Ch?ng-k?? Ming-d??ng-ng??
Hang-ce
gi b?ng-bu?ng. / 參考?東語
漢字
其版本。
Dai-ming
大明
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1368 nieng?1644 nieng
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Si?-d?
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Eng-ti?ng
(Nang-g?ng, 1368-1644)
Siong-ti?ng
(Bae?k-g?ng, 1403-1644)
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Gu?ng-hu?ng ng??-ngiong
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Hang-ng??
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Ceng-h?
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g?ng-ci?-cie
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huong-da?
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? 1368?1398
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Hung-?
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? 1402?1424
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?ng-l?k
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? 1572?1620
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Uang-l?k
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? 1627?1644
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Sung-d?ng
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L?k-s??
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? Giong-l?k
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1368 nieng
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1402
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1449
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1644 nieng
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Mieng-cek
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1415
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6,500,000 km
2
(2,500,000 sq mi)
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Ing-k?u
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? 1393
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65,000,000
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? 1403
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66,598,337
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? 1500
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125,000,000
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? 1600
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160,000,000
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Huo-be
|
uong
,
li?ng
,
ch?u-pieu
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c?-seng guok-g?
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c?-au guok-g?
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D?ng s??k
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D??ng-guok
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Ming-dieu
(明朝) ia ho? l??
Dai-ming
(大明) h??k-ci?
Ming-guok
(明國), se
D??ng-guok
l?k-s?? ga?-d?ng gi si?h ciah
h?ng-giong
uong-dieu
, ia se co?i-haiu si?h ciah
Hang-c?k
ne?ng co? huong-da? gi uong-dieu.
Ming-dieu gi tau ciah huong-da? se Hung-? huong-da?
Ci? Nguong-ci?ng
. Ci? ne?ng se g?ng-dang
?ng-h?i
Hong-iong
ne?ng. Co?-sa? seng-au chio bek, ba-n?? d? g?k co?-c?i gi seng-au ngo? s?. H? seng-au D??ng-guok se iu
Mung-g?
ne?ng gi
Nguong-dieu
(ia ho? l?? Hu-nguong) t?ng-de gi, bah-sang s?ng-u?k i? kek-k?i, go-ch?? i? sa? ne?ng co?-hu?ng. Ci? Nguong-ci?ng g?ng-guo go-d?? gi kah-dieu-b?ng
T?ng Huo
gi do?i-chi?, di?h 1352 nieng ko?
Guoh C??-h?ng
h?-uai tau-g?ng. Guoh C??-h?ng i? kang-dae?ng ?, niong ? co? ci?ng-g?ng. Bok-guo gau-mu?i-l?u ? gieng-gae?k Guoh C??-h?ng ci? ne?ng mo?-no?h-s?i, ceu d?k-l?k chok li ce-g? huak-di?ng. ? s?ng ci?ng
Ding I?-liong
,
Di?ng Se??-sing
c? si?h deng mi?k dai, gai puai buo-doi pah
Bae?k-g?ng
, ci?ng Nguong-dieu co?i-haiu si?h ciah huong-da?
Nguong Song-da?
d??k ko?
M?k-bae?k
. 1368 nieng, g?k Eng-ti?ng (應天, g?ng-dang gi
Nang-g?ng
) d?ng-g?, guok-ho? ?Dai-Ming (大明)“, nieng-ho? (年號) ho? l?? ?Hung-? (洪武)“. Ming-dieu ceu ci?ng-uang s?ng-s?ng l?u.
Ci? Nguong-ci?ng cai-oi gi seng-au, a? gi?ng gi?ng-die gi huong-oi ke??k ne?ng d?k ko?, ci?ng o g?ng gi ne?ng d? tai ch?-bok-d?? l?u, bo puai ce-g? gi gi?ng ko? gauk de co? hu?ng-uong. 1398 nieng ? taung-kuang ?-haiu, ?ng-oi duai-gi?ng ?-g?ng s?ng go?, ceu niong di?ng-s?ng
Giong-ung Huong-da?
ciek-b?ng. Giong-ung do?i ce-g? gi g?i ciah g?-g? i? ma? huong-s?ng, cioh gauk c??ng l?-iu ci?ng ?-gauk-ne?ng gi hu?ng d?? dai. Gi-d??ng si?h ciah g?-g?
Ci? La?
g?k 1398 nieng di?h Song-ti?ng (g?ng-dang gi Bae?k-g?ng) co?-hu?ng, co?i-c??ng di?h 1402 nieng pah gau Eng-ti?ng, ci?ng huong-oi d?k ko?. Ci? Ci? La? ceu se l?k-s?? ga?-d?ng chok-miang gi
?ng-l?k Huong-da?
.
Giong-ung ne?ng bieng mo?-do?i-t??, o gi ne?ng g?ng ? c?u ko?
S??-iong
, go-ch?? ?ng-l?k puai
Dang Huo
, di?h 1405 nieng
l?k S??-iong
ko? t??. Iu h? nieng k?i-s??, Dang Huo l?k s??-iong l?k chek-huoi, gau guo i? sa? go-d?? tau-d?? mo? ti?ng guo gi guok-g?. Bok-guo, Giong-ung do?-d?? g?k die-n??, co?i-mu?i ci?ng-gi, gau hieng-cai go mo? ne?ng a? hi?u.
?ng-l?k gi seng-au se Ming-dieu co?i huak-d?k gi si-g?. 1449 nieng,
Ming ?ng-c?ng
ko? pah Mung-g?, ce-g? ke??k Mung-g? b?ng ni?h ko?. Iu cuoi ?-haiu Ming-dieu huak-di?ng mo? ?-seng h?? l?u. Gau-mu?i-l?u bo g? l??
u?-kaiu
tie-l?u ch?ng-l?k nang-hu?ng,
Mu?ng-ci?
