????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????
????? ???????
(1882- 27
????? ??????
1937)
[2]
[3]
????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??
??? ????
??
????? ???????
??
???????
??? 1936? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??
???????? ???????
? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???
???? ?????
?? ?????
[3]
??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.
??????? ???????
[
???
]
????? ???? (??? ????) ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??
?????
????? ????????? ??? 1884 ?????? ?????
??????
????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????.
[4]
[5]
????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? (??????? ?????????? ????????) ??? 1889.
[3]
????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??
?? ???????
.
?????? ????????
[
???
]
??? ??
????????
????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? 1902
?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? 1905 ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
?? ????? ??
??? ???????
???
????? ???????? ??????
???? ???
???
?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??
??????
??
?????
??? 1916 ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????
???????
?????? ????? ?? ???????
??? ???? ??
??????
????? ??
??? ??????
?????? ???? ????
??????? ??????
???? ???
????
???? ??? ????? ??
???????
???? ?????
???? ?? ??????
???? ????? ?????? ??? ????
?????
???????
???? ??
??????????
??
?????? ??????? ??????
? ??? ????? ????? ??
???? ???????
.
[6]
????? ???????
[
???
]
???????
????????
???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??
????? ???? ?????
.
[7]
??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????
???? ??? ??????
???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????
??????
??? ???? ??? ????? ??? 1925 ??? ???? ????
??? ?????? ??????
.
??? ???? ???????? ??
???? ?????? ???????
???? ?? ??? ????????? ??
??????
???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? 1922.
???? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? 1922? ???? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???
????? ???? ?????
????? ?? ???????.
????? ????? ??
?????
??? 1924 ???? ?????? ?????? ??? 1924.
??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?? 24 ????? ????? 1924 ??? 26 ?????? 1925.
??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? 10 ???? ????
??? ?????? ???????
????? ??????? ?? ????.
??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? 1935.
????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????. ?????? ???
??????
???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????
[8]
? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ≪???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????≫.
[9]
[10]
???????? ???? ??????
[
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]
????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????
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???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???
??? ????
???????? ?????? ???
1936
. ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???
?????
???? ??
????
??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? 27 ????? ?????? ??? 1937?
[11]
? ???? ????? ??? ???????
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??
?????? ??????
??
????
. ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??????. ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????.
??? ????? ???????.
??? ????? ???????.
??? ????? ??????? ????? ???
??? ?????? ????????
.
???????
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]
???? ?????
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