한국   대만   중국   일본 
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(3β)-?cholest-?5-?en-?3-?ol
???????? ???
(10 R ,?13 R )-?10,?13-?dimethyl-?17-?(6-?methylheptan-?2-?yl)-?2,?3,?4,?7,?8,?9,?11,?12,?14,?15,?16,?17-?dodecahydro-?1 H -?cyclopenta?[ a ]phenanthren-?3-?ol
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  • CC(C)CCCC(C)C1CCC2C1 (CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C
?????????
C 27 H 46 O
????? ?? 386.65 g/mol
???? white crystalline powder [?]
??????? 148?150 °C [?]
?????????? 360 °C (decomposes)
0.095 mg/L (30 °C)
??????????????? ?????? ??? ?????, ???????????? ??? ????-?????????? ????? ?????? ?????? (?? °?? (?? °??), ??? kPa) ??????? ?????? ???????
?????? ?????????
????????????? ????? ??? ??????????-??????-?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????

?????????? ?? ????? ???????????, ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? (??? ?????????) -? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????? ? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ; ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? , ????????? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??? ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??? ? ???????????? ???? ????????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?

?? ??? ??????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? - (?????)??? ?????? (?? ??????). ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? -?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?? 1769-? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????.??? ??? 1815-? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? "??????????" ?

????????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ???????? [ ???????? ]

?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????????, ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???.??? ????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????????????? ????? ????????? ???. ????????????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????.??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????? ? ????? (???? ?????????)-?? ???????? (???????????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???)??? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? 35????.??????? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???-??? ????????? ???.????????? ???????????? ???.???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???.??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???? ???.??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???. ??? ????????? ??? ?????? (?? ??????????? ????? ???? ????????????????? ???????? ?????)????????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????????-? ??? ???.

??????????? [ ???????? ]

????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ???. ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ???.??????????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????. ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (??????? ????????? ????) ??? ???????? ????? ????? ???.[9]

??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???.????????????? ????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? -?????? ??? ???????????-?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??????.?? ????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????????????? (MBCD)???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ???.???????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????.?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? (?? ?????? ????)?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???. [?]

????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????????? ????????? ??? ???. ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ????.?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????. ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? A , ??????? D , ??????? K ??? ??????? E ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ???. ??????? D ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? , ??? ????? ???? ???????????? , ????????? , ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???.

???? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ??? ???. [?]

??????? ??? [ ???????? ]

?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????????????? , ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ??????.??? ???????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????. [?] ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? , ????? ????? , ???? ???? , ?????? ???? , ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? . [?] ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????. [?] ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????. [?] ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???????????? . ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???. [?]

?????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????????? ?????? ????. [ ????????? ???????? ] ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????,?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??????,??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????.????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???. ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???.??????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? [ ????????? ???????? ] ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????????.?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???, ???????, ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????.

???????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????.?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????.???? ???????????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? 7% ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? 200 mg-? ?? ????????? ???. [?]

???????????? ??? ???? (?????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????) ????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ??????.???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???. ?? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ????. [?]

??? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? (?? ???????? ???? ???? ??????) ??? ???????? ?????????????? ????? ????? LDL ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????. [ ????????? ???????? ] ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ????.???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????. [ ????????? ???????? ] ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??.(???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ???.)??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? (?? ??????? ??? ????)?????? LDL ????????? ??? ????. [ ????????? ???????? ]

??????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ????? 20-25% ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? , ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? -?? ????????? ?????? ???? ????. ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????????? CoA -? ???? ??? ??????????????-CoA -?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? 3-??????????-3-??????????????? CoA ( HMG-CoA ) ???? ???.?? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? HMG-CoA ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????.????????? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????????? ??? ???? ????????? -??? ???????????? (`HMG-CoA ???????? ??????????).

???? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? 3- ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ATP ????????. ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ????????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????. ????????????? ???????????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????.????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???. ????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???.???? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???. [??]

1964-? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???.

