?????? (??? ???????)

????-????????? ?????? ?, ????????? (?????????, ????????????? ???????? ?? ?????? , ????????), ??????????? (?????????, S. aureus , ????) ??? ???????? (?????????, Sulfolobus , ???????).

???????????? ???????????? ? ?????? ??????, ???????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????? ????? ????-????????? ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???, ?????? ?????? ?'? - ????????, ??????????? ??? ????????? (???????????????) ? ^[1] ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???????????????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????????????? ??????? ??????????? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ? ??? ??? ???? ?

?????? ???????????? ???? [ ???????? ??? ]

??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????

????-????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???????????????? (?'????) ??? ??????????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ? ^[2]
?????? ????'?????? ??????????? ??? ???????? (???????? ??? ?????????? ??????) ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ? ?? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????????, ???? ??? ?????????? ? ^[3]^[4]^[5]

?????? ? ???????? [ ???????? ??? ]

???? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?

???? ?????? [ ???????? ??? ]

↑ Woese C, Kandler O, Wheelis M (1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya." . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA ???? 87 (12): 4576?9. doi : 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 . PMID 2112744 . PMC 54159 . http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/87/12/4576 ? ???? ??? ????: 11 February 2010 .
↑ Mayr, Ernst (1998). "Two empires or three?" . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA ???? 95 (17): 9720?9723. doi : 10.1073/pnas.95.17.9720 . PMID 9707542 . PMC 33883 . http://www.pnas.org/content/95/17/9720.full ? ???? ??? ????: 5 September 2011 .
↑ Archibald, John M. (23 December 2008). "The eocyte hypothesis and the origin of eukaryotic cells" . PNAS ???? 105 (51): 20049?20050. doi : 10.1073/pnas.0811118106 . http://www.pnas.org/content/105/51/20049.full .
↑ Lake, James A.; Henderson, Eric; Oakes, Melanie; Clark, Michael W. (June 1984). "Eocytes: A new ribosome structure indicates a kingdom with a close relationship to eukaryotes" . PNAS ???? 81 : 3786?3790. doi : 10.1073/pnas.81.12.3786 . http://www.pnas.org/content/81/12/3786.short .
↑ Williams, Tom A.; Foster, Peter G.; Cox, Cymon J.; Embley, T. Martin (December 2013). "An archaeal origin of eukaryotes supports only two primary domains of life" . Nature ???? 504 (7479): 231?236. doi : 10.1038/nature12779 . PMID 24336283 . http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v504/n7479/full/nature12779.html .

[1] Woese C, Kandler O, Wheelis M (1990). "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya." . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA ???? 87 (12): 4576?9. doi : 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 . PMID 2112744 . PMC 54159 . http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/87/12/4576 ? ???? ??? ????: 11 February 2010 .

[Mayr1998-2] Mayr, Ernst (1998). "Two empires or three?" . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA ???? 95 (17): 9720?9723. doi : 10.1073/pnas.95.17.9720 . PMID 9707542 . PMC 33883 . http://www.pnas.org/content/95/17/9720.full ? ???? ??? ????: 5 September 2011 .

[Archibald-3] Archibald, John M. (23 December 2008). "The eocyte hypothesis and the origin of eukaryotic cells" . PNAS ???? 105 (51): 20049?20050. doi : 10.1073/pnas.0811118106 . http://www.pnas.org/content/105/51/20049.full .

[Lake-4] Lake, James A.; Henderson, Eric; Oakes, Melanie; Clark, Michael W. (June 1984). "Eocytes: A new ribosome structure indicates a kingdom with a close relationship to eukaryotes" . PNAS ???? 81 : 3786?3790. doi : 10.1073/pnas.81.12.3786 . http://www.pnas.org/content/81/12/3786.short .

[2domains-5] Williams, Tom A.; Foster, Peter G.; Cox, Cymon J.; Embley, T. Martin (December 2013). "An archaeal origin of eukaryotes supports only two primary domains of life" . Nature ???? 504 (7479): 231?236. doi : 10.1038/nature12779 . PMID 24336283 . http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v504/n7479/full/nature12779.html .

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