???????????, ????? ???????? ????
???????? ?????
(
?????
:
Regnum Hierosolymitanum
;
??????? ?????
:
Roiaume de Jherusalem
) ??????????????
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[?]
- ↑
???,???????,??? ?????????
- ↑
Frank McLynn,
Richard and John: Kings at War
chapter 5, page 118.
- ↑
William Harris, "Lebanon: A History, 600 - 2011," Oxford University Press, p. 51
- ↑
Example (title of works):
"Professor Benjamin Kedar"
?
Resources for studying the crusades
(?????? ??????)? Queen Mary University of London? Research output? ????-??-?? ??????
???
???? ??????? ???
? ???????? ????? ????-??-??
?
1994 (with Muhammad al-Hajjuj:) "Muslim Villagers of the Frankish Kingdom of Jerusalem: Some Demographic and Onomastic Data," in Itineraires d'Orient. Hommages a Claude Cahen, ed Raoul Curiel and Rika Gyselen [=Res Orientales, vol 6], (Bures-sur-Yvette, 1994), pp 145-56
- ↑
Arteaga, Deborah L. (????-??-??)?
Research on Old French: The State of the Art
(?????? ??????)? Springer Science & Business Media? ?????? 206?
????????
9789400747685
?
- ↑
Jean-Benoit Nadeau; Julie Barlow (? ????????? ????)?
The Story of French
? St. Martin's Press? ?????? 34??
????????
978-1-4299-3240-0
?
- ↑
"Jerusalem in the Crusader Period"
?
Bar-Ilan University
? Ingeborg Rennert Center for Jerusalem Studies? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????
???
???? ??????? ???
? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????
?
- ↑
Benjamin Z. Kedar, "The Subjected Muslims of the Frankish Levant", in
Muslims Under Latin Rule, 1100?1300
, ed. James M. Powell, Princeton University Press, 1990, pg. 148; reprinted in
The Crusades: The Essential Readings
, ed. Thomas F. Madden, Blackwell, 2002, pg. 244. Kedar quotes his numbers from
Joshua Prawer
,
Histoire du royaume latin de Jerusalem
, tr. G. Nahon, Paris, 1969, vol. 1, pp. 498, 568?72.
- ↑
Verlinben 1970
, ??. 19?21
- Primary source
s
- Fulcher of Chartres
,
A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem, 1095?1127
, trans. Frances Rita Ryan. University of Tennessee Press, 1969.
- William of Tyre
,
A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea
, trans. E.A. Babcock and A.C. Krey.
Columbia University Press
, 1943.
- Philip K. Hitti
, trans.,
An Arab-Syrian Gentleman and Warrior in the Period of the Crusades; Memoirs of
Usamah ibn-Munqidh
(
Kitab al i'tibar
). New York, 1929
- Secondary source
s
- Ferdinandi, Sergio (????)?
La Contea Franca di Edessa. Fondazione e Profilo Storico del Primo Principato Crociato nel Levante (1098-1150)
(??????? ??????)? Rome, Italy: Pontificia Universita Antonianum?
????????
978-88-7257-103-3
?
- Bernard Hamilton,
The Leper King & His Heirs
. Cambridge, 2000.
- Carole Hillenbrand
,
The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives
. Routledge, 2000.
- Holt, P. M.
The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517
. Longman, 1989.
- Humphreys, R. S. (1997)
From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260
, SUNY Press
- Benjamin Z. Kedar
, Hans Eberhard Mayer & R. C. Smail, ed.,
Outremer: Studies in the history of the Crusading Kingdom of Jerusalem presented to Joshua Prawer
. Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute, 1982.
- John L. La Monte,
Feudal Monarchy in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1100?1291
. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1932.
- Hans E. Mayer,
The Crusades
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Oxford University Press
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. Ignatius Press, 2003.
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. London, 1972.
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The Feudal Nobility and the Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1174?1277
. The Macmillan Press, 1973.
- Jonathan Riley-Smith,
The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading
. University of Pennsylvania, 1991.
- Jonathan Riley-Smith, ed.,
The Oxford History of the Crusades
. Oxford, 2002.
- Runciman, Steven
(?????????)?
A History of the Crusades
(3 vols.)
? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press?
- Setton, Kenneth M.
, ??????? (?????????)?
A History of the Crusades (6 vols.)
? Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press?
- Steven Tibble,
Monarchy and Lordships in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099?1291
. Clarendon Press, 1989.
- Verlinden, Charles (????)?
The beginning of Modern Colonization
? Ithica: Cornell University Press?
- Jerusalem, Latin Kingdom of (1099?1291)
? Article in the Catholic Encyclopedia