????????? ????????? ?????????? [ ???????? ]

??????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????. ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????.?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????.?????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??????? SREBP (?????? ?????????????? ??? ?? ??????? 1 ??? 2-?? ????? ???? )?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ???-?????????? ????????? ??????. [??] ??????????? ?????????? SREBP ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ????:SCAP (SREBP-??????? ????????? ???????) ??? ?????? 1 .??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??????-1 ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????. ?????? S1P ??? S2P-?? (????-1 ??? ????-2)?????? ?????? ??? SREBP. ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? SCAP. ?? SREBP ?????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? SRE -? (?????? ????????? ????????,?? ???? ????? ?????????????? ???? ??????? ??? )????? ????? ????? ????.?? ????? ?????? LDL ??????? ??? HMG -CoA ????????. ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? LDL-?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? HMG-CoA ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????. [??] ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??. ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??. ????? ??. ??????????? 1970-? ????.1985-?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ???.????? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ?? ??? SREBP ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????,????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???.

??????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????. `HMG-CoA-? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ? ??? ?????? ????? (?? ???????? ????? ???????? ????)??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????.??????????? ??????????????? (??? ???????? ?????????)?? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???.?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????. ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????????, AMP ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ?? ???????? ??????? ??? AMP ?? ??????? ??? ??? ATP ?????????? ??? ???.??? ATP-? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????. [??]

?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? [ ???????? ]

??? ?????: Blood lipids

?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???. ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????.?????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??, ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ,???? ??????? ????? (??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????)??? ??????? (??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ????)????? ???????? ???. ??????????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???. ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???.

???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???, ???????????? ???? ???-???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????????????? ???? ????.?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????. ????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???: ??????????? , ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? (VLDL) , ???????? ??????? ??????????? (IDL) , ?? ??????? ???????????(LDL) , ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? (HDL) .?? ??????? ????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?? ???. ???? ????????? ???????? ??? "?????" ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ???.??? ??? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????.?? ????? ??????????? ????? ???-?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???.

??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???,??? ????? ???? ?????????????? B-48 , ?????????????? C, ?????????????? E ????? ????? ?????.????????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????.?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??, ???? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????.

???? VLDL ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ???????????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??. ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????????????? B100 ??? ?????????????? E ????. ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????????????? ???? ??? ????. IDL n??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????.IDL ??? ?????? ??? ???. ?????,?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????.???? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? LDL ??? ?? ???? ????, ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ????.

??????? ??? ??? LDL ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ???. ???????? ?????? ?????? 1500 ????????? ??????-?? ??? ??????. LDL ???? ???? ???? ?????????????? B100-? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? LDL ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ???????? ????? ????.?????????????? B 100-? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? LDL ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????.LDL ? ??? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ????.??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???.????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???.

LDL ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? SREBP . ?? ??? ?????????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????.??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? LDL ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? LDL ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???. ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? LDL ???????? ???? ???.??? ?? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??? ????? LDL ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???.?? LDL ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ????.?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???.?? ??????? ????-???????? ????? ???? ????? ????????????????? ????? -? ????????? ???. ????? ????, ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????.?? ????? LDL ??????????? ?? ???? "?????" ????????? ??? ???? ????. [??]

????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?? HDL ????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????????. [??] ???? ???????? ??? `HDL ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ??????. [??] ?????? ??? HDL ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????.

?????, ???????????? ??? ???????? [ ???????? ]

????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???.[47]????? ??????? ??? ???????? , ????? , ???????????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????. ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???.???????? 95% ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????. [??] ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????.???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????. ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??.[51]

??????????????? ??????? [ ???????? ]

???????????????????? [ ???????? ]

??? ??????????: hypercholesterolemia ? lipid hypothesis

????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ( ?????????????????????? )?? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? LDL ??????????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? HDL-?? ????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ??????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ( ???????????????? ). ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? (????? ????), ??????? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????. ????? LDL-?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? LDL ???????? ??? ?????? LDL ?????? ???????? ?????? LDL??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???. ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? "?????" ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????. [??] ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????????????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ????.???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? "???? ?????????" ??? ???? ????.?? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????, ???? , ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????. [??]

