???? ?????

?????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???. ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? 1850 ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????.

?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????????. ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????- ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????????.

???? ????? ???????? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ≪?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????≫ ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? (1844) ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????:

??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????. ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???. ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???. ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? -??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????-? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? (?? ???????) ????????. ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????. ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? -?? ???? ????? ???????- ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ^[1]

?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ≪??? ???????? ??????? ?????????≫ ????? ≪??? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?????≫? ???? ???? ???? ???? ≪????? ??????? ?????≫ ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ≪????? ??????? ??????? ???????≫. ??? ?? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????. ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? (?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????) ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????.

????? ??? 1849? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? (????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ????)? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????. ^[2]^[3]

???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? 1850 [ ??? ]

???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? 1850. ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ^[4] ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ≪?? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????≫? ?? ??? ?????? ?????. ???? ?? ??? ??????:

?? ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? -?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ??????- ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? -??????? ??? ?????- ?? ???? ??????. ^[4]

?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????? ??? ≪??? ?????? ????≫. ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????.

???? ??????? ??????? ???????????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ≪????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? ??????. ????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???????≫. ^[4]

??? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????: ≪??? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? [????????] ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????≫? ?? ??? ≪?? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????≫. ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ≪????? ???? ????≫ ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ≪??? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????≫? ??? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????. ^[4]

???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ≪?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????≫. ^[5] ???? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? . ???????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ≪???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????≫. ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ???:

1- ?????? ????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????????? -????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????- ?? ???? ??????.

2- ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? (?? ?? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????) ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????. [...] ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????.

?? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????.

????? [ ??? ]

^ Engels? Friedrich (1845). "Critical Battle Against the French Revolution (Ch. VI, part 3, § c)" . The Holy Family, or Critique of Critical Criticism: Against Bruno Bauer and Company . ?????: Richard Dixon and Clement Dutts (1956). {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ????? ?????: ????? ????????? ( link )
^ Marx? Karl (11 ?????? 1849)? "The Division of Labour in the Kolnische Zeitung " ? Neue Rheinische Zeitung (?. 2nd)? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03
^ Engels? Friedrich (15 ???? 1849)? "The Model Republic" ? Neue Rheinische Zeitung ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? Marx? Karl (???? 1850)? Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03
^ Engels? Friedrich (1848)? "The French Working Class and the Presidential Elections" ? Gesamtausgabe ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03

?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? 1990? ? 885-886.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? ????????? [ ??? ]

???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????

?????: ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????

[1] Engels? Friedrich (1845). "Critical Battle Against the French Revolution (Ch. VI, part 3, § c)" . The Holy Family, or Critique of Critical Criticism: Against Bruno Bauer and Company . ?????: Richard Dixon and Clement Dutts (1956). {{ ??????? ????? }}: ????? ?????????: ????? ?????: ????? ????????? ( link )

[2] Marx? Karl (11 ?????? 1849)? "The Division of Labour in the Kolnische Zeitung " ? Neue Rheinische Zeitung (?. 2nd)? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03

[3] Engels? Friedrich (15 ???? 1849)? "The Model Republic" ? Neue Rheinische Zeitung ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03

[ME1850-4] ? ^? ^? ^? Marx? Karl (???? 1850)? Address of the Central Committee to the Communist League ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03

[5] Engels? Friedrich (1848)? "The French Working Class and the Presidential Elections" ? Gesamtausgabe ? ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-03

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

? ? ? ??????? ??????? ???????
??????? ???????? ( ????????? )	?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ????? Metabolic rift ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? Super-imperialism ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????
??? ???????? ???? ???????? ( ?????????? )	??? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???? (???????) ?????? (???) ?????????? ????? Free association ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? Socialization ????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? Commanding heights of the economy
??????? ???????	???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????
????????	Deformed workers' state Degenerated workers' state ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????? Bureaucratic collectivism
?????	???????-???????-????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? Four Olds Mass line ????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? Struggle session ????? ?????? ??????

? ? ? ???????? ?????
??????	??????? Communization ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? Situationist prank ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
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