한국   대만   중국   일본 
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تحتوي هذه المقالة أبحاثاً أصيلةً ينبغي إسنادها لمصادر أو إزالتها.
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???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? (Rodin) ???? ???? ??? ?????? .

????? [1] ?? ????? [1] [2] ?? ????? [1] [2] ?? ?????? [1] ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? .

????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ?????? ?????? (Charles Darwin) ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? (The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals) ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. [3] ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? (???????? ????? ????? ????? ??????) ?? ???? ????? ??????.

?? ≪?????? ??????≫ ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????. ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ????? . [4]

??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????. ????? ????? ??? ≪?????? ??????≫ ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????. ???? ????????? ??? ≪?????≫ ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ≪???≫ ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ≪???????!≫ ?? ≪??? ????!≫.

???????? ≪??? ???? ????? ??????≫ ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? (??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ) ????? ≪?????? ?????? ??????≫ ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? (??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ).

????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? (????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????) ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? (Goya) ≪????? ??? ?? ???? ???≫. ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????.

?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? . [5]

?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ?????? (Ruth Benedict)? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????.

?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? (Helen B. Lewis) ?? ??? ????? ?????? ≪????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????.≫ [6] ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? (Facing Shame) ≪????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????.≫ [7] ???? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? (Judith Lewis Herman) ?? ≪????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????≫ ?????≪???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????????.≫ [8] ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? (Gershen Kaufman) ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????. [9] [10] ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? (??? ??) ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ≪????? ?????≫. [9]

??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????. ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? (??? ????? ????????? ???? ???)? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??. ???? ???????? ???? (Immanuel Kant) ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? (Bernard Williams) ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????. [11] [12] ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????. ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????.

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

  • ????? ??????? : ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ???????.
  • ????? ?????? : ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????: ≪??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ????≫. ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? (John Bradshaw) ??? ????? ≪?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????≫. [13]
  • ??? ????? ????? : ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????. [14]
  • ???? ????? ????? : ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????. [15]
  • ???? ????? ?????? : ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???. ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????: ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? (?? ???? ???? ???? ????).

???????? [ ??? ]

????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? [16] and that ?????? ??????? ???????? is connected to shame as well. [17] [18] ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? (Glen Gabbard) ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? "??? ??????" ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ". ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????.

??????? ?????????? [ ??? ]

????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ?? ?????????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ?????? ? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????. ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????.

??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????. ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? . ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? .

???? ????? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? (Hester Prynne) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? (Nathaniel Hawthorne). ??? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??? (Alfredo Lim) ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? . ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? 1997? ??? ????? ????? ??? ≪???? ?? ??????≫ ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????. ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? 200 ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????. ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????. ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? (Rene A. Saguisag) ??? ???????. [19]

