??? ?????? ?????: ??, ??????? ??? ????
??
??????
????????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????
????? ???
(??????? ?????
??????
) ????
?????
??????-??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? ???
[?]
????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????
??????????
,
?????????
???
????????????
?????? ??????????? ??? ????, ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??? ?? ???????? ????
[?]
????????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????: ???????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????, ????-
???????
,
???? ????????
???
?????????
,
??
???
?????
?? ????
[?]
[?]
??????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????
[?]
[?]
????????????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????
[?]
[?]
??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????????????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????
[?]
??????? ?????? - ???? ???????, ??????????? ??? ????????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????, ????????? ?????? ????
[?]
??????? ?????? ????: ????-??????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ????
[?]
??????????? ??? ????: ????????? ??????? ??? ??????-??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???????????????? ???????? ??? ????-???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???, ?? ?????????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????
[?]
[?]
???????? ??? (??????????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ??????)-?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????????????????? ??????? ????? ????: ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????-???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????-??????? (??, ?????? ??? ???????) ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????????- ???? ????????, ???????, ????????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????????? ???? ????? ????? ???, ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????
[?]
?????? ? ???
[
????????
]
????????
|
????? ???
|
???/???????
|
??? ????????? ????????????? ???
|
β-???????
(??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????)
|
???????
|
E 460
|
????, ??, ??????? (?????????? ?? ?????????)
|
??????
|
?
|
??????
,
?????????
???
??????????????
?? ??????????????
|
???????????
|
|
?????????,
????
,
???
, ??? ?????? ????
|
?????????
|
?
|
??
,
??
|
???????
|
?
|
???
,
??
|
??????
|
?
|
???????? ????? ??, ??????? (
??????? ?????
?????), ?????????
|
????????? ???
|
E 415
|
????????????
????????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????
|
????????? ???????
|
|
??? ?? ???? (???? RS1), ??????? ??????? (???? RS2) ???? ?????????? ??????? (???? RS3) ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????
[??]
|
????????? ???????
|
?
|
???? ?????????? ??????, ??????, ???? ?????????? ??, ????, ????? ???, ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???
[??]
|
??? ???????? ????????????? ???
|
?????????????
(????
???????????
)
|
?
|
??????? ????
[??]
|
????????
|
|
????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???????
|
??????
|
?
|
??????? ???????, ????:
???? ?????????
,
?????
???????
|
??????????
|
??????
|
E 440
|
???? ?????? (???????
????
,
??????
, ???????
|
?????????? ???????
(??????????)
|
E 400?E 407
|
??????
|
???????? ??????????
|
E 401
|
????????? ??????????
|
E 402
|
???????????? ??????????
|
E 403
|
??????????? ??????????
|
E 404
|
????????? ???????? ??????????
(?????)
|
E 405
|
????
|
E 406
|
??????????? ???????
|
E 407
|
??? ?????
|
???????
|
?
|
??? ??????
|
?????????????
|
E 1200
|
????????? ??????, ca. 1kcal/g
|
??????? ??????
[
????????
]
????????????? ??? ??, ???? ???
???? ????????
?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????:
[??]
????? ??????
|
??????? ????
|
???????????? ????? ??
|
??
|
???
????
(?.? ???)
[??]
[??]
|
?.?
????
|
???? ???? ???????
|
??? ???? (?.? ???)
|
?.? ????
|
???????? ????
|
??? ???? (?.? ???)
|
2.1 ????
|
????? ?????? ??????? (??? ??????)
|
??? ???? (?.? ???)
|
?.? ????
|
???????????? ???????
|
??? ???? (?.? ???)
|
?.? ????
|
???????? ????
|
??? ???? (?.? ???)
|
?.? ????
|
???? ????????
|
?? ???? (? ?????)
|
2.4 ????
|
????
|
?? ???? (? ?????)
|
?.? ????
|
????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????, ??????? ????, ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???, ????
????????????? ???????????
??? ?????? ??????
????????????? ?????
?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????, ???? ????????? ??????? ??? (??? ????? ????? ?? ?????) ??? ????????? ???? ???? (??? ????? ????? ?? ?????), ?? ??????? ??????? ???????
[??]
??????? ?????????, ????
????? ???????
,
????????????? ???????? ??????
(?????)-?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????
[??]
[??]
???????? ???
[
????????
]
???? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????????,
???????
???
??????
????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???, ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????
[??]
???????? ??????
?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ??????:
- ??? ??????
(
????????
