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|
3PL-make-TOPIC.ADVANCING.VOICE-CL.HOUSE-REC.PAST.NON.VISUAL
|
| '???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????'
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??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????
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??????????????, ???????; ??????, ??????; ????????????, ???????, ????????? (????)?
"Arawakan"
?
???????? ?.?
(?????? ??????)? ????, ????????: ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????
- ↑
?????????? (????), ??? ???
- ↑
????? (????)
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?????????? (????), ??? ??
- ↑
"????????" (????)?
- ↑
??????? ??? ??????? (????)?
- ↑
??????? (????: ??):
[The Arawakan] name is the one normally applied to what is here called Maipurean. Maipurean used to be thought to be a major subgroup of Arawakan, but all the
living
Arawakan languages, at least, seem to need to be subgrouped with languages already found within Maipurean as commonly defined. The sorting out of the labels Maipurean and Arawakan will have to await a more sophisticated classification of the languages in question than is possible at the present state of comparative studies.
- ↑
?????????? (????), ??? ???
- ↑
??????? (????), ??? ???-????
- ↑
?????????? (????), ??? ??-???
- ↑
?
?
?????????? (????), ??? ???
- ↑
?
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?????????? (????), ??? ???
- ??????????, ????????????
(????)? "?? ???????? ???????????? ????????"? ??????, ??. ??. ??????.; ??????????, ?????????????
?? ?????????? ??????????????
? ?????????: ????????? ???????????? ??????
????????
0-521-57021-2
?
- ?? ?????
(????)?
?? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????
,
Verhandelingen der Koninkljke Akademie van Wetenshappen te Amserdam, Ajdeiling Letterkunde, Nieuwe Reeks
?
- ????? ???????
. (????)?
??? ????? ?? ?????: ????? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????
?
- ???????, ???????
(????)? "???????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????: ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ???"? ????, ??. ??.?
?????????????? ??????????????: ??????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????????? ??????????????
? ??????: ???????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????
????????
0-292-70414-3
?
- ???????, ???????
(????)? "??? ????? ?????????????? ?? ???? ??????"? ?????, ??.; ???????, ??. ?.?
???????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????????????
? ?????: ??????? ?????? ??????
????????
0-292-70414-3
?
- Rudes, Blair A. "Pre-Columbian Links to the Caribbean: Evidence Connecting Cusabo to Taino", paper presented at
Language Variety in the South III
conference, Tuscaloosa, AL, 16 April 2004.
- Walker, R. S., & Ribeiro, L. A. (2011).
Bayesian phylogeography of the Arawak expansion in lowland South America
. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278(1718), 2562?2567.
?????
:
10.1098/rspb.2010.2579
- Campbell, Lyle. (1997).
American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America
. New York: Oxford University Press.
????????
?-??-??????-?
.
- Derbyshire, Desmond C. (1992). Arawakan languages. In W. Bright (Ed.),
International encyclopedia of linguistics
(Vol. 1, pp. 102?105). New Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Migliazza, Ernest C.; & Campbell, Lyle. (1988).
Panorama general de las lenguas indigenas en America
(pp. 223). Historia general de America (Vol. 10). Caracas: Instituto Panamericano de Geografia e Historia.
- Payne, David. (1991). A classification of Maipuran (Arawakan) languages based on shared lexical retentions. In D. C. Derbyshire & G. K. Pullum (Eds.),
Handbook of Amazonian languages
(Vol. 3, pp. 355?499). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
- Solis Fonseca, Gustavo. (2003). Lenguas en la amazonia peruana. Lima: edicion por demanda.
- Zamponi, Raoul. (2003). Maipure, Munich: Lincom Europa.
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?-?????-???-?
.