????? ???? ?????? ( ??????????? : Thomas Alva Edison )? ? ( 1847 - 1931 )? ????? ???? ????? ?????? . ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?. ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? "???? ????? ????" (The Wizard of Menlo Park) ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ????????.