?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
????? ????
(
???????????
:
Grand Haven, Michigan
)? ?? ????? ??? ??????
???????
?? ???? ???
???????? ???????
. ???? ????? ??? ??????? 19.06 (??²)? ?????? ?? ??? ????? 202 ?? ??? ??? ?????? 10412 ???? ?? ??? 2010 ???
?????
???? ????? ???????? ???????
???? ??????? ???????? ???? 696.7 ????/??
2
.
[6]
???????? ????????
[
???
]
???
???? ????? ???????? ???????
?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????
????? ???????? ???????
. ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? 2000 ?2010.
????? ??? 2000
[
???
]
??? ??? ???? ????? ???? 11,168 ???? ????
????? ??? 2000
? ???? ??? ????? 4,979 ???? ???? ???????? 2,892 ????? ????? ?? ???????.
????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? 96.35% ??
?????
? 0.56% ??
?????????? ????????
? 0.87% ??
?????????? ??? ?????? ????????
? 0.02% ??
???? ??? ?????? ??????
? 0.45% ??
?????????? ????????
? 1.35% ??
????? ??????? ?? ????
.
????? ????
???????
???????? ?? ????? ????? 45.5% ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? 9.7% ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? 41.9% ?? ??? ????????. ????? ???? 34.8% ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? 14.2% ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? 65 ????? ??? ???. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? 2.81? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???? 2.17.
??? ????? ?????? ?????? 40 ?????. ????? ???? 20.1% ?? ????????
??? ?? ??????? ???
? ????? ???? 9.2% ???
??????? ??? ???????? ??????
?????? ????? 27.6% ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? 23.4% ???? ?? ???
??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????
? ????? 19.6% ???? ??? ???
??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???
. ???? ??? 100
????
89.5
???
? ????? ??? 100 ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??? 86.0 ???.
[9]
????? ??? 2010
[
???
]
??? ??? ???? ????? ???? 10,412 ???? ????
????? ??? 2010
? ???? ??? ????? 4,769 ???? ???? ???????? 2,721 ????? ????? ?? ???????. ?? ??? ????
??????? ????????
1,804.5 ???? ??? ??? ???? (696.7/??
2
). ???? ??? ??????? ??????? 5,815 ???? ?????? ????? ???? 1,007.8 ??? ??? ???? (389.1/??
2
).
????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? 95.0% ??
?????
? 0.9% ??
?????????? ????????
? 1.0% ??
?????????? ??? ?????? ????????
? 0.7% ??
?????????? ????????
? 1.9% ??
????? ??????? ?? ????
.
??? ??? ????? 4,769 ???? ???? ???? 24.8% ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????
???????
???????? ?? ????? ????? 42.1% ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? 11.0% ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? 3.9% ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? 42.9% ?? ??? ????????. ????? ???? 37.2% ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? 14.9% ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ????? 65 ????? ??? ???. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? 2.82? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???? 2.15.
??? ????? ?????? ?????? 42.9 ?????. ????? ???? 20.7% ?? ????????
??? ?? ??????? ???
? ????? ???? 7.6% ???
??????? ??? ???????? ??????
?????? ????? 24.2% ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? 28.5% ???? ?? ???
??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????
? ????? 19.1% ???? ??? ???
??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???
. ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? 47.4%
????
?52.6%
????
.
[10]
?????
[
???
]
????? ??????
[
???
]