Neanderthal ????? ?????????: Middle ? Late Pleistocene 0.43/0.25?0.04  Ma Pre? ? O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Late Neanderthal skull ( La Chapelle-aux-Saints 1 )
An approximate reconstruction of a Neanderthal skeleton (The central ribcage, including the sternum, and parts of the pelvis are from modern humans.)
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????:	Primate
??? ????:	Haplorhini
Infraorder:	Simian
?????:	Hominidae
?????????:	Homininae
????:	Homo King , 1864
???:	† H. neanderthalensis
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† Homo neanderthalensis King , 1864
Known Neanderthal range in Europe (blue), Southwest Asia (orange), Uzbekistan (green), and the Altai mountains (violet).
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Homo stupidus ( Haeckel 1866) [?] Homo mousteriensis ( Klaatsch 1909) [?] Palaeoanthropus neanderthalensis [?]

????????? ?????? (Homo neanderthalensis) ????????? . ?????? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ?????????? ??????????.???????? ???????? ?????? ??? 230,000 ?????? ????? 130.000 ????? ???????.?????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? 130.000??? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????.50??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.??? ??? ????????? ???? 33 ??? ??? ????? 24 ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ?????.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal ?????????? ???? ???? (??????? 2016)

1. ^ ?????? ????? ????? <ref> ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ??? naming ???? ???? ???
2. ^ Romeo, Luigi (1979). Ecce Homo!:A Lexicon of Man . Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 92. ISBN   9027220069 .
3. ^ Camp, C. L; Allison, H. J.; Nichols, R. H. (1964). Bibliography of Fossil Vertebrates 1954?1958 . New York: The Geological Society of America, Inc. p. 556. ISBN   9780813710921 .