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????? - ??????????? ???????????? ????

?????

???????????, ????? ???????? ????

?????
?????? ???????: Late Pleistocene - Recent
???? Labrador Retriever
??? ????
????????? ?????????????
??????? : Eukaryota
??? : Animal ia
???? : ???????
?????? : ???????????
???? : ???????
?????? : Canidae
?? : Canis
??????? : C. lupus
????????? : C. l. familiaris
??????? ???
Canis lupus familiaris
( ????????? ???????? , ????)

????? ?????????? (Carnivora) ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????????, ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????

?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???,??? ??? ???? [?] ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? [?] [?] . ?????? ? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? (?????? ???? ??? ???????)? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? (breed) ???? ??????, ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? (???? ????????????) ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? (???? ????? ?????????) ???????

???? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????

????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2498669.stm
  2. Vila, C. et al. (1997). Other research suggests that dogs have only been domesticated for a much shorter amount of time. Multiple and ancient origins of the domestic dog. ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? Science 276 :1687?1689. (Also "Multiple and Ancient Origins of the Domestic Dog" ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????)
  3. Lindblad-Toh, K, et al. (2005) Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog. Nature 438 , 803?819.