????? ??? ????? ????? ????? LDL ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???, ????? ??? "??? ?? LDL "(sdLDL)??? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???.?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????????????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ????.???????? HDL ?????? (???????? ??? HDL ?????)???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ??????? HDl ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????.2007 ???? 61 ??? ?????? 900,000 ???????? -?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????-?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????, ??? ????/???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????.???????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????.??????????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????. [??]

????????????? ??????? ??????????? LDL,IDL ??? VLDL- ?? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? (?? ???? ????????????????? ???). [??] ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????. ???????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? LDL ??? ??? HDL ????? ????? ???? ???,?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????.??? ??? LDL ?????? ???????? ?? ???? (????????? ??? ?????) ??? ???? ????? HDL ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????. [ ????????? ???????? ] ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? IDEAL ??? EPIC ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? (?? ????????????? A ??? ????????????? B-? ???? ??????? ?????? ) ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????."????" ??????????? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ??????. [??]

??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? HMG-CoA ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ????.?? ?? ???????????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ????.[64]??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???. [??] ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ("???????? ????????") ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????. [??] ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???. [??] ????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??. [??]

1987-? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????:200 mg/dL ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???, 200?239 mg/dL ?????? ???????????? ??? >240 mg/dL ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???. [??] ?? ???????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? (???? ???? ??)??????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????????. [??]

?????? mg / dL ?????? mmol / L ????????
< ??? < ?.? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??.
??????? ?.???.? ?????? ????? ???????
> ??? > ?.? ???? ????????????

?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? LDL("?????") ??? HDL ("????")??????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????. ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????.?????????????? LDL-?? ?????? ????? ???? 100 mg/dL-?? ?? (2.6 mmol /L)[77], ???? ???? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? <70 mg/dL-?? kom,?? ??????? ???????-????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ????????? ??? HDL-?? ?????? (?????? ??????? ??????)5:1 -?? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????????.?? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? LDL-?? ?????? ??????? ??? 35 mg/dL.

LDL ??????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? LDL-?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??.????? ????? LDL-?? ?????? ????????????? ??????? (?? ???? ???????? ) ??????? ????? ??? ???:[??? ????????? ]-[??? HDL]- ??? ????????????????? ????? 20% = ???????? LDL. ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??? HDL,LDL ??? ???????-?? ????? ??????? ?????.?????????? ???? ???????? ???,HDL??? ??????????????? ???? ???? ????. ??????? ????????????????? ?? ???????? VLDL ?????? ??? ???.???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????????????? ??????? ???????? ???

???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????,???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????????. 50 ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? 11% ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? 1 mg/dL ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? 14% ????? ????. ???????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????. [??] ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????.???? ??? ???? ??,?? ???? ????? ????? ??? 50-?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????,?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????.??????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????. [??]

??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????,???? ???? ? [??] ???????? ??? ????????????????-?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????.??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????????????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ????. [??]

???????????????????? [ ???????? ]

??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????????????? .?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? , ????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????.??????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??. ???? ?????? ???? ???. [??]

????????? ??????? [ ???????? ]

???????? ????? ?????????? 20 ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? 5 ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????. [??]

12 ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????. ?? ?????? ??? ?????????,LDL(?????)?????????, HDL???? )????????? ??? ???????????????? ???? ????.????? ??? ????????? 200 mg/dL ?? ??? ????,?? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? 45 ??? 50-?? ???? ?? ????? HDL (????)????????? 40 mg/??-?? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? 5 ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????.

??????????? ??? ???? [ ???????? ]

????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? (????????? ??? ?????? ?????) ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? .?? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??? ???.???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???.

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  • স্টেরয়ডোজেনেসিস - গঠন সামগ্রী হিসেবে কলেস্টেরলের ব্যবহার
    ???????????????? - ??? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????
  • স্থান-পূরণকারী কলেস্টেরল অনুর একটি প্রতিকৃতি
    ?????-???????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????
  • স্টেরয়ড নিউক্লিয়াসের সন্খ্যাকরণ
    ???????? ????????????? ??????????

