????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ? ??????????? ? ?????? ????????? ???? ^[?] ??? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????, ????????? ? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???, ???? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? (????????, ????????, ???????? ???????) ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??° ??. ??????????? KNO ₃ ?? ????????? ?? 60 ????? ???? ???? ?? ? ??????????? 100g ?????? ???????? 60g KNO ₃ ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?

?????????? ??????????? [ ???????? ]

????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????:

?. ?????? ???????

?. ???????? ???????

?. ???

?. ????????? ?. ????????

?????????? ??? ????? ?????? [ ???????? ]

??? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????/????? ??? ??? ? ??????? ? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ??????/????? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? CO ₂ ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? CO ₂ ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? CO ₂ ?? ?????????? ????? ???- ??? ????? ????

????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???:

${\displaystyle p=k_{\rm {H}}\,c}$

where ${\displaystyle k_{\rm {H}}}$ ?? ?????? ??????, ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????? (????, ???.? L · atm / mol ???????? (O ₂ ) ???, ??? K), ${\displaystyle p}$ ?? ????? ???, ? ${\displaystyle c}$ ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? (mol/L ????)?

?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? [ ???????? ]

??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ????????? NaOH; ?? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ????

?? KNO ₃ , NaNO ₃ , KCl, Pb(NO ₃ ) _2, K ₂ CO ₃ ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? KNO ₃ ?? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?

?? NaCl ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?

?????? ????? [ ???????? ]

???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? K _ip ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??(???????? ?????)? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?? K _ip ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????

????????? ????? [ ???????? ]

????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????? K _sp ?????? ?????? ??? ???? K _sp ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????

???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ? ????????? ?????? K _sp ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???? K _sp ?????? ????, ????????? ????? ???? K _sp ????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? K _ip ???? K _sp ???? ???, ????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? K _ip K _sp ?? ???? ???, ????? ??????? ????????? ??? K _ip, K _sp ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????

????????? [ ???????? ]