,
???????
,
?????
??? ????????
???
)
- ??
,
???
,
?????
, ???
??
- ????
??
(including
?????
,
???????
,
???
,
?????????
,
???
, ?????
???
, ??????
????
,
??
???
???????
s)
- ???? ???? ????
??????
,
????
???
????????? ?????????
- ??? ????
???
???????
????
?????? ???
???
???????
(?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???)
- ??????? ????
(???? ???????? ???????? ???) ???
???? ???
- ?????
, ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????
????????? ??????
?? ???????? ????? ??????:
- ↑
?
?
"Dietary fibre"
? British Nutrition Foundation? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????
???
???? ??????? ???
? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????
?
- ↑
?
?
?
?
"Fiber"
? Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University? ????? ????
? ???????? ????? ? ??????????? ????
?
- ↑
Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids (2005), Chapter 7: Dietary, Functional and Total Fiber
? US Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library and National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board? ?????
????????
978-0-309-08525-0
?
?????
:
10.17226/10490
?
- ↑
Veronese N, Solmi M, Caruso MG, Giannelli G, Osella AR, Evangelou E, ? ???????? (????? ????)? "Dietary fiber and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses"?
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
?
107
(3): 436?444?
?????
:
10.1093/ajcn/nqx082
?
????????
29566200
?
- ↑
Institute of Medicine (????)?
Dietary Reference Intakes, Proposed Definition of Dietary Fiber
? Washington, D.C.: Institute of Medicine Press? ?????? 25?
????????
978-0-309-07564-0
?
- ↑
Gallaher DD (????)? "8"?
Present Knowledge in Nutrition
(9 ???????)? Washington, D.C.: ILSI Press? ?????? 102?110?
????????
978-1-57881-199-1
?
- ↑
?
?
Institute of Medicine (????)?
Dietary Reference Intakes: Proposed Definition of Dietary Fiber
? Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press? ?????? 19?
????????
978-0-309-07564-0
?
- ↑
Bedford A, Gong J (??? ????)?
"Implications of butyrate and its derivatives for gut health and animal production"
?
Animal Nutrition
?
4
(2): 151?159?
?????
:
10.1016/j.aninu.2017.08.010
?
????????
30140754
?
??????
6104520
?
- ↑
Cummings JH (????)?
The Effect of Dietary Fiber on Fecal Weight and Composition
(3 ???????)? Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press? ?????? 184?
????????
978-0-8493-2387-4
?
- ↑
?
?
??????? ??????:
<ref>
????? ??? ???;
lockyer
????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
- ↑
Fischer MH, Yu N, Gray GR, Ralph J, Anderson L, Marlett JA (????? ????)? "The gel-forming polysaccharide of psyllium husk (Plantago ovata Forsk)"?
Carbohydrate Research
?
339
(11): 2009?17?
?????
:
10.1016/j.carres.2004.05.023
?
????????
15261594
?
- ↑
?
?
"Search, USDA Food Composition Databases"
? Nutrient Data Laboratory. USDA National Nutrient Database, US Department of Agriculture, Standard Release 28? ????
? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????
?
- ↑
U.S. Government Printing Office?Electronic Code of Federal Regulations
????????? ??????
??????????
????-??-?? ??????
- ↑
U.S. Food and Drug Administration?Guidelines for Determining Metric Equivalents of Household Measures
- ↑
Bloomfield, H. E.; Kane, R.; Koeller, E.; Greer, N.; MacDonald, R.; Wilt, T. (??????? ????)?
"Benefits and Harms of the Mediterranean Diet Compared to Other Diets"
(??????)
?
VA Evidence-based Synthesis Program Reports
?
????????
27559560
?
- ↑
"Nutrition and healthy eating: Fiber"
? Mayo Clinic? ????
? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????
?
- ↑
Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis M, Bowen PE, Hussain EA, Damayanti-Wood BI, Farnsworth NR (?? ????)? "Chemical composition and potential health effects of prunes: a functional food?"?
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
?
41
(4): 251?86?
??????????
31159565
?
?????
:
10.1080/20014091091814
?
????????
11401245
?
- ↑
Alvarado A, Pacheco-Delahaye E, Hevia P (????)?
"Value of a tomato byproduct as a source of dietary fiber in rats"
(??????)
?
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition
?
56
(4): 335?48?
??????????
21835355
?
?????
:
10.1023/A:1011855316778
?
????????
11678439
?
[
??????????? ???????? ?????
]