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Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1884
.
March 13
:
Siege of Khartoum
.
1884
(
MDCCCLXXXIV
) was a
leap year starting on Tuesday
of the
Gregorian calendar
and a
leap year starting on Sunday
of the
Julian calendar
, the 1884th year of the
Common Era
(CE) and
Anno Domini
(AD) designations, the 884th year of the
2nd millennium
, the 84th year of the
19th century
, and the 5th year of the
1880s
decade. As of the start of 1884, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
November 15
:
Berlin Conference
Events
[
edit
]
January–March
[
edit
]
- January 4
– The
Fabian Society
is founded in London.
- January 5
–
Gilbert and Sullivan
's
Princess Ida
premieres at the
Savoy Theatre
, London.
- January 18
–
William Price
attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds that
cremation
is not contrary to
English law
, he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) on
March 14
, setting a legal precedent.
[1]
- February 1
–
A New English Dictionary on historical principles, part 1
(edited by
James A. H. Murray
), the first fascicle of what will become
The
Oxford English Dictionary
, is published in England.
[2]
- February 5
–
Derby County Football Club
is founded in England.
- March 13
– The
siege of Khartoum
,
Sudan
, begins (ends on
January 26
, 1885).
- 23 March
Bolivia
becomes a
landlocked country
- March 28
–
Prince Leopold
, the youngest son and the eighth child of
Queen Victoria
and
Prince Albert
, dies, aged 30 in
Cannes
,
France
.
- March
–
John Joseph Montgomery
conducts the first manned glider flights in the United States near Otay, California.
April–June
[
edit
]
July–September
[
edit
]
August 5
:
Statue of Liberty
erection begun
- July 1
–
First International Forestry Exhibition
opens in
Edinburgh
, Scotland.
[4]
- July 3
– The
Dow Jones Transportation Average
, consisting of eleven transportation-related companies (nine railroads and two non-rail companies, Western Union and Pacific Mail), is created. The index is the oldest stock index still in use.
- July 5
–
Germany
takes possession of
Togoland
.
- July 7
– Nagasaki Shipyard, predecessor of the Japanese
aircraft
and
shipbuilding
business
Mitsubishi
, is founded on the island of
Kyushu
.
[5]
- July 14
– German administration is established in
Cameroon
.
- July 23
– The first tennis tournaments, held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall,
Leamington Spa
, England, are recorded in today's
Courier
.
- August 5
– The cornerstone for the
Statue of Liberty
is laid on
Bedloe's Island
in
New York Harbor
.
- August 10
– An
earthquake
measuring 5.5
affects a very large portion of the eastern United States. The shock has a maximum
Mercalli intensity
of VII (
Very strong
). Chimneys are toppled in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Property damage is severe in
Jamaica, Queens
and
Amityville, New York
.
[6]
- August 22
– The
Sino-French War
(for control of
Tonkin
) breaks out (continues to April
1885
).
- August 23
–
Sino-French War
–
Battle of Fuzhou
: French Admiral
Amedee Courbet
's
Far East Squadron
virtually destroys China's
Fujian Fleet
.
- September 5
–
Staten Island Academy
is founded.
- September 15
– The invention of
local anesthesia
by
Karl Koller
is made public at a medical congress in
Heidelberg
, Germany.
- September 23
?
24
(night) – Steamship
Arctique
runs aground near
Cape Virgenes
, leading to the discovery of nearby
placer
gold and beginning the
Tierra del Fuego gold rush
.
[7]
October–December
[
edit
]
October 6
: US Naval War College founded.
- October 6
– The United States
Naval War College
is established in
Newport, Rhode Island
.
- October 18
– The
University of Wales, Bangor
(UK), is founded.
- October 22
- October 30
– The
Hosay massacre
in Trinidad.
- November 1
- November 2
–
Timi?oara
, Romania, is the first town in Europe with streets illuminated by electric light.
[8]
- November 4
–
1884 United States presidential election
:
Democratic
Governor of New York
Grover Cleveland
defeats
Republican
James G. Blaine
in a very close contest, to win the first of his non-consecutive terms.
- November 15
– The
Berlin Conference
, which regulates European
colonisation
and trade in Africa, begins (ends February 26, 1885).
- December 1
- December 4
– Reformers in Korea who admire the
Meiji Restoration
in Japan stage the
Gapsin Coup
, with Japan's help. China intervenes to rescue the king and help suppress the rebels.
- December 6
– The
Washington Monument
is completed in Washington, D.C., becoming the
tallest structure in the world
at this date.
- December 10
- December 16
– The
World Cotton Centennial
world's fair
opens in
New Orleans
.
Date unknown
[
edit
]
Births
[
edit
]
January
[
edit
]
Auguste Piccard
Rickard Sandler
Pedro Pablo Ramirez
Theodor Heuss
- January 1
- January 2
–
Ben-Zion Dinur
, Russian-born Israeli educator, historian and politician (d.
1973
)
- January 12
–
Texas Guinan
, American vaudeville performer (d.
1933
)
- January 20
–
Charles W. Whittlesey
, United States Army officer, commander of the
Lost Battalion
in World War I (d.
1921
)
- January 21
–
Roger Nash Baldwin
, American social activist (d.
1981
)
- January 23
–
Ralph DePalma
, Italian-born American race car driver (d.
1956
)
- January 24
–
Thomas Blamey
, Australian field marshal (d.
1951
)
- January 26
- January 28
–
Auguste Piccard
, Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d.
1962
)
- January 29
–
Rickard Sandler
, 20th Prime Minister of Sweden (d.
1964
)
- January 30
- January 31
–
Theodor Heuss
, German politician, 1st
president of West Germany
(d.
1963
)
February
[
edit
]
- February 1
–
Bradbury Robinson
, American football player, who threw the first
forward pass
in
American football history
(d.
1949
)
- February 8
–
Burt Mustin
, American actor (d.
1977
)
- February 12
- February 13
–
Alfred Carlton Gilbert
, American athlete, inventor (d.
1961
)
- February 15
–
Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer
, Polish general and politician (d.
1954
)
- February 16
–
Robert J. Flaherty
, American filmmaker (d.
1951
)
- February 17
–
Maria Beatriz del Rosario Arroyo
, Filipino
Roman Catholic
nun and servant of God (d.
1957
)
- February 20
–
Constantin Constantinescu-Claps
, Romanian general (d.
1961
)
- February 22
–
Lew Cody
, American actor (d.
1934
)
- February 26
–
John Cyril Porte
, Irish-born British
flying boat
pioneer (d.
1919
)
- February 28
–
Ants Piip
, Prime Minister of Estonia (d.
1942
)
March
[
edit
]
April
[
edit
]
Harry S. Truman
- May 5
–
Jean Decoux
, French admiral,
Governor-General of French Indochina
(1940-1945) (d.
1963
)
- May 8
–
Harry S. Truman
, 33rd
President of the United States
(d.
1972
)
- May 10
–
Olga Petrova
, English-born American actress (d.
1977
)
- May 14
–
Claude Dornier
, German aircraft designer (d.
1969
)
- May 20
–
Leon Schlesinger
, American producer, filmmaker (d.
1949
)
- May 23
–
Corrado Gini
, Italian statistician, demographer and sociologist (d.
1965
)
- May 27
–
Max Brod
, Austrian author (d.
1968
)
- May 28
–
Edvard Bene?
, Czechoslovak politician, prime minister and president of Czechoslovakia (d.
1948
)
- May 30
–
Robert Alfred Theobald
, American admiral (d.
1957
)
June
[
edit
]
Edouard Daladier
Empress Teimei
Gaston Bachelard
July
[
edit
]
Amedeo Modigliani
- July 11
–
Howard Estabrook
, American actor, film director and producer, and screenwriter (d.
1978
)
- July 12
–
Amedeo Modigliani
, Italian painter, sculptor (d.
1920
)
- July 15
–
Phraya Manopakorn Nititada
, Thailand's first Prime Minister (d.
