????? ?????? ???????
"Charles III"
Charles Edward Stuart , by Allan Ramsay , painted at Holyrood Palace in ???????? , late autumn 1745. Found in the collection of the Earl of Wemyss , Gosford House ; now in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery
Jacobite pretender
Pretendence	1 January 1766 ? 31 January 1788
???????	James "III and VIII"
????????	Henry "IX"
?????	?? ?????? ???? Palazzo Muti , ??? , States of the Church
?????	?? ?????? ???? (?? ???) Palazzo Muti , ??? , States of the Church
???	St. Peter's Basilica , Vatican City
???? ???????	Louise of Stolberg-Gedern
????????	Charlotte Stuart, Duchess of Albany (illegitimate)
????? ??? Charles Edward Louis John Casimir Silvester Severino Maria Stuart [?]
??????	Stuart
???	???? ??????? ?????? ???????
???	????? ???????? ???????
???	??????? ???????

????? ?????? ??????? ( ???????????? : Charles Edward Stuart) ??? ??????? ????. ? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???.

1. ^ Additional Manuscripts, British Library, 30,090, quoted in Frank McLynn, Charles Edward Stuart: A Tragedy in Many Acts (London: Routledge, 1988), 8.