한국   대만   중국   일본 
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????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????. ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????. ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????. ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? 1960 (?? ???? ???????) ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????. [1]

?????? ????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? 1945. ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 1946 ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1955. [2] ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??? 1973? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????????. ????? ?? ??? 1974 ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ??? 1991 ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ??? 1992 ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. [3]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? 1801 ???? ??? 1922. ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 1922? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????????. ???? ???????? 2 ?3 ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ≪ ??????? ?????? ≫? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1969? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????. ????? ???????? ????????? ??? 1973 ?????????? ???????-???????? ???? 1985 ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????. ????? ???????? ?? ??? 1998 ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ?????? ???????? 2 ?3 ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????: ??????? ? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????? . ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????.

????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????. ?? ??? 1973? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ????????? ??????????. ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. [4] ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? 1970 ?1998 ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ≪??????≫ ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????.

??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? (???? ??? ????) ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? [5] ??? ???? 49 ???? ???? ?19 ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.

???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?????????. ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????. [6] ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??? 2006 ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????. [7]

???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? 28 ????? ?? ??? 1924 ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? 7 ?????? ?? ??? 1924. ??? ??? 1927? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????. [8] ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? 2000. [9] ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? 2012? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????. [10]

???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? . ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? 2003? ???? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????. [11] ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? 30 ??? 50 ??? ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????. [12] [13]

?? ????? ?? ??? 2006? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? 2006. [14] ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????. [15]

?? ??? 1995? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? 2008 ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????. ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????. [16]

???????? ?? ??? 2022? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?. ??????.

?????? ???????? ???????? [ ??? ]

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??????? [ ??? ]

???? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 1945? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1955 ? [17] "partly because of ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? . [18] ??? ??? 2017? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????. [19] ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? 1981?1982, 2001?2002 ??????? 2021?2022. [20]

??????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? 1998 ?????? ???? ??? 2002. [21]

??? 2017? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. [22]

????? ??? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 1958? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ???????. ???????? ?? August 2018 ? ???? 90 ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????. [23]

????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????: [24]

???????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? . [25]

???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????: [26]

????????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? 1974? ??? ??? 2017? ???? ??????? ???????? 651 ????? ????. [27] ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? 0.7% ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? 2012? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? 2008 . [28] ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????: ?????? ? ??????? ? ??????? ? ???????? ? ??????? ? ??????? ? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? . [29] ??? 2006? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. [30]

???? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (???????? ???????) . [31] [32] ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????.

?????? ??????? (??????) ???????
?????? ?? ?????? ????? (?????) 1 ("????")
?????? ?? ?????? ????? (?????) 1 ("????")
???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? 76.9 ("???? ??????")
???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?4.00 ("????")
???? ?????? ??????? ?????? (?????) 1.33 ("?????? ????")
???? ??????????? ?????? ??? 8.79 ("????????? ?????")
???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? (?????) 7.9
???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? (?????) 7.7
???? ????? ????? ?????? 170 (?????? ?? ??????) 26.5 ("???????")

???? ????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

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  3. ^ John Doyle, "100 years of Irish Foreign Policy." Irish Studies in International Affairs 30.1 (2019): 1-5.
  4. ^ "The Claudia" . An Phoblacht . 21 ????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-02-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2016-01-26 .
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  6. ^ Irish Government must pursue Sellafield case via EU ???? ?????? 1 January 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ? ???????? ???????? press release, 8 June 2006.
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  9. ^ "Ireland Trade Visualization" . Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2013-10-29 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-10-28 .
  10. ^ "Ireland ranked as fourth largest destination for investment from US companies" . Irish Central. 7 ?????? 2013. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-10-23 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-10-28 .
  11. ^ Horgan v. An Taoiseach & others IEHC 64 (28 April 2003)  ? High Court judgement in the unsuccessful case brought by Ed Horgan ???? ?????? 2023-06-21 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  12. ^ "US report accuses Ireland of collusion in 'extraordinary rendition' flights" . BreakingNews.ie. 5 ?????? 2013. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-10-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-10-28 .
  13. ^ Simon Carswell (22 ?????? 2014). "Bush assured Irish State Shannon not used for rendition flights" . Irishtimes.com. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-10-21 . ???? ???? ?????? 2020-05-11 .
  14. ^ "Israeli envoy to pass on Irish concerns" . ????? ???????? ??????? . 27 ????? 2006. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-10-23 . ???? ???? ?????? 2006-07-27 .
  15. ^ Barnes? Eddie? Macleod? Murdo (30 ????? 2006). "Irish refused bombs sent to Prestwick airport" . Edinburgh: The Scotsman. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-07-28.
  16. ^ "Obama seeks to recover from Irish blunder" . Republican News. 5 ?????? 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-10-28 .
  17. ^ SUM Incorporated. "Lester Pearson's Role in the UN & FAO" . Unac.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-08-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-10-24 .
  18. ^ "What would Scottish independence mean at the UN?" , BBC, 10 September 2014 ???? ?????? 2023-01-29 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  19. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20210711072925/https://www.merrionstreet.ie/en/news-room/releases/minister_flanagan_announces_government_nominations_of_ambassadors.html . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-07-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-07-02 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )
  20. ^ "Ireland wins seat on UN Security Council" . BBC News . 17 ????? 2020. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-07.
  21. ^ International Criminal Court: Ireland  ? retrieved 13 November 2006 ???? ?????? 23 April 2007 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  22. ^ "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament ? No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons" . United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2022-12-30.
  23. ^ UN Peacekeeping, "Total Fatalities since 1948" , Nationality: Ireland. Retrieved 2 October 2018. ???? ?????? 2023-03-15 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  24. ^ Defence Forces Service Overseas: List of Missions ???? ?????? 15 November 2006 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ? from the Irish Defence Forces website. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
  25. ^ Overseas Service: Ireland and the United Nations ???? ?????? 14 November 2006 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ? from the ?????? ??????? ?????????? website. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
  26. ^ CIA ? The World Factbook ? Ireland  ? ???? ????? ?????? entry. Retrieved 15 November 2006. ???? ?????? 2023-01-15 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  27. ^ "Budget 2017: State to increase overseas aid spending to €651m" . The Irish Times (??????????? ?????????). Archived from the original on 2022-11-28 . Retrieved 2018-05-24 .
  28. ^ Ireland's Overseas Aid Increases by 11.4%  ? Irish government press release, 4 April 2006. ???? ?????? 2020-09-19 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  29. ^ Irish Aid: Frequently Asked Questions  ? Irish government website. Retrieved 13 November 2006. ???? ?????? 2020-09-19 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  30. ^ Irish government white paper on aid  ? Irish government ???? ????? ? 2006 ???? ?????? 2022-10-06 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  31. ^ "Amnesty International ? Ireland" . Amnesty.org. 12 ?????? 1989. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-10-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-10-24 .
  32. ^ "US Department of State ? Human rights in Ireland, 2007" . State.gov. 11 ???? 2008. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-09-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-10-24 .
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