??????? (???? ???????)

???????
??????? ?????
???????	7 ?????? 1102 ; ????????
??????	10 ?????? 1167 (65 ???) ; ????
???? ?????	????????? ????
??????	????? ???????
?????	???? ?????? (1114?1125) ; ????? ?????? ???? ???? (1128?1151)
???????	???? ?????? ??? ???????
??? ???????	3
????	???? ????? ??? ???????
????	??????? ?? ????????
???? ??????	?????? ??????
?????	??????????
?????
????
	?? ?????? ; 7 ????? 1141 ? 1 ?????? 1141
????????	????? ???????
	????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????
?????? ???????
??????	???? ?????
	????? ????? - ?????

??????????? ??????? ( ????????? : Mathilde l'Emperesse )? ( 7 ?????? 1102 - 10 ?????? 1167 ) ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????.

????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ≪???????????≫? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? .

???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1141. ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? (???????? ????????). ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ≪????? ??????≫. ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ≪????? ????????≫? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????????. ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? 1154.

????? ??????? ?? ??? 1167 ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????????.

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ? ??? ?????? ?? 7 ?????? 1102 ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????. ^[1]^{[nb 1]} ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? ??? ??????? ??? 1066? ????? ?????????? ???? ??? ????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? . ^[3] ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????. ^[4] ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ^[5] ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????. ^[6]

??? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ??? 22 ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????. ^{[nb 2]} ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????. ^[7]^{[nb 3]} ??? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? . ^[9]

??? ??? 1108? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????. ^[10] ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????. ^[11]

???????????? ????????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?? ?????????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? 1108 ?? ????? 1109? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????. ^[12] ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????. ^[13] ?? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? 10,000 ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? . ^[14] ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? 1109? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? 1109. ^[14] ????? ??????? ?? ?????? 1110 ?? ?????? ??? ???????. ^[15]

????? [ ??? ]

16. ??????? ?????? ??? ????????

8. ????? ????? ??? ????????

17. ????? ?? ???????

4. ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???????

18. ????? ?? ?????

9. ???????

2. ???? ????? ??? ???????

20. ??????? ??????? ???? ???????

10. ??????? ??????? ???? ???????

21. ?????? ?? ?????????

5. ??????? ?? ???????

22. ????? ?????? ??? ?????

11. ????? ?? ?????

23. ???????? ?? ???

1. ??????? ?? ???????

24. ?????? ?? ??????

12. ????? ????? ??? ????????

25. ?????

6. ?????? ?????? ??? ????????

13. ?????

3. ??????? ?? ????????

28. ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????

14. ?????? ?????? ?? ????

29. ????????

7. ??????? ??????? ?? ????

15. ?????

??????? [ ??? ]

^ ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? 1101. ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? 1102. ^[2]
^ ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 9 ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?13 ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ^[2]
^ ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[8]

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 8?9
^ ^? ^? Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 9
^ Newman 1988 ? ????? 21?22; Carpenter 2004 ? ????? 125?126
^ Hallam & Everard 2001 ? ????? 62?64, 114?118
^ Hollister 2003 ? ????? 126?127
^ Hollister 2003 ? ????? 127?128; Thompson 2003 ? ???? 137
^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 9?10; Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )
^ Pain 1978 ? ???? 7
^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 12?13
^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 13?14; Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )
^ Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )
^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 15?16
^ Leyser 1982 ? ????? 195?197; Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 16
^ ^? ^? Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 16
^ Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 16?17

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ???????

[3] ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????. ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? 1101. ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? 1102. ^[2]

[8] ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 9 ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?13 ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????. ^[2]

[11] ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ^[8]

[1] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 8?9

[Chibnall_1991_9-2] ? ^? Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 9

[4] Newman 1988 ? ????? 21?22; Carpenter 2004 ? ????? 125?126

[5] Hallam & Everard 2001 ? ????? 62?64, 114?118

[6] Hollister 2003 ? ????? 126?127

[7] Hollister 2003 ? ????? 127?128; Thompson 2003 ? ???? 137

[9] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 9?10; Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )

[10] Pain 1978 ? ???? 7

[12] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 12?13

[13] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 13?14; Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )

[ODNB-14] Chibnall? Marjorie (2004?13). "Matilda [Matilda of England] (1102?1167), Empress, Consort of Heinrich V" . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography . Oxford University Press. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-12-22 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ?????? ??? ??????? |separator= ?? ?????? ( ?????? )

[15] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 15?16

[16] Leyser 1982 ? ????? 195?197; Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 16

[Chibnall1991P16-17] ? ^? Chibnall 1991 ? ???? 16

[18] Chibnall 1991 ? ????? 16?17

[1]

[nb 1]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[nb 2]

[7]

[nb 3]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[2]

[8]

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???????????? ???????????	????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??????????? (????? ??????) ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????
???????????? ????????? ???????	??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????-???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????????-????????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????