??????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ↑ ? ? "Safety (MSDS) data for cholesterol" ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?   [ ??????????? ???????? ????? ]
  2. ↑ Pawlina, Wojciech; Ross, Michael W. (????)? Histology: a text and atlas: with correlated cell and molecular biology ? Philadelphia: Lippincott Wiliams & Wilkins? ?????? 230? ????????   0-7817-5056-3 ?  
  3. ↑ Smith LL (????)? "Another cholesterol hypothesis: cholesterol as antioxidant" ? Free Radic. Biol. Med. ? 11 (1): 47?61? ????? : 10.1016/0891-5849(91)90187-8 ? ????????   1937129 ?  
  4. ↑ Christie, William (????)? Lipid analysis: isolation, separation, identification, and structural analysis of lipids ? Ayr, Scotland: Oily Press? ????????   0-9531949-5-7 ?  
  5. ↑ ? ? "USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 21" (??????) ? United States Department of Agriculture? ????-??-?? ?????? ??? (PDF) ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?  
  6. ↑ Jensen RG, Hagerty MM, McMahon KE (????)? "Lipids of human milk and infant formulas: a review" (PDF) ? Am J Clin Nutr ? 31 (6): 990?1016? ????????   352132 ?   ????? ??????????? |day= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? ); ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  7. ↑ Ostlund RE, Racette, SB, and Stenson WF (????)? "Inhibition of cholesterol absorption by phytosterol-replete wheat germ compared with phytosterol-depleted wheat germ" ? Am J Clin Nutr ? 77 (6): 1385?1589? ????????   12791614 ?  
  8. ↑ "High blood cholesterol: what you need to know" ? National cholesterol education program? ????-??-?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?  
  9. ↑ Le Fanu, James (????)? The rise and fall of modern medicine ? New York, NY: Carroll & Graf? ????????   0-7867-0732-1 ?  
  10. ↑ Rhodes, Carl; Stryer, Lubert; Tasker, Roy (????)? Biochemistry (4th ???????)? San Francisco: W.H. Freeman? ?????? 280, 703? ????????   0-7167-2009-4 ?  
  11. ↑ Espenshade PJ, Hughes AL (????)? "Regulation of sterol synthesis in eukaryotes"? Annu. Rev. Genet. ? 41 : 401?27? ????? : 10.1146/annurev.genet.41.110306.130315 ? ????????   17666007 ?  
  12. ↑ Brown MS, Goldstein JL (????)? "The SREBP pathway: regulation of cholesterol metabolism by proteolysis of a membrane-bound transcription factor"? Cell ? 89 : 331? ????? : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80213-5 ? ????????   9150132 ?  
  13. ↑ ? ? Tymoczko, John L.; Stryer Berg Tymoczko; Stryer, Lubert; Berg, Jeremy Mark (????)? Biochemistry ? San Francisco: W.H. Freeman? ?????? 726?727? ????????   0-7167-4955-6 ?  
  14. ↑ Lewis GF, Rader DJ (????)? "New insights into the regulation of HDL metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport"? Circ. Res. ? 96 (12): 1221?32? ????? : 10.1161/01.RES.0000170946.56981.5c ? ????????   15976321 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  15. ↑ Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Garrison RJ, Neaton JD, Castelli WP, Knoke JD, Jacobs DR, Bangdiwala S, Tyroler HA (????)? "High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Four prospective American studies" ? Circulation ? 79 (1): 8?15? ????????   2642759 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  16. ↑ Wolkoff AW, Cohen DE (????)? "Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: I. Hepatocyte transport of bile acids"? Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. ? 284 (2): G175?9? ????? : 10.1152/ajpgi.00409.2002 ? ????????   12529265 ?   ????? ??????????? |doi_brokendate= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? ); ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  17. ↑ Brunzell JD, Davidson M, Furberg CD, Goldberg RB, Howard BV, Stein JH, Witztum JL (????)? "Lipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation" ? Diabetes Care ? 31 (4): 811?22? ????? : 10.2337/dc08-9018 ? ????????   18375431 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  18. ↑ Durrington P (????)? "Dyslipidaemia"? Lancet ? 362 (9385): 717?31? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14234-1 ? ????????   