????? ????

????? ????
( ??????????? : Maria Angelita Ressa )?
??????? ?????
??? ???????	( ?????????? ????????? : Maria Angelita Delfin Aycardo )?
???????	2 ?????? 1963 (61 ???) ; ??????
??????	??????? ; ???????? ???????
???? ??	??????? ?????? ???????? ????????
?????? ???????
??????? ????	????? ????????
??????	?????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ??????
??????	?????????? ? ????????????
???? ?????	????? ? ?????? ?????????
???
?????	????? ( ??: 15 ????? 2020)
???????
	???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ‏ (2022) ; ????? ????????/?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? (2021) ; ????? ???? ?????? (2021) ; 100 ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? (2019) ; ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ‏ (2018) ; ?????? ???????? ; ????? ??????? ?????? - ???? ??????? ‏
???????
??????	?????? ??????
	????? ????? - ?????

????? ?. ???? (?????? 2 ?????? 1963 )? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? Rappler. ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? 2021.

????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? 2 ?? ?????? 1963? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ≪CNN≫.

?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? 2018 ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ?? 25 ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ≪??????? ??? ????≫.

??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????.

???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????. ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? 1986? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????.

≪???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????≫. ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? 2021? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????.

?? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? 329 ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.

????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ≪sea.mashable.com≫ ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ≪?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????≫.

???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ≪?????≫ ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ≪???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????≫.

????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ≪PTV 4≫? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ≪Probe≫ ?? ??? 1987? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ≪CNN≫ ?? ?????? ??? ??? 1995? ?? ????? ???? ≪CNN≫ ?? ?????? ?? 1995 ??? 2005. ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ≪?? ?? ??≫ ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ≪ICPVTR≫ ?????? ????? ≪S. Rajaratnam≫ ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????.

???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????.

??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????: ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????: 10 ???? ?? ????????? 10 ????? ?? ???????.

????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ≪Rappler≫ ?? ??? 2012 ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? 12 ?????? ???????. ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ≪Facebook≫ ???? ≪MovePH≫ ?? ????? 2011? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? 1 ?? ????? 2012. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????.

???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? 1935? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????.

?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "Maria Ressa ? Facts" (???????????) . Retrieved 2022-01-28 .
^ https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/03/02/opinion/columns/comelec-spokesman-responsible-for-scandalous-illegal-deal-with-rappler/1834811 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.icij.org/journalists/maria-ressa/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-06-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.tatlerasia.com/people/maria-ressa . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-11-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ "To journalister far arets Nobels fredspris" (?????????? ????????). NRK . 8 Oct 2021 . Retrieved 2021-10-08 .
^ "BBC 100 Women 2019: Who is on the list this year?" . BBC News Online (???????????). 16 Oct 2019. QID : Q99529371 .
^ http://www.wan-ifra.org/articles/2018/05/31/2018-golden-pen-of-freedom-awarded-to-maria-ressa-of-the-philippines . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )
^ https://www.aaldef.org/blog/emil-guillermo-asian-american-filipina-maria-ressa-wins-nobel-peace-prize/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

[wikidata-2b2a851a343d00c679139eddde745caa021bc61f-1] "Maria Ressa ? Facts" (???????????) . Retrieved 2022-01-28 .

[wikidata-31a89c1c9af8863e59cbc40b503da705859d9924-2] ttps://www.manilatimes.net/2022/03/02/opinion/columns/comelec-spokesman-responsible-for-scandalous-illegal-deal-with-rappler/1834811 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-2e513433d1d3ff007beaa13f9287d72dd71733a8-3] ttps://www.icij.org/journalists/maria-ressa/ . ???? ???? ?????? 2023-06-28 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-78fa15f8979c1ccfe4ae92038275df0c95f999af-4] ttps://www.tatlerasia.com/people/maria-ressa . ???? ???? ?????? 2022-11-03 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-2ebeb7957b5ba6b2925929ffd29f4d5ec72fea5b-5] "To journalister far arets Nobels fredspris" (?????????? ????????). NRK . 8 Oct 2021 . Retrieved 2021-10-08 .

[wikidata-43868ebb3cc926ab07688d753eb876eebe5d98a3-6] "BBC 100 Women 2019: Who is on the list this year?" . BBC News Online (???????????). 16 Oct 2019. QID : Q99529371 .