1948
)
- July 17
–
Prince George Bagration
, Georgian nobleman (d.
1957
)
- July 18
–
Alberto di Jorio
, Italian cardinal, secretary of the
1958 conclave
(d.
1979
)
- July 19
–
Maurice Nicoll
, British psychiatrist (d.
1953
)
- July 23
–
Emil Jannings
, Swiss-born German actor (d.
1950
)
- July 25
–
Rafael Arevalo Martinez
, Guatemalan writer (d.
1975
)
- July 26
–
Joseph Sweeney
, American actor (d.
1963
)
- July 27
–
Kathleen Howard
, Canadian-born American opera singer, character actress (d.
1956
)
August
[
edit
]
Romulo Gallegos
John S. McCain Sr.
Vincent Auriol
- August 2
–
Romulo Gallegos
, 48th President of Venezuela (d.
1969
)
- August 7
–
Billie Burke
, American actress (d.
1970
)
- August 8
–
Sara Teasdale
, American poet (d.
1933
)
- August 9
–
John S. McCain Sr.
, American admiral (d.
1945
)
- August 10
- August 15
–
Mary Nash
, American actress (d.
1976
)
- August 20
–
Rudolf Bultmann
, German Lutheran theologian (d.
1976
)
- August 23
–
Will Cuppy
, American humorist (d.
1949
)
- August 27
–
Vincent Auriol
,
President of France
(d.
1966
)
[10]
- August 28
–
Peter Fraser
, 24th
Prime Minister of New Zealand
(d.
1950
)
- August 30
–
Theodor Svedberg
, Swedish chemist,
Nobel Prize
laureate (d.
1971
)
September
[
edit
]
?smet ?nonu
October
[
edit
]
Eleanor Roosevelt
November
[
edit
]
December
[
edit
]
Rajendra Prasad
Petru Groza
Hideki Tojo
- December 3
- December 4
–
R. C. Majumdar
, Indian historian (d.
1980
)
- December 7
–
Petru Groza
, Romanian politician, 46th
Prime Minister of Romania
(d.
1958
)
- December 14
–
Nicholas Charnetsky
, Soviet
Orthodox
priest, bishop, martyr and blessed (d.
1959
)
- December 17
–
Alison Uttley
, English writer of children's books (d.
1976
)
- December 19
–
Antonin Zapotocky
, 6th President and 15th Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (d.
1957
)
- December 25
- December 29
–
Ted Theodore
, Australian politician,
Premier of Queensland
(d.
1950
)
- December 30
- December 31
–
Stanley Forman Reed
,
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
(d.
1980
)
Date unknown
[
edit
]
Deaths
[
edit
]
January–June
[
edit
]
Gregor Mendel
Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt
Bed?ich Smetana
- January 6
–
Gregor Mendel
, Czech geneticist (b.
1822
)
- January 25
–
Johann Gottfried Piefke
, German conductor, composer (b.
1815
)
- February 8
–
Cetshwayo kaMpande
, Zulu king (b.
1826
)
- February 13
–
Wilhelm von Tumpling
, Prussian general (b.
1809
)
- February 14
- February 26
–
Emmanuel Felix de Wimpffen
, French general (b.
1811
)
- March 1
–
Isaac Todhunter
, English mathematician (b.
1820
)
- March 8
–
Sydney Dacres
, British admiral (b.
1804
)
- March 13
–
Leland Stanford Jr.
, son of Governor Leland Stanford of
California
, in whose memory
Stanford University
was founded (b.
1868
)
- March 19
–
Elias Lonnrot
, Finnish philologist, collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry (b.
1802
)
- March 21
- March 23
–
Henry C. Lord
, American railroad executive (b.
1824
)
- March 28
–
Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany
, youngest son of
Queen Victoria
(b.
1853
)
- April 1
–
Marie Litton
, English stage actress (b.
1847
)
- April 4
–
Marie Bashkirtseff
, Russian artist (b.
1858
)
- April 6
–
Emanuel Geibel
, German poet, dramatist (b.