12957096 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  19. ↑ ? ? Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R, Sherliker P, Emberson J, Halsey J, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R (????)? "Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55,000 vascular deaths"? Lancet ? 370 (9602): 1829?39? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61778-4 ? ????????   18061058 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  20. ↑ "Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) Final Report" (??????) ? National Institutes of Health. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute? ????-??-?? ?????? ??? (PDF) ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?  
  21. ↑ van der Steeg WA, Holme I, Boekholdt SM, Larsen ML, Lindahl C, Stroes ES, Tikkanen MJ, Wareham NJ, Faergeman O, Olsson AG, Pedersen TR, Khaw KT, Kastelein JJ (????)? "High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein particle size, and apolipoprotein A-I: significance for cardiovascular risk: the IDEAL and EPIC-Norfolk studies"? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. ? 51 (6): 634?42? ????? : 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.060 ? ????????   18261682 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  22. ↑ "MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial"? Lancet ? 360 (9326): 7?22? ????? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09327-3 ? ????????   12114036 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  23. ↑ Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlane PW, McKillop JH, Packard CJ (????)? "Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group"? N. Engl. J. Med. ? 333 (20): 1301?7? ????? : 0.1056/NEJM199511163332001 |doi= ?? ??? ??????? ???? ( ??????? ) ? ????????   7566020 ?   ????? ??????????? |doi_brokendate= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? ); ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  24. ↑ Grundy SM (????)? "Should women be offered cholesterol lowering drugs to prevent cardiovascular disease? Yes" ? BMJ ? 334 (7601): 982? ????? : 10.1136/bmj.39202.399942.AD ? ????????   17494017 ? ??????   1867899   অবাধে প্রবেশযোগ্য?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  25. ↑ Kendrick M (????)? "Should women be offered cholesterol lowering drugs to prevent cardiovascular disease? No" ? BMJ ? 334 (7601): 983? ????? : 10.1136/bmj.39202.397488.AD ? ????????   17494018 ? ??????   1867901   অবাধে প্রবেশযোগ্য?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  26. ↑ , (????)? "Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. The Expert Panel"? Arch. Intern. Med. ? 148 (1): 36?69? ????? : 10.1001/archinte.148.1.36 ? ????????   3422148 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  27. ↑ "Cholesterol" ? American Heart Association? ????-??-?? ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?  
  28. ↑ Anderson KM, Castelli WP, Levy D (????)? "Cholesterol and mortality. 30 years of follow-up from the Framingham study"? JAMA ? 257 (16): 2176?80? ????? : 10.1001/jama.257.16.2176 ? ????????   3560398 ?   ????? ??????????? |month= ??????? ??? ?????? ( ??????? )
  29. ↑ Ulmer H, Kelleher C, Diem G, Concin H (????)? "Why Eve is not Adam: prospective follow-up in 149650 women and men of cholesterol and other risk factors related to cardiovascular and all-cause mortality"? J Womens Health (Larchmt) ? 13 (1): 41?53? ????? : 10.1089/154099904322836447 ? ????????   15006277 ?  
  30. ↑ Uffe Ravnskov (????)? The Cholesterol Myths : Exposing the Fallacy that Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Cause Heart Disease ? New Trends Publishing, Incorporated? ????????   0-96708-970-0 ?  
  31. ↑ Daniel Steinberg (????)? The Cholesterol Wars: The Cholesterol Skeptics vs the Preponderance of Evidence ? Boston: Academic Press? ????????   0-12-373979-9 ?  
  32. ↑ "How To Get Your Cholesterol Tested" ? American Heart Association ? ???????? ????? ????-??-?? ?  

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