[wikidata-67b24276f1a2dfecb2200f1b8444f56d54d1619a-7] ttp://www.wan-ifra.org/articles/2018/05/31/2018-golden-pen-of-freedom-awarded-to-maria-ressa-of-the-philippines . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[wikidata-57ef803f96fd1165eb1cc3c6c7305fc131749c1d-8] ttps://www.aaldef.org/blog/emil-guillermo-asian-american-filipina-maria-ressa-wins-nobel-peace-prize/ . {{ ??????? ??? }}: |url= ????? ?????? ( ?????? ) ? ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? (?? ???? ??????) ( ?????? )

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

? ? ? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ??????
1901?1925	?????? / ???? (1901) ??????? / ???? (1902) ????? (1903) ???? ??????? ?????? (1904) ????? (1905) ?????? (1906) ?????? / ???? (1907) ????????? / ???? (1908) ??????? / ??????? (1909) ?????? ?????? ?????? (1910) ??? / ?????? (1911) ??? (1912) ???????? (1913) ?????? ?????? (1917) ?????? (1919) ?????? (1920) ???????? / ???? (1921) ????? (1922) ???????? / ???? (1925)
1926?1950	????? / ???????? (1926) ?????? / ???? (1927) ????? (1929) ??? ?????? (1930) ???? / ????? (1931) ????? (1933) ??????? (1934) ???????? (1935) ????? (1936) ????? (1937) ???? ?????? (1938) ?????? ?????? (1944) ?? (1945) ???? / ??? (1946) ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? / ???? ????? ???????? (1947) ???? (1949) ??? (1950)
1951?1975	??? (1951) ??????? (1952) ?????? (1953) ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? (1954) ?????? (1957) ??? (1958) ???? ???? (1959) ?????? (1960) ??????? (1961) ?????? (1962) ICRC / IFRC ? (1963) ???? (1964) ?????? (1965) ????? (1968) ILO ? (1969) ?????? (1970) ????? (1971) ????? / ?? (??? ???????) (1973) ???????? / ???? (1974) ??????? (1975)
1976?2000	??????? / ??????? (1976) ????? ????? ??????? (1977) ??????? / ???? (1978) ???? ????? (1979) ??????? (1980) ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? (1981) ????? / ?????? ?????? (1982) ?????? (1983) ???? (1984) ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? (1985) ????? (1986) ?????? (1987) ???? ??? ?????? (1988) ??? ???? (1989) ????????? (1990) ?? ??? (1991) ?????? (1992) ??????? / ?? ????? (1993) ????? / ????? / ????? (1994) ????? ?????? / ?????? (1995) ???? / ????? ????? (1996) ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? / ??????? (1997) ???? / ?????? (1998) ????? ??? ???? (1999) ??? ???? (2000)
2001???????	????? ??????? / ???? (2001) ????? (2002) ????? (2003) ????? (2004) ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? / ???????? (2005) ???? / ??? ?????? (2006) ??? / ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? (2007) ???????? (2008) ?????? (2009) ?????? (2010) ?????? / ???? / ????? ( 2011 ) ??????? ???????? (2012) ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? (2013) ?????? ???????? / ????? ?????? (2014) ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? (2015) ???? ?????? (2016) ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? (2017) ????? ???? / ????? ??????? (2018) ??? ???? ??? (2019) ?????? ??????? ??????? (2020) ???? / ??????? (2021) ?????????? / ???????? / ???? ??????? ??????? ( 2022 ) ???? ????? (2023)

? ? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? 2021
????????	??????? ???? (???????) ????? ???????? (??????? ???????/???????? ???????)
?????	??? ?????? ???? (???????)
??????	?????? ??????? (?????) ????? ???? (???????/???????? ???????)
????????	????? ??????? (???????) ??????? ?????? (???????? ???????) ?????? ?????? (???????)
???? ?? ??? ????? ???????	????? ?????? (???????? ???????) ????? ?????????? (?????/???????? ???????)
??????????	????? ??????? (???????/???????? ???????) ????? ???? (????/???????? ???????) ????? ?????? (??????/???????? ???????)
???????? ?????? ???? 1990 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

? ? ? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????
1927?1950	?????? ?????? (1927) ????? ??????? (1928) ???? ???? (1929) ?????? ????? (1930) ???? ????? (1931) ???????? ?????? (1932) ??? ?????? ?????? (1933) ???????? ?????? (1934) ???? ?????? (1935) ????? ???? ?????? (1936) ????? ??? ??? / ???? ???? ???? (1937) ????? ???? (1938) ???? ?????? (1939) ?????? ????? (1940) ???????? ?????? (1941) ????? ?????? (1942) ???? ?????? (1943) ????? ???????? (1944) ???? ?????? (1945) ???? ????? (1946) ???? ?????? (1947) ???? ?????? (1948) ?????? ????? (1949) ????? ??????? (1950)
1951?1975	???? ???? (1951) ???????? ??????? (1952) ?????? ??????? (1953) ??? ????? ????? (1954) ????? ?????? ^[??????????] (1955) ?????? ??????? 1956 (1956) ?????? ??????? (1957) ???? ????? (1958) ????? ???????? (1959) ??????? : ???? ???? / ?????? ????? / ??? ????? / ?????? ????? / ????? ??????? / ?????? ???? / ????? ?????? / ?????? ?????? / ??????? ???? ???? / ?????? ????? / ?????? ????? / ?????? ???? / ?????? ????? / ???? ????? ??? ??? / ????? ?????? (1960) ??? ?????? (1961) ????? ?????? ???????? (1962) ????? ???? ???? ????? (1963) ?????? ?????? (1964) ????? ??????????? (1965) ???? ???????? (1966) ?????? ?????? (1967) ????? 8 : ???? ????? / ????? ?????? / ??? ???? (1968) ?????? ?????? (1969) ???? ?????? (1970) ??????? ?????? (1971) ???? ????? / ??????? ?????? (1972) ??? ?????? (1973) ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? (1974) ???? ?????? : ????? ????? ???? / ?????? ????? ^[??????????] / ?????? ??? / ??? ?????? / ???? ???? / ???? ??????? ????? / ????? ???? / ?????? ????? / ???? ??? ???? / ???? ???? / ????? ????? / ??? ???? (1975)
1976?2000	???? ????? (1976) ???? ???? ??????? (1977) ???? ???? ???? (1978) ??? ???? ??????? (1979) ?????? ????? (1980) ??? ?????? (1981) ????? ???? (1982) ?????? ????? / ???? ???????? (1983) ???? ??????? (1984) ???? ???? ???? (1985) ??????? ????? (1986) ??????? ????????? (1987) ????? ?????? (1988) ??????? ????????? (1989) ???? ??? ???? (1990) ?? ????? (1991) ??? ??????? (1992) ?????? ??????: ???? ????? / ???????? ????? ?? ????? / ?????? ??????? / ????? ????? (1993) ????? ???? ?????? (1994) ???? ???????? (1995) ????? ?? (1996) ????? ???? (1997) ??? ??????? / ??? ???? (1998) ??? ????? (1999) ???? ????? ??? (2000)
2001 ? ??? ????	???? ??????? (2001) ???? ?????? : ?????? ???? / ????? ???? / ????? ??????? ^[??????????] (2002) ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? (2003) ???? ????? ??? (2004) ????????? ??????? : ???? / ??? ???? / ?????? ???? (2005) ??? (2006) ???????? ????? (2007) ????? ?????? (2008) ?? ??????? (2009) ???? ???????? (2010) ?????? (2011) ????? ?????? (2012) ?????? ?????? (2013) ?????? ????????: ????? ???? ????? / ????? ???? ??????? / ???? ??????-??????? / ????? ????? / ?????? ???? (2014) ?????? ????? (2015) ?????? ????? (2016) ????? ????? (2017) ???? ???????: ???? ?????? / ????? ???? / ?? ??? ????? ?? ?? / ???? ????? " ????????? ????? " (2018) ????? ?????? (2019) ?? ????? / ?????? ????? (2020) ????? ???? (2021) ????????? ???????? / ??? ???????? (2022)