1815
)
- April 24
–
Marie Taglioni
, Swedish-Italian ballerina (b.
1804
)
- May 6
–
Judah P. Benjamin
, American politician, US Senator from Louisiana,
Cabinet officer of the Confederate States
(b.
1811
)
- May 12
–
Bed?ich Smetana
, Czech composer (b.
1824
)
- May 13
–
Cyrus McCormick
, American inventor (b.
1809
)
- May 29
–
Sir Henry Bartle Frere
, British colonial administrator (b.
1815
)
- June 19
- June 21
–
Alexander, Prince of Orange
, heir apparent to the Dutch throne (b.
1851
)
- June 25
–
Hans Rott
, Austrian composer (b.
1858
)
July–December
[
edit
]
Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe
Leona Florentino
- July 1
–
Allan Pinkerton
, American detective (b.
1819
)
- July 10
–
Paul Morphy
, American chess player (b.
1837
)
- July 15
- August 9
–
Annestine Beyer
, Danish reform pedagogue (b.
1795
)
- August 18
–
Mary C. Ames
, American writer (b.
1831
)
- September 2
–
Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld
, Prussian field marshal (b.
1796
)
- September 10
–
George Bentham
, English botanist (b.
1800
)
- October 4
–
Leona Florentino
, Filipina poet (b.
1849
)
- October 7
–
Bernard Petitjean
, French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (b.
1829
)
- October 16
–
Bernice Pauahi Bishop
, Hawaiian ali‘i (b.
1831
)
- October 18
–
William VIII, Duke of Brunswick
(b.
1806
)
- November 3
–
Menyhert Lonyay
, 5th Prime Minister of Hungary (b.
1822
)
- November 11
–
Alfred Brehm
, German zoologist (b.
1829
)
- November 16
–
Franti?ek Chvostek
, Moravian physician (b.
1835
)
- November 25
–
Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe
, German chemist (b.
1818
)
- December 1
–
William Swainson
, second, and last,
Attorney-General
of the
Crown Colony
of New Zealand (b.
1809
)
- December 3
–
Jane C. Bonar
, Scottish hymnwriter (b.
1821
)
- December 20
–
Domenico Consolini
, Italian Catholic Cardinal (b.
1806
)
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Hutton, Ronald
(2009).
Blood and Mistletoe: The History of the Druids in Britain
. New Haven: Yale University Press.
ISBN
978-0-300-14485-7
.
- ^
Penguin Pocket On This Day
. Penguin Reference Library. 2006.
ISBN
0-14-102715-0
.
- ^
"Patent #33/256".
Bollettino delle Privative Industriali del Regno d'Italia
. 2nd Series.
15
: 635?655. 1884.
- ^
"The Forestry Exhibition".
The Morning Post
. London. July 2, 1884. p. 3.
- ^
ja:三菱重工長崎造船所#沿革
(Japanese language edition) Retrieved on June 28, 2020.
- ^
Stover, C. W.; Coffman, J. L.,
Seismicity of the United States, 1568?1989
, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527 (Revised ed.),
United States Government Printing Office
, pp. 314?316
[
permanent dead link
]
- ^
Martinic Beros, Mateo
(2003).
"La mineria aurifera en la region austral americana (1869-1950)"
.
Historia
(in Spanish).
36
.
doi
:
10.4067/S0717-71942003003600009
(inactive January 31, 2024).
{{
cite journal
}}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (
link
)
- ^
Treptow, Kurt W. (1996).
A History of Romania
. Iasi: Center for Romania Studies. p. 590.
ISBN
978-0-88033-345-0
.
- ^
"Porfirio Diaz"
.
Busca Biografias
(in Spanish)
. Retrieved
June 8,
2019
.
- ^
Jessup, John E. (1998).
An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996
. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 43.
ISBN
978-0-313-28112-9
.
Further reading and year books
[
edit
]
- 1884 Annual Cyclopedia
(1885)
highly detailed coverage of "Political, Military, and Ecclesiastical Affairs; Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry" for year 1884; massive compilation of facts and primary documents; worldwide coverage; 855pp
