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????????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????????????? , ????????????? , ????????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????, ????????????? ??? ?????????? ^[?] ???????????? ?????? ??????????? , ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????, ?????????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ^[?] ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ^[?] ??? ??????, ??????????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????

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????????????? ?? ???????????? ??? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ????, ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? (Germ Theory) ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????????? (Koch's postulate) ???????????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????, ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????, ????????????, ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???, ????????????, ???????? ???????? ? ????????????? ???????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????

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????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????, ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? (Antisepsis) ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ????-???? ????? ????, ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????-?????? ?????? (plates of nutrient medium) ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? ???-???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? , ????????? ?????????? , ???? ???? , ????????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ????????????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ^[?]^[?]^[?]

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????????? [ ???????? ]

↑ Wassenaar, T. M.? "Bacteriology: the study of bacteria" ? www.mmgc.eu? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?
↑ Ward J. MacNeal; Herbert Upham Williams (????)? Pathogenic micro-organisms; a text-book of microbiology for physicians and students of medicine ? P. Blakiston's sons & co.? ?????? 1 ? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?
↑ Jeanne Stove Poindexter (?? ??????? ????)? Methods and special applications in bacterial ecology ? Springer? ?????? 87? ???????? 978-0-306-42346-8 ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?
↑ Kreuder?Sonnen, Katharina(Aug 2016) History of Bacteriology. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0003073.pub2]
↑ Baron, Samuel. “Introduction to Bacteriology.” Medical Microbiology. 4th Edition., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1996, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8120/. Retrieved 22 November 2017
↑ The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Bacteriology.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Sept. 2010, www.britannica.com/science/bacteriology. Retrieved 22 November 2017

??? ????? [ ???????? ]

McGrew, Roderick. Encyclopedia of Medical History (1985), brief history pp 25?30

[1] Wassenaar, T. M.? "Bacteriology: the study of bacteria" ? www.mmgc.eu? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?

[MacNealWilliams1914-2] Ward J. MacNeal; Herbert Upham Williams (????)? Pathogenic micro-organisms; a text-book of microbiology for physicians and students of medicine ? P. Blakiston's sons & co.? ?????? 1 ? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?

[Poindexter1986-3] Jeanne Stove Poindexter (?? ??????? ????)? Methods and special applications in bacterial ecology ? Springer? ?????? 87? ???????? 978-0-306-42346-8 ? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?

[auto-4] Kreuder?Sonnen, Katharina(Aug 2016) History of Bacteriology. In: eLS. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester. http://www.els.net ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? [doi: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0003073.pub2]

[5] Baron, Samuel. “Introduction to Bacteriology.” Medical Microbiology. 4th Edition., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1996, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8120/. Retrieved 22 November 2017

[6] The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. “Bacteriology.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 7 Sept. 2010, www.britannica.com/science/bacteriology. Retrieved 22 November 2017

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