 公式 提案"
"
.
內外放送
(in Korean). 15 January 2024.
Archived
from the original on 15 January 2024
. Retrieved
15 January
2024
.
- ^
a
b
"(LEAD) Voters hit the polls in parliamentary elections"
.
Yonhap
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"South Koreans vote in election seen as test of President Yoon Suk-yeol"
.
Al Jazeera
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"
"KIM OVERSEES MISSILE TEST"
"
.
KBS
. 29 January 2024.
Archived
from the original on 2 February 2024
. Retrieved
2 February
2024
.
- ^
下, 준호 (13 December 2020).
"禹相虎 서울市長 出師表 "次期 總選 不出馬"…박영선·朴柱民은?"
.
JoongAng Ilbo
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 13 February 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
嚴, 支援; 임, 재우 (10 April 2023).
"민주당 오영환, 總選 不出馬 宣言 "消防官으로 돌아가겠다"
"
.
민주당 오영환, 總選 不出馬 宣言 "消防官으로 돌아가겠다"
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2023
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
이, 영호 (24 May 2023).
"하영제 國會議員, 國民의힘 脫黨"
.
慶南道民一步
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 13 February 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"金南局, 懲戒 發表 앞두고 "來年 總選 不出馬" 宣言"
.
SBS NEWS
(in Korean). 22 August 2023.
Archived
from the original on 5 September 2023
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
朴, 윤수 (6 November 2023).
"
'6線' 박병석 前 國會議長 總選 不出馬 宣言‥"내려놓을 때"
"
.
MBC 뉴스
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 16 November 2023
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"강민정 민주黨 議員, 來年 總選 不出馬...黨內 4番째 宣言"
.
KBC光州放送
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 13 February 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"
"나를 밟고 總選 勝利해달라" 張濟元 不出馬 公式 宣言"
.
The Chosun Ilbo
(in Korean). 12 December 2023.
Archived
from the original on 12 December 2023
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
임, 재우 (13 December 2023).
"이탄희, 總選 不出馬 宣言…"選擧法만 지켜달라"
"
.
이탄희, 總選 不出馬 宣言…"選擧法만 지켜달라"
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 13 December 2023
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
고, 한솔 (13 December 2023).
"民主 洪性國 不出馬 宣言 "黨內 1人 싱크탱크 役割 하겠다"
"
.
民主 洪性國 不出馬 宣言 "黨內 1人 싱크탱크 役割 하겠다"
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 13 February 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
이, 승환 (4 January 2024).
"김진표 議長, '政界 隱退' 示唆하며 '改憲 課題' 提案…"人口減少 對策 明示해야"
"
.
헤럴드經濟
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 4 January 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"金雄, 總選 不出馬 宣言… 張濟元 이어 與 現役議員 두番째"
.
The Chosun Ilbo
(in Korean). 8 January 2024.
Archived
from the original on 8 January 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"민주 金敏基·임종성 不出馬… '물갈이' 信號彈?"
.
Segye Ilbo
(in Korean). 19 January 2024.
Archived
from the original on 18 February 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
兆, 문규 (22 January 2024).
"DJ 셋째 民主 金弘傑, 總選 不出馬…"二重잣대 檢證"
"
.
JoongAng Ilbo
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 22 January 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
a
b
倍, 재성 (22 January 2024).
"민주당 初選 최종윤, 不出馬 宣言 "政治가 葛藤 助長"
"
.
JoongAng Ilbo
(in Korean).
Archived
from the original on 22 January 2024
. Retrieved
18 February
2024
.
- ^
"South Koreans cast ballots in early voting for general election"
.
NHK
. 5 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 5 April 2024
. Retrieved
5 April
2024
.
- ^
a
b
"South Korea's president faces a major test in a crucial parliamentary election"
.
Associated Press
. 9 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 9 April 2024
. Retrieved
9 April
2024
.
- ^
"(6th LD) Tentative final voter turnout at 67 pct: election watchdog"
.
Yonhap
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"(4th LD) Opposition forecast to win landslide victory: exit polls"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
Mao, Frances; Han, Sangmi (12 April 2024).
"How a North Korean missile researcher became a South Korean MP"
.
BBC
.
Archived
from the original on 12 April 2024
. Retrieved
12 April
2024
.
- ^
"Number of invalid proportional votes hits all-time high in last week's elections: NEC"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 15 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 17 April 2024
. Retrieved
15 April
2024
.
- ^
"選擧結果22代"
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 13 April 2024
. Retrieved
12 April
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Hong, Joon-seok (23 March 2024).
"[4·10 總選 候補者 登錄] ①比例代表"
.
Yonhap News Agency
.
Archived
from the original on 13 April 2024
. Retrieved
13 April
2024
.
- ^
Jo, Jae-wan (17 March 2024).
"民主聯合, 서미화·魏聖洛·백승아·龍慧仁 比例 當選 安定圈 配定"
.
Newsis
.
Archived
from the original on 24 March 2024
. Retrieved
13 April
2024
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
aa
ab
ac
Hong, Joon-seok (23 March 2024).
"[4·10 總選 候補者 登錄] ②比例代表(끝)"
.
Yonhap News Agency
.
Archived
from the original on 13 April 2024
. Retrieved
13 April
2024
.
- ^
"事前投票進行狀況"
.
National Election Commission
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 19 February 2012
. Retrieved
9 April
2024
.
- ^
"PPP leader expresses disappointment after exit polls predict a landslide victory for opposition"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"New minor party leader declares 'victory of people' as predicted to win 15 seats"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 10 April 2024
. Retrieved
10 April
2024
.
- ^
"Exit polls suggest a big win by South Korea's liberal opposition parties in parliamentary election"
.
Associated Press
. 10 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 9 April 2024
. Retrieved
9 April
2024
.
- ^
Cheong-mo, Yoo (11 April 2024).
"Opposition leader vows commitment to solving economic problems"
.
Yonhap News Agency
.
Archived
from the original on 12 April 2024
. Retrieved
11 April
2024
.
- ^
"Presidential office says it will take time to name new PM, chief of staff after election defeat"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 14 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 14 April 2024
. Retrieved
14 April
2024
.
- ^
"South Korea's prime minister and top presidential officials offer to resign after election defeat"
.
Associated Press
. 11 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 11 April 2024
. Retrieved
11 April
2024
.
- ^
"沈想奵 政界 隱退 宣言 "痛切한 마음으로 謝罪드린다"
"
. 11 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 14 April 2024
. Retrieved
14 April
2024
.
- ^
"(LEAD) Yoon vows to improve communication with people after election defeat"
.
Yonhap News Agency
. 16 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 16 April 2024
. Retrieved
16 April
2024
.
- ^
"
'Lame duck' South Korean President Yoon reels from election debacle"
.
The Straits Times
. SPH Media. 11 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 11 April 2024
. Retrieved
11 April
2024
.
- ^
Kim, Sang; Young Kim, Joo; Jeong, Hyeonseung (9 April 2024).
"A Guide to South Korea's 2024 National Assembly Election"
.
keia
. Korea Economic Institute of America
. Retrieved
17 April
2024
.
- ^
Shin, Mitch.
"In South Korea, President Yoon's Lame Duck Era Officially Begins"
. The Diplomat.
Archived
from the original on 16 April 2024
. Retrieved
17 April
2024
.
- ^
"Election rout makes Yoon's 'lame duck' fears reality"
.
Japan Times
. Jiji Press. 11 April 2024.
Archived
from the original on 11 April 2024
. Retrieved
17 April
2024
.