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???? ??????? ????????? ( ?????????? : REGNVM ROMANVM )? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????????.

?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????????. ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??? 753 ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? 509 ??? ???????.

?????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????.

???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? (Livy) ???????? (Plutarch) ?????????? ????????????? (Dionysius of Halicarnassus) ??????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ???? (Varro)? ????? ????? ??? ?????? 243 ?????? ??? ????? 35 ????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? (Barthold Georg Niebuhr). ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? 390 ??? ??????? (????????? ?????? ???????? (Polybius) ??? ???? ??????? ?? 387/6)? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????. ^[1]

??????? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? . ???? ???? ?? ?????????. ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????. ^[2] ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????. ^[3]

???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? 100 ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ?????? ????? ????????? patres (?? ?? ???????) ? ????? ????? ?? ?????????????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????. ^[3] ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ????: ????? (???????) ? ??????(??? ??? ?????) ??????? (??????????). ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? 30 ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? 30 ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? . ^[2]

??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????

??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ??? ???? ?? ???????. ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? - ?? ??? ?????. ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ^[2]

??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????. ^[2] ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???. ^[4]

???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????????. ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ^[2] ?????. ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? . ^[4] ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????.

??????? [ ??? ]

^ Asimov, Isaac. Asimov's Chronology of the World. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. p. 69.
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? A Commentary on Livy Books XXXI?XXXIII . Oxford University Press. ISBN : 9780198147381 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-26.
^ ^? ^? Livy [Titus (14 ????? 2008). Oxford World's Classics: Livy: The Rise of Rome: Books One to Five . Oxford University Press. ?. 5?5. ISBN : 9780199540044 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-11.
^ ^? ^? Plutarch (1914). "Lives. Romulus" . Digital Loeb Classical Library . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-06-08 .

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

Livy: Ab Urbe Condita.

Frank, Tenney: An Economic History of Rome. 1927.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

Patria Potestas : a view of suppressed matrilineality in the early legends of Rome
The Kings of Rome
Roman History
[1] "Legendary Kings"
Nova Roma - Educational Organization about "All Things Roman"
History of Rome podcasts History of Rome podcasts

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??????? ?????????

[1] Asimov, Isaac. Asimov's Chronology of the World. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. p. 69.

[مولد_تلقائيا1-2] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? A Commentary on Livy Books XXXI?XXXIII . Oxford University Press. ISBN : 9780198147381 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-04-26.

[مولد_تلقائيا2-3] ? ^? Livy [Titus (14 ????? 2008). Oxford World's Classics: Livy: The Rise of Rome: Books One to Five . Oxford University Press. ?. 5?5. ISBN : 9780199540044 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-11.

[مولد_تلقائيا3-4] ? ^? Plutarch (1914). "Lives. Romulus" . Digital Loeb Classical Library . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-05-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2019-06-08 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]