??? ????? ?? ??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????. ??? ????? 2005? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? (Bayani Fernando) ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ????????. ???? ????? ????????? (Vincent Crisologo) ??? ??????? ???? ≪????? ????? ??????≫. ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? (Rozzano Rufino Biazon) ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????. [20] [21]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ ? ? ? ? ???? ???????? (2003)? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (???????? ???????????)? ??????: ???? ???? ? ????? ??????: ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ? ?. 170? QID : Q116896364
  2. ^ ? ? ????? ???? ????? ? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? (2021)? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? (???????? ??????????? ?????????)? ????: ???? ????? ??????? ????? ? ?. ???? QID : Q116896383
  3. ^ Darwin? Charles (1872)? [<a href=" http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1142&viewtype=text&pageseq=1 "> http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1142&viewtype=text&pageseq=1 </a> The expression of the emotions in man and animals ]? London: John Murray {{ ??????? }} : ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? )
  4. ^ Broucek? Francis (1991)? Shame and the Self ? Guilford Press, New York? ?. 5? ISBN : 0-89862-444-4
  5. ^ Tangney? JP (1996)? "Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions?"? Journal of Personal Social Psychology ? ?. 70? ?. 1256?69? DOI : 10.1037/0022-3514.70.6.1256 ? PMID : 8667166 {{ ??????? }} : ?????? author-name-list parameters ???? ???? ?? ??? ( ?????? )
  6. ^ Lewis? Helen B. (1971)? Shame and guilt in neurosis ? International University Press, New York? ISBN : 0-8236-8307-9
  7. ^ Fossum? Merle A.? Mason? Marilyn J. (1986)? Facing Shame: Families in Recovery ? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???????     [???? ????] ‏? ?.  5 ? ISBN : 0-393-30581-3 ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-11 {{ ??????? }} : ????? ?????????: ?????? ????? ????? ( link )
  8. ^ Herman? Judith Lewis (2007)? "Shattered Shame States and their Repair" (PDF) ? The John Bowlby Memorial Lecture ? ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2010-07-05 ? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? 2020 {{ ??????? }} : ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? )
  9. ^ ? ? Kaufman? Gershen (1992)? Shame: The Power of Caring (?. 3rd)? Schenkman Books, Rochester, VT? ISBN : 0-87047-052-3
  10. ^ Nathanson? Donald (1992)? Shame and Pride: Affect, Sex, and the Birth of the Self ? W.W. Norton, NY? ISBN : 0-393-03097-0
  11. ^ Williams, Bernard: Shame and Necessity
  12. ^ Hutchinson, Phil: chapter four of Shame and Philosophy
  13. ^ Bradshaw? John (?????? 1996)? Bradshaw on the Family: A New Way of Creating Solid Self-Esteem ? HCI ? ISBN : 1-55874-427-4 ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-01-11
  14. ^ Gilligan, James (1997) Violence: Reflections on a National Epidemic Vintage Books, New York
  15. ^ Bradshaw, John (2005) Healing the Shame That Binds You (2nd edition) Health Communications, Deerfield Beach, Florida, [<a href=" http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JTuDfNyWR7kC&pg=PA101 "> http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JTuDfNyWR7kC&pg=PA101 </a> page 101], ISBN 0-7573-0323-4 ???? ?????? 2012-11-11 ?? Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Wurmser L, Shame, the veiled companion of narcissism, in The Many Faces of Shame, edited by Nathanson DL. New York, Guilford, 1987, pp. 64?92.
  17. ^ Gabbard GO, [<a href=" http://jppr.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/external_ref?access_num=2819295&link_type=MEDTwo "> http://jppr.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/external_ref?access_num=2819295&link_type=MEDTwo [ ???? ?????? ] </a> subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder.] Bull Menninger Clin 1989; 53:527?532. ???? ?????? 2022-05-21 ?? Wayback Machine
  18. ^ Young, Klosko, Weishaar: Schema Therapy ? A Practitioner's Guide, 2003, p. 375.
  19. ^ Pulta, Benjamin B. [<a href=" http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/man/2003/06/26/news/spray.campaign.debate.heats.up.html "> http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/man/2003/06/26/news/spray.campaign.debate.heats.up.html </a> "Spray campaign debate heats up."] Sun.Star Manila. June 26, 2003. [ ???? ?????? ] ???? ?????? 2010-08-24 ?? Wayback Machine
  20. ^ "[<a href=" http://news.yehey.com/news3.asp?c=4&i=80091 "> http://news.yehey.com/news3.asp?c=4&i=80091 </a> MMDA’s shame campaign slammed]," The Manila Times , January 12, 2005.[[?????:?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? {{subst:CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{subst:CURRENTYEAR}}]] [ ???? ?????? ] ???? ?????? 2007-03-11 ?? Wayback Machine
  21. ^ [<a href=" http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=271008 "> http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=271008 </a> " 'Shame campaign' vs graft backed"]. The Philippine Star . 20 ???? 2005. {{ ??????? ???? }} : ???? ?? ???? |????= ( ?????? ) [ ???? ?????? ]
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