(ceu se ?-haiu gi Mu?ng-ch?ng) ch?ng-l?k d??ng-bae?k, guok-g? k?i-s?? mu?ng co? mu?ng ngai.
Ti?ng-ki? Huong-da?
cai-oi gi seng-au, huong-da? ma? baik ce, go-ch?? niong
tai-gang
Nguoi D??ng-hieng
do?i-chi? ? che??-l? ceng-de. 1627 nieng,
Sung-d?ng Huong-da?
siong-dai, ci?ng ci? Nguoi D??ng-hieng tai dai. Sung-d?ng bu?ng-d?? buoh si?ng h??-h?? g?i-gaik si?h ha, mo?-ni?-ai ceng-de h?-bai, go?-long guok duai co?-c?i, si?h-chek-che??
nung-ming
duai co?-hu?ng. Co?i c??ng di?h 1644 nieng,
L? Ce??-sing
gi nung-ming-g?ng pah gia Bae?k-g?ng, Sung-d?ng ce??-sak. L?k-s??-h?k-g? d? ci?ng c? si?h nieng d?ng co? Ming-dieu mi?k-uong gi nieng.
L? Ce??-sing di? Bae?k-g?ng ?-haiu, ? gi buo-ha ci?ng i? sa? d?ng-gu?ng-gi cai-s?ng d?k ko?, bo g?k Bae?k-g?ng siang di?-sie laung-bok-co?. Ming-dieu si?
S?ng-h?i-gu?ng
gi ci?ng-g?ng
Ngu S?ng-gie
, ? gi sa?-bo?
Ding Uong-uong
ceu ke??k L? Ce??-sing gi buo-ha
Lau C?ng-m?ng
d?k ko?, ? nong-ba
Ngu Si?ng
ia seu gau L? Ce??-sing gi pauk-hai. Ngu S?ng-gie g?ng-hu?-c??ng, bong
Mu?ng-ch?ng
buo-doi di? gu?ng, ci?ng L? Ce??-sing mi?k lai. Mu?ng-ch?ng bo puai b?ng hiong nang, ci?ng go?-long ciah D??ng-guok pah gia li.
Ming-dieu mi?k-uong ?-haiu, go o i? sa? dai-sing gae?ng ci?ng-g?ng di?h nang-hu?ng l?k Ming-dieu gi ch?ng-uong co? huong-da?, hu?ng-kaung Mu?ng-ch?ng, co?i c??ng d? ke??k Mu?ng-ch?ng mi?k dai. C? g?i ciah ceng-guong d? ke??k g?ng-dang ne?ng ho? l?? ?
Nang-ming
“(南明). 1662 nieng,
?ng-l?k Huong-da?
di?h
Hung-nang
ke??k Ngu S?ng-gie tai dai, Nang-ming s?k-cie mi?k-uong. G?k
Dai-u?ng
gi
Dang Sing-g?ng
, ch?i-iong-g?ng go se s?i Ming-dieu gi nieng-ho?, dang-se ci? Dang Sing-g?ng d?k-ling-e ng-l?k Ming-dieu huong-da?, s?k-cie ? ciah se Dai-u?ng ?
D?ng-ning Uong-guok
“ (東寧王國) gi s?k-cie t?ng-de-ci?.
1683 nieng, Mu?ng-ch?ng pah gia Dai-u?ng,
Dang Kaik-s?ng
dau-hong, D?ng-ning Uong-guok mi?k-uong.
D??ng-guok
l?k-s??
|
S??-seng
|
Ha
|
Si?ng
|
Ci?
(
S??-ci?
,
D??ng-ci?
,
Ch?ng-chi?
,
Cieng-guok
)
|
Cing
|
Hang
(
S??-hang
,
S?ng
,
D??ng-hang
)
|
S?ng-guok
(
Co?-ngoi
,
S??k-hang
,
D??ng-ngu
)
|
Ceng
(
S??-ceng
,
D??ng-ceng
)
|
Ng?-hu S?k-l??k-guok
(
Sing-hang
,
Seng-dieu
,
Haiu-dieu
,
Seng-liong
,
Seng-i?ng
,
Seng-cing
,
Haiu-i?ng
,
Haiu-cing
,
S??-cing
,
Haiu-liong
,
Nang-liong
,
S??-liong
,
Bae?k-liong
,
Nang-i?ng
,
Bae?k-i?ng
,
Ha
)
|
Nang-bae?k-dieu
(
Nang-dieu
:
Lau-song
,
Nang-ca?
,
Nang-liong
,
Nang-ding
;
Bae?k-dieu
:
Bae?k-ngoi
,
S??-ngoi
,
D??ng-ngoi
,
Bae?k-ci?
,
Bae?k-ca?
)
|
Sui
|
Dong
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Ng?-dai S?k-guok
(
Ng?-dai
:
Haiu-liong
,
Haiu-dong
,
Haiu-ceng
,
Haiu-hang
,
Haiu-ci?
;
S?k-guok
:
Ngu-u?k
,
Ming
,
G?ng-nang
,
M?-ch?
,
Iong-ngu
,
Nang-dong
,
Nang-hang
,
Bae?k-hang
,
Seng-s??k
,
Haiu-s??k
)
|
Song
(
Bae?k-song
,
Nang-song
)
|
Lieu
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G?ng
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S??-ha
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Nguong
|
Ming
(
Nang-ming
)
|
Ch?ng
|
D??ng-hua Ming-guok
|
D??ng-hua Ing-ming Ge??ng-huo-guok
|