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????? ???? ????? [ ??? ]

???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ????? (????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????) ?? ?????. ^[6] ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????. ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ≪?????? ??????? ???????≫ }????? ????? {?? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????.

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^ ???? ????: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4957814/ .
^ ^? ^? ????? stigma ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? 15 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? stigma ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 07 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Jopling WH. Leprosy Stigma. Lepr Rev 62,1-12,1991
^ Erving Goffman (1963). Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity . Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-671-62244-7 .
^ ^? ^? Link, Bruce G.? Phelan, Jo C. (2001)? "Conceptualizing Stigma"? Annual Review of Sociology ? ?. 27? ?. 363?85? DOI : 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363
^ Frosh, Stephen. "The Other." American Imago 59.4 (2002): 389?407. Print.

[860e6fed36dca34ad1494fd8c7a77395f4d08946-1] ???? ????: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4957814/ .

[ممطن-2] ? ^? ????? stigma ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? 15 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[مطم-3] ????? stigma ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 07 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[4] Jopling WH. Leprosy Stigma. Lepr Rev 62,1-12,1991

[Goffman-1963-5] Erving Goffman (1963). Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity . Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-671-62244-7 .

[:0-6] ? ^? Link, Bruce G.? Phelan, Jo C. (2001)? "Conceptualizing Stigma"? Annual Review of Sociology ? ?. 27? ?. 363?85? DOI : 10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363

[7] Frosh, Stephen. "The Other." American Imago 59.4 (2002): 389?407. Print.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

? ? ? ?????
?????	????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? Dialect ????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? Viewpoint
???????	????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? Gayphobia ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? Perpetual foreigner ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???????
????? ????	?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? post?Cold War era ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? Neopaganism ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? Rastafari ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????????
?????? ?????/ ?????	African ??????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? Asian ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? Azerbaijani Black people African Americans ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? Bengali Catalan Chechen ???? ????? Croat ??????? ???????? ?????????? Finnish Georgian Greek ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? Hungarian Igbo ????? ?????? ????? Indigenous people ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? Italian ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? Malay Mexican ????? ?????? ????? ?????? Mongolian ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? Pashtun ??????? ???????? ??????? Quebec Romani Romanian ?????? ????? Serb ??????? ???????? ???????? Somali Tatar Thai ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? Uyghur ??????? ???????? ???????? Venezuelan Vietnamese
???????	???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? Dog whistle ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? Native American mascot controversy ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? (?????) ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????
?????? ?????	Age of candidacy ??????? ?? ?????? Blood quantum ????? ????? ??????? ????? Catholic Jewish ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????s ????????????? ???????????? Ghetto benches ????? ?????? ???? ?????? Law for Protection of the Nation ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? Nonpersons Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota) One-drop rule ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? Racial steering ???? ?????? ???? ???????? Segregation age ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? Sodomy law ????? ?????? ??? ?????? Ugly law ??? ?????????
???????? ???????	????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? Diversity training ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? Fighting Discrimination Hate speech laws by country ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????
?????? ??????	???? ??????? Amatonormativity Anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? Dehumanization ???? (?????) Ethnic penalty ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? Polyculturalism ????? ?????? ????? Prisoner abuse Racial bias in criminal news in the United States Racism by country ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????bery ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? The talk ?